Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

The size of E. coli cell size is 2-3 µm.

(a) Trancription 

(b) Translation

Protein rich cell biomass from microbes such as bacteria, yeast, algae are used as alternative food. 

Eg: Spirulina can be grown in waste water (from potato processing plant) to produce protein rich biomass treated as food.

Advantages : 

(i) Provides protein rich food supplement in human diet 

(ii) Reduces pressure of conventional agricultural production 

(iii) Use of Waste water reduces pollution level.

(iv) High rate of biomass production in large amount in short period.

- A single DNA dependent RNA polymerase catalyses the formation of mRNA, tRNA 5 and rRNA in bacteria.

- The enzyme is capable of catalyzing only the elongation step of transcription 

- It combines transiently to the initiation or sigma factor and binds to the promoter and initiates transcription

- It somehow facilitates the opening of the DNA helix and catalyses the polymerisation of ribonucleoside triphosphates in a template-depended fashion, i.e., elongation. 

- When it reaches the terminator sequence, the enzyme associates transiently with the termination or rho (p) factor and terminates transcription, the RNA and the enzyme fall off the template.

A protein acquires its charge depending upon the abundance of amino acid residues with charged side chains.

(a) Replication 

(b) Transcription 

(c) Translation 

(d) Reverse transcription

-A proteins acquires a charge depending on the abundance of amino acid residues with charged side chains.

- Histones are rich is basic amino acids, lysine's and arginine's, which carry positive charges in their side chains; hence histones are positively charged.

Nucleosome core is a histone octamer.

Streptococcus pneumoniae.

(a) Prokaryotic transcription 

(b) RNA polymerase 

(c) In eukaryotes hnRNA undergo additional processing called as splicing, capping and tailing.

In splicing the introns are removed and exons are joined together. In capping methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to the 5-end of hnRNA. In tailing, adenylate residues are added at 3-end in a template.The fully processed hnRNA, called as mRNA, that is transported out of the nucleus for translation.

200 bp nucleosome

Histones are rich in basic amino acids, Lysine, Arginine (present as residues in their side chains), which are positively charged.

Basic amino acid residues of lysines, arginines.

Detailed answer:

They histones acquire positive charge because they are rich is in basic amino acid residues of arginine and lysine which carry positive charges in their side chains.

Answer is Metaphase

Lysine and arginine.

Histone proteins have a positively charged surface because of the presence and abundance of two basic amino acids : (i) Lysine and (ii) Arginine as compared to other amino acids.

(a) functional 61 codons and 20 amino acids

Plaster of paris should be stored in moisture proof container because Plaster of paris is powdered form of gypsum with less water of crystallization. But when we keep in open it will react with water to for hard solid mass Gypsum.

CaSO₄. 1/2H₂O + 3/ H₂O ------- > CaSO₄. 2H₂O

1. Positively Charged

2. Nucleosomes

(c) redundancy and degeneracy

7.0-7.8

During indigestion, the stomach produces too much acid which causes pain. Antacids are alkaline and so neutralize the excess acid

Milk of Magnesia

(d) Gamma rays (from cobalt 60)

(d) tRNA complementary to base sequence on mRNA

Phosphodiester bond.

The pH will decrease. The milk when changes to curd become more acidic because of lactic acid Lesser the pH value, more is the acidic nature.

(a) random mutations

The approximate distance between the adjacent base pair is 0.34 nm

pH value of fresh milk is 6, but when it converts into curd value of pH decreases because curd is acidic. Hence this value is becoming less.

a) Milkman shift the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline. In this condition milk is not converted into curd as it is in alkaline state.

b) This milk is alkaline. Acids combining with base and becomes neutral. Hence it takes more time to convert into curd.

1. Curd form from the milk by the action of Lactic acid produced by bacteria in the milk. 

2. If milk man add Baking soda (NaHCO₃) to the milk it neutralise acid, which is produced by the bacteria. 

3. Excess acid is required to change the milk as curd. 

4.  It takes long time

(b) Franklin and Wilkins

Correct answer is (c) Parrot fish

The nature of charge on the other object will be positive. This is because like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract each other.

The answer is (b) axonal end

• At axonal end electric impulse triggers the release of neurotransmitter.
• These chemicals eneter dendrite of another neuron to transmit the signal.

f(x) = sin x/x

Given the function f(x) = (sin x/x) : x = 0

lim_{h → 0^-} f(x) = lim_{h → 0⁺} f(x) = f(0)

Now, lim_{h → 0^-} f(x) = lim_{h → 0^-} (sin x/x)

lim_{h → 0^-} (sin(x - h))/(x - h)) = 1

And, lim_{h → 0⁺} f(x) = lim_{h → 0⁺} (sin x/x) = lim_{h → 0} (sin (x + h)/(x + h)) = 1

Hence, lim_{h → 0^-} f(x) = lim_{h → 0⁺} f(x) = f(0) = 1 

Answer is (c) |A|²

Answer is (a) |A| = 0

[1,-2,3]_{1 x 3}[(2,-1,5),(0,2,4),(-7,5,0)]_{3 x 3} = [-19,10,-3]_{1 x 3}

[1,-2,3]_{1 x 3}[(2,-1,5),(0,2,4),(-7,5,0)]_{3 x 3} - [2,-5,7]_{1 x 3}

= [-19,10,-3] - [2,-5,7] = [-21,15,-10]

Genetic variation, natural selection and reproductive isolation are factors that could lead to the rise of a new species.

The small numbers of surviving tigers are a cause of worry from the point of view of genetics because if they all die and become extinct, their genes will be lost forever and coming generations will not be able to see tigers at all. Also, small number of tigers means less chances of variations. Variations are important for stability of a species by natural selection.

1. On 13 March 1919, the public meeting was organized in the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, on the day of Baisakhi, to oppose the arrest of popular leaders like Dr. Satyapal and Dr. Kitchlu.

2. General Dyer reached there with his troops and without any warning, opened fire on innocent people from the machine guns.

3. Number of people lost their lives in the firing.

4. According to the government report, 379 people died and 1200 injured.

5. As per the committed appointed by the Congress, 1000 people had died in the firing.

6. ‘Hunter Commission’, investigating the case on behalf of the British Government, defended General Dyer.

7. The Commission forgave Dyer considering it as ‘an innocent mistake that happened unknowingly’.

8. When Dyer returned to England, he was honored with a sword and 2000 pounds.

9. Indians got a terrible shock because of this.

10. After this inhuman act, Gandhiji’s faith towards the British was completely lost.

11. This tragedy became the ground for the future Non-Cooperation Movement.

A set of computers connecting together is called as Network

The computers which are connected to network are called as nodes

(a) Vint cerf

768 kb/s is the line speed of NPL network

(a) Vint cerf