Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

The answer is (a) Conical

The answer is (b) Colocassia

The answer is (c) mistletoe

Network of Network is called Internet

The answer is (a) Pericycle

In group 14 the lower oxidation state becomes more stable down the group. The reason is Inert pair effect

(b) Statement 1 is true, statement 2 is true but is not correct explanation for statement 1 

Correct option is (d) Streptococci

Correct option is (c) Endonucleases

hnRNA has non-functional introns in between the functional exons. To remove these, it undergoes changes. The changes that hnRNA undergoes include capping, i.e., methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to 5′ end; tailing in which poly A tail is added at 3′ end; and splicing by which introns are removed and exons are joined.

Correct option is (b) Cytoplasm

Correct option is (b) RNA polymerase

Correct option is (a) DNA to RNA

Correct option is (a) Replication

Bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacterium and injects its genetic material in the bacterium.

Correct option is (d) Uracil

The characteristics of genetic code are

1. Genetic code is triplet, commaless and non-overlapping. 

2. It is degenerate and non-ambiguous. 

3. It is universal 

4. It has polarity.

S-strain pneumoniae are virulent, smooth and encapsulated.

Steps in protein synthesis are: 

1. Transcription 

2. Activation of amino acids and formation of charged t-RNAs, 

3. Synthesis of polypeptide chain: 

4. initiation 

5. elongation and 

6. termination of polypeptide chain.

Correct option is (a) 3

Correct option is (b) i, iv, iii, ii

Correct option is (d) Tryptophan operon

During elongation of polypeptide chain, the ribosome moves along the m-RNA in stepwise manner from start codon to stop codon (5′ → 3′), 1 codon ahead each time t, his movement is called translocation and due to this t-RNA carrying a dipeptide at A-site of the ribosome moves to the p-site.

Bacteria like E.coli adapt to their chemical environment by synthesizing certain enzymes depending upon the substrate present. Such adaptive enzyme is called inducible enzyme.

A set of genes are switched on when a new substrate is to be metabolized. This phenomenon is called induction and small molecule responsible for this is known as inducer.

The role of a repressor gene is to produce repressor protein. Repressor binds with operator gene and this prevents transcription of structural genes in the operon.

Correct answer is (c) gene i

Correct answer is (b) operator, repressor

Variable Number of Tandem Repeats.

Three binding sites for t-RNA on ribosomes are P-site (peptidy t-RNA-site), A-site (aminoacyl – t-RNA-site) and E-site (exit site).

When the repressor binds to the operator, the operon is switched off and transcription is stopped

1. A small amount of beta-galactoside permease enzyme is present in cell even when Lac operon is switched off and it allows a few molecules of lactose to enter into the cell. 

2. Lactose binds to repressor and inactivates it. 

3. Repressor – lactose complex cannot bind with the operator gene, which is then turned on.

4. RNA polymerase transcribes all the structural genes to produce lac m-RNA which is then translated to produce all enzymes. 

5. Thus, lactose acts as an inducer. 

6. When the inducer level falls, the operator is blocked again by repressor and structural genes are repressed again. This is negative feedback.

(a) 5′-end, before start codon and at 3′-end, after stop codon of m-RNA

Correct answer is (b) hydrogen bond

AUG is the initiator codon of protein synthesis.

1. Human Genome Project (HGP) was initiated in 1990 under the International administration of the Human Genome Organization (HUGO) and it was completed r in 2003.

2. The main aims:

• To sequence 3 billion base pairs of DNA in human genome and to map an estimated 33000 genes. 
• To store the information collected from the project in databases. 
• To develop tools and techniques for analysis of the data. 
• Transfer of the related technologies to the private sectors, such as industries. 
• Taking care of the legal, ethical and social issues which may arise from project. 
• To sequence the genomes of several other organisms such as bacteria e.g. E.coli, Caenorhabditis elegans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophil, rice, Arabidopsis), Mus musculus, etc.

3. Significance:

1. HGP has a major impact in the fields like Medicine, Biotechnology, Bioinformatics and the Life sciences.

2. More understanding of functions of genes, proteins and human evolution.

Rice and Arabidopsis.

Codogen is a triplet of nucleotides present on the DNA which specifies one particular amino acid. 

Codon is a triplet of nucleotides present on the m-RNA which specifies one particular amino acid.

Correct answer is (b) P-site

Correct answer is (c) point mutation

In eukaryotes DNA-replication takes place during S-phase of interphase of cell cycle and in prokaryotes. DNA replicates prior to cell division.

Correct answer is

(C) 7

Approximate size of a typical nucleus is 10 m.

Correct answer is

(B) 3:1