Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

1. विल्मा‌ ‌के‌ ‌दौडने‌ ‌की‌ ‌बारी‌ ‌आयी‌ ‌तो‌ ‌उससे‌‌ बेटन‌ ‌छूट‌ ‌गयी।‌
2. दूसरे‌ ‌छोर‌ ‌पर‌ ‌जुत्ता‌ ‌हेन‌ ‌दौडी‌ ‌चली‌ ‌आ‌ ‌रही‌‌ है‌।‌
3. ‌जुत्ता‌ ‌को‌ ‌तीन‌ ‌बार‌ ‌हराया‌ ‌गया।‌
4. यह‌ ‌बात‌ ‌इतिहास‌ ‌के‌ ‌पन्नों‌ ‌में‌ ‌दर्ज‌ ‌हो‌ ‌गयी‌ ‌कि‌‌ एक‌ ‌पोलियो‌ ‌ग्रस्त‌ ‌महिला‌ ‌1960‌ ‌के‌ ‌रोम‌ ‌ओलम्पिक‌ ‌में‌ ‌दुनिया‌ ‌की‌ ‌सबसे‌ ‌तेज़‌ ‌धावक‌ ‌बन‌‌ गयी।‌‌
5. ‌उपर्युक्त‌ ‌गद्यांश‌ ‌’हार‌ ‌के‌ ‌आगे‌ ‌जीत‌ ‌है’‌ ‌नामक‌‌ पाठ‌ ‌से‌ ‌दिया‌ ‌गया‌ ‌है।

1. A)‌ ‌गिरिजा‌ ‌घर‌
2. ‌C)‌ ‌धर्मोपदेश‌
3. A) 23‌
4. ‌C)‌ ‌अंकल‌ ‌टाम्स‌ ‌केबिन‌‌
5. D)‌ ‌रविवार‌

”दो‌ ‌बूंद‌ ‌ज़िंदगी‌ ‌की”‌ ‌यह‌ ‌विज्ञापन‌ ‌बहुत‌ ‌सोच‌ ‌समझकर‌ ‌रखा‌ ‌गया‌ ‌है।‌ ‌पोलियो‌ ‌को‌ ‌समूल‌ ‌निर्मूलन‌ ‌करने‌‌ की‌ ‌उद्देश्य‌ ‌से‌ ‌सरकार‌ ‌मुफ़्त‌ ‌में‌ ‌वैक्सिन‌ ‌दे‌ ‌रहा‌ ‌है।‌ ‌पाँच‌ ‌साल‌ ‌से‌ ‌कम‌ ‌उम्र‌ ‌के‌ ‌बच्चों‌ ‌के‌ ‌लिए‌ ‌दो‌ ‌बूंद‌ ‌देने‌‌ से‌ ‌जिंदगी‌ ‌भर‌ ‌पोलियो‌ ‌से‌ ‌मुक्त‌ ‌रह‌ ‌सकते‌ ‌हैं।

rice refers to that monetary unit for which a unit of goods or service is exchanged.

Golden ratio is more beautiful. It is the ratio of a line segment cut in to two pieces of different lengths such that the ratio of whole segment to that of the longer segment is equal to that of longer segment to the shorter segment.

A) Streptococcus

Correct option is C) Fungi

Correct option is C) Bat

• Sujata’s statement that bat is not a bird but mammal is correct 
• Like other mammals, including ourselves bats have hair or fur on their bodies. 
• They are warm blooded animals.
• A baby bat that feed on its mother milk after it is born. 
• Bats are the only mammals that can fly.

Lamarck theory is called the theory of inheritance of acquired characters. It says that the organisms are exposed to new needs due to a change in the environment. They acquire same characters during their lifetime to adapt themselves to the new needs. These characters are passed on to the next generation. For example, the long neck of the giraffe is due to needing to catch the leaves of long tress. A. Weismann rejected the theory of Lamarck, stating that adaptations based in the somatic cells cannot be inherited.

Bayliss and Sterling discovered hormone for the first time.

The cells of juxtaglomerular complex in the kidney produce a peptide hormone erythropoietin which stimulates erythropoiesis.

The branch of science which deals with the study of endocrine glands or hormones is called endocrinology.

Atrial wall of human heart secretes a peptide hormone called atrial natriuretic factor which decreases blood pressure by dilation of the blood vessels.

Hormone reach target organ through blood stream.

In Bryophyllum, vegetative propagation occur through Leaves where buds occur. 

Rose leaves do not form buds.

Progesterone hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum of ovary.

Pancreozymin is a hormone released from duodenal mucosa. It stimulates pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes.

They regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

(i) Glucocorticoids hormones are secreted by the middle region of the adrenal cortex. 

(ii) They regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. They increase the blood glucose level by converting proteins and fats into carbohydrates which are in turn converted to glucose. 

(iii) In case of excessive bleeding, glucocorticoids constrict blood vessels to offset the drop in blood pressure due to blood lose. 

(iv) They have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects.

(c) Melatonin

(d) It regulates water and electrolyte balance of the body

(i) Follow a meal plan that is planned for you with your healthcare team: Look for recipes that are low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt (sodium), and added sugars. Include in your diet fruits and vegetables, fish, lean meats, chicken or turkey without the skin, dried peas or beans, and low-fat or non fat milk and cheese. 

(ii) Limit your portion sizes (use the plate method): Make half your plate vegetables and fruit, one quarter of the plate a lean protein food, and one quarter of the plate a whole grain food. 

(iii) Exercise safely every day: Talk to your healthcare provider before staring any exercise program, and take small steps until you can build up to at least 30 minutes most days of the week. A brisk walk is excellent exercise., 

(iv) Do not smoke cigarettes or use any tobacco products: As they can make diabetic complications worse. 

(v) Take your medicines the way your healthcare provider asks you to. 

(vi) Have our eyes checked regularly : People with diabetes should see an eye care specialist, an ophthalmologist, at least once a year to check for damage to their retinas.

(b) It increases blood potassium level

Melatonin is the hormone secreted by pineal body.

The properties of hormones are : 

(i) They are synthesized and secreted by living glandular cells within the body. 

(ii) They are transported by blood stream to serve as chemical messengers which act on target cells. 

(iii) They do not provide energy but they do have effects on growth differentiation and metabolic activities of their target cells. 

(iv) They are effective in low concentration. Their excess or deficiency leads to disorders. 

(v) They may accelerate or inhibit physiological process.

Differences between Hormone and Enzyme:

Following are the five reasons : 

(i) Insulin resistance is the most common cause of type 2 diabetes. 

(ii) It can be hereditary. 

(iii) Lifestyle choices that affect the development of type 2 diabetes include : 

(a) Lack of exercise : Physical activity has many benefits-one of them being that it can help you avoid type 2 diabetes, if you're susceptible. 

(b) Unhealthy meal planning choices : A meal plan filled with high-fat foods and lacking in fibre increases the likelihood of type 2 diabetes. 

(c) Overweight/Obesity : Lack of exercise and unhealthy meal planning choices can lead to obesity, or make it worse. Being overweight makes it more likely that you'll become insulin resistant and can also lead to many other healthy conditions.

(d) Thyroid and parathyroid

Structure of Pancreas : The pancreas lies inferior to the stomach in the first C-shaped bend of the duodenum. It acts both an exocrine and endocrine gland and thus is a composite gland. The tissue of the pancreas has in addition to the acinar cells, groups of cells called islets of Langerhans, which produce endocrine secretions. 

Four kinds of cells that have been identified in the islets : 

(a) Alpha cells produce glucagon, 

(b) Beta cells produce insulin, 

(c) Delta cells produce somatostatin, 

(d) PP cells produce pancreatic polypeptide. 

Hormone of Pancreas and their Roles : 

(i) Glucagon : It stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose. It is controlled by feedback in accordance with the glucose in the blood. 

(ii) Insulin : It is antagonistic to glucagon. Insulin decreases the level of glucose in the blood. It acts by increasing the rate at which glucose is transported out of the blood and into cells and by stimulating muscles cells to take up sugar from the blood and convert it to glycogen. 

(iii) Somatostatin : It suppresses the release of other hormones from the pancreas. It also appears to suppress the release of hormone from the digestive tract. 

(iv) Pancreatic polypeptide : It appears that pancreatic polypeptide inhibits the release of digestive secretion of the pancreas.

(i) Uterine contraction : Oxytocin is secreted by posterior pituitary (Neurohypophysis). It regulates uterine contraction of smooth muscles during child birth. 

(ii) Ovulation : Luetinizing Hormone (LH) secreted by anterior pituitary (adenolypophysis) regulates the ovulation. 

(iii) Rise in blood sugar : Insulin secreted by Islets of Langerhans regulate rise in blood sugar. 

(iv) Fall in calcium ion level in blood : Parathormone secreted by parathyroid gland regulate rise in blood sugar. 

(v) Urinary elimination of water : ADH secreted by posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) is called vasopressin. It decreases the volume of water by increasing reabsorption from urine.

Differences between vitamin, hormone and enzyme:

(i) Hormones, a chemical messenger is transported by blood, they reach target organs, i.e., organs for which they are intended. 

(ii) Hormones may stimulate or inhibit specific biological processes in target organs to modify their activities. Thus they regulate organs and tissues. 

(iii) The activity of these messenger molecules, i.e., hormones secreted in the blood by endocrine glands is under the direct control of the nervous system.

The neurosecretory cells (neurons) of hypothalamus secrete hormones called neurohormones (releasing factors) which are summarised below. 

(i) Adrenocorticotropic releasing hormone (ACTRH) : It stimulates the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 

(ii) Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH): It stimulates the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to secrete thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin. 

(iii) Somatotropin Releasing hormone (SRH) : It stimulates the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to release growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin. 

(iv) Growth inhibiting hormone (GIH): This hormone is also called somatostatin (SS). It inhibits the secretion of growth hormone from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. 

(v) Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) : It stimulates the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to secrete two gonadotropic hormones : follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

(i) Aldosterone (salt-retaining hormone) is the principal mineralocorticoid in humans. Its main function is to regulate the sodium content of the body. It is secreted when the sodium level is low. 

(ii) It acts on the kidneys to cause more sodium to be returned to the blood and more potassium to be excreted. 

(iii) As the sodium concentration in the blood increases, water follows it by osmosis, so the blood volume also increases. Thus, the effect of aldosterone is to increase both sodium and water in the blood.

Monocotyledonous roots.

Phanerogams: Flowering and seed-bearing plants.

(c) Shiv Ram Kashyap 

Invertebrate liver cells, SER plays a crucial role in detoxifying many poisons and drugs.

Correct option is: (b) Buddhism

At the edge of the forest.

It is clear that the story is an allegory with a moral. The world of animals is pitted against the man to suggest that among human beings, some are like animals in their cruelty. It is definitely a political satire which shows the devious (cunning) and selfish ways of the colonisers in their relationship with the natives. The story mocks at the supercilious (arrogant) attitudes of the colonisers who think that it is their duty to reform the backward natives. They justify all their selfish acts by covering up their selfish deeds with the argument that they have been sent by God himself for the good deed. The author uses terms like ‘better economic use’ to suggest the trade and commerce the colonisers established in the colonised country.

It’s  trunk.

(b) unoccupied 

Gaining Ratio: 1:1 (as the ratio was taken equally)

To Prove : \(tan^{-1}2-tan^{-1}1=tan^{-1}\frac{1}{3}\)

Formula Used : 

\(tan^{-1}x-tan^{-1}y= tan^{-1}\left(\frac{x+y}{1+xy}\right)\) where xy > -1

Proof:

LHS = tan^-1 2 – tan^-1 1

\(=tan^{-1}\left(\frac{2-1}{1+2}\right)\)

\(=tan^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\)

= RHS 

Therefore LHS = RHS 

Hence proved.

While failing, a cat stretches its body alongwith its tail, thus increasing its moment of inertia. As no external torque acts,

L = Iω = constant. 

As I increase, ω decreases and the cat lands gently on its feel. 

Let the number of working days are x

\(\frac{210}{6}\) = \(\frac{875}{x}\)

On cross multiplication, we get

210 x x = 6 x 875

x = \(\frac{6\times 875}{210}\) = 25

Therefore number of days of work is 25 days

Let the income is Rs x

\(\frac{8}{200}\) = \(\frac{20}{x}\)

On cross multiplication, we get

8 x x = 20 x 200

x = \(\frac{20\times 200}{8}\) = 500

Therefore amount paid is Rs 500

Answer is (d) 1/e