Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Correct Answer is: (c) gizzard

(b) alary muscles

pulsatile vesicle

The last segment of the earthworm is called pygidium.

(b) sperms mature earlier than ova –

The blood from the sinuses enters the heart of cockroach through the ostia.

The are present from the O segment onwards in the earthworm  dorsal.

(c) Potassium urate

The digestive system of the earthworm consists of the alimentary canal and the digestive glands. The alimentary canal runs as a straight tube throughout the length of the body from the mouth to anus. The mouth opens into the buccal cavity which occupies the 1 and 2 segments.

The buccal cavity leads into a thick muscular pharynx,which occupies the 3 and 4 segments and is surrounded by the pharyngeal glands. A small narrow tube, oesophagus lies in the 5 segment and continues into a muscular gizzard in the 6th segment. The gizzard helps in the grinding of soit particles and decaying leaves.

Intestine starts from the 7^th segment and continues till the last segment. The dorsal wall of the intestine is folded into the cavity as the typhlosole. This fold contains blood vessels and increases the absorptive area of the intestine. The inner epithehum consists of columnar cells and glandular cells. The alimentary canal opens to the exterior through the anus. The ingested organic rich soil passes through the digestive tract where digestive enzymes breakdown complex food into smaller absorbable units.

The simpler molecules are absorbed through the intestinal membrane and are utilized. The undigested particles along with earth are passed out through the anus, as worm castings or vermicasts. The pharyngeal or salivary gland cells and the glandular cells of the intestine are supposed to be the digestive glands which secrete digestive enzymes for digestion of food.

The receptors are located in the antenna, maxillary paips and cerci thigmo.

The body setac are absent in the , last segments and allatum first.

The swollen segments 14 to 17 in mature earthworm is called the clitellum.

The segments of the earthworm are metameres.

(d) Heart is autoexcitable Options

Thermoreceptors

(c) Lampito mauritii

(d) Cockroach

Correct Answer is: (a) 10,10

(d) locomotion

Male frog has a pair of vocal sacs and a nuptial pad on the ventral side of the first digit of each forelimb. Vocal sacs assist in amplifying the croaking sound of frog. It makes a characteristic sound and attracts the female.

Correct Answer is: (c) Mosaic

(c) excretion

Frog respires on land and in the water by two different methods. In water, skin acts as aquatic respiratory organ (cutaneous respiration). Dissolved oxygen in the water gets exchanged through the skin by diffusion. On land, the buccal cavity, skin and lungs act as the respiratory organs. In buccal respiration on land, the mouth remains permanently closed while the nostrils remain open. 

The floor of the buccal cavity is alternately raised and lowered, so air is drawn into and expelled out of the buccal cavity repeatedly through the open nostrils. Respiration by lungs is called pulmonary respiration. The lungs are a pair of elongated, pink coloured sac-like structures present in the upper part of the trunk region (thorax). Air enters through the nostrils into the buccal cavity and then to the lungs. During aestivation and hibernation gaseous exchange takes place through skin.

(a) At the junction of midgut and hindgut, about 150.

Elimination of nitrogenous waste and salt and water balance are performed by a well developed excretory system. It consists of a pair of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and cloaca. Kidneys are dark red, long, flat organs situated on either sides of the vertebral column in the body cavity.

Kidneys are Mesonephric. Several nephrons are found in each kidney. They separate nitrogenous waste from the blood and excrete urea, so frogs are called ureotelic organisms. A pair of ureters emerges from the kidneys and opens into the cloaca. A thin walled unpaired urinary bladder is present ventral to the rectum and opens into the cloaca.

Peristomium: The first segment of the body of earthworm is called peristomium.

Prostomium: A small flap overhanging the mouth is called prostomium or upper lip.

(a) One pair, sessile compound and kidney shaped

Tergum: Tergum is the covering each segment of cockroach on the dorsal side.

Sternum: The sternum is the covering of each segment of cockroach on the ventral side.

Lac cut from the host plant is called ‘stick lac’. The lac present on the twig is scraped and collected. After grinding, the unnecessary materials like dusts and fine particles are removed. The resultant lac is called ‘seed lac’.

Objectives of Animal breeding 

1. To improve growth rate. 

2. Enhancing the production of milk, meat, eggs etc., 

3. Increasing the quality of the animal products. 

4. Improved resistance to diseases. 

5. Increased reproductive rate

Breeding between a superior male of one breed with a superior female of another breed is known as cross breeding.

1. cool - bamboo 

2. happy – pictures 

3. dreadful – silence 

4. dry - earth

(a) ‘Life and death’ 

In the first usage it is used as antithesis, to emphasise the beginning and end. 

In the second instance it is irony to indicate that neither life nor death is permanent. 

Ironically the rituals are permanent. 

(b) ‘The river has a soul’ 

In the first instance it is used to personify the river. Several human-like qualities are attributed to the river, 

= it cuts through the land 

= it is cascading in grief 

= it holds its breath 

= it seeks a land

When the poet says ‘The river has a soul’ she personifies the river. The river flows with great force – ‘like a torrent of grief. The river flowing with great force can be like a person pouring out grief in a storm of emotion. The river also seems to be holding its breath, maybe because it is choking with filth. There are no fishes. It is not clear and sparkling. So the poet says -‘I think it holds its breath seeking a land of fish and stars’.

1. The town has ‘A shrine of happy pictures’ to mark the days of childhood. 

2. Small towns grow with anxiety for the future. 

3. Like her town, ‘small towns’ are ‘by the river’. 

4. Make a list of natural elements mentioned in the extract.

The river flows with great force -‘like a torrent’-. The river has life and soul. It breathes. But it seems as if the river is holding its breath. It seems to be in search of fishes which will live in it and stars which will be reflected in its waters.

1. The river has a soul. 

2. from the first drop of rain to dry earth 

3. mist on the mountaintops 

4. the immortality of water.

River, Earth, Mountaintops, Sun, Sunlight, Bamboo

Correct Answer is: C) Megaspore

Embryosac originated from Megaspore.

There is a shrine probably in the town which has pictures inside. The pictures may be those of the happy moments experienced by the people in the town. Those memories are so sacred that it is a shrine to them. They protect and guard it because they have only sad and grim things happening at present.

The Correct option is C. L. H.

Correct Answer is: C) L.H

The process of ovulation is controlled by the hypothalamus of the brain and through the release of hormones secreted in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Correct answer is (C) L.H.

The condition of rivers worldwide is horrific. Everything from industrial chemical-waste to garbage is being thrown into rivers. Melted snow or the rainwater from springs come down from hills and mountains as sweet water for our survival. Polluting this is a crime against humanity.

Strict laws should be made and enforced to stop industrial activity near rivers. Wastes from industry, city, town or village must not reach the river. Only channels of rainwater must be allowed to reach the river. Awareness should be created for maintaining cleanliness along the banks.

In the olden days lakes, water bodies were considered precious and were guarded, Houses had wells. But people have lost the respect for water sources. Rivers are treated as sewage channels. Fines and punishments must be imposed and security put in for safeguarding our beautiful rivers.

D. Both B and C

(D) Both A and B

I am secondary metabolite in plants.I am used as adhesive and binding agent in the preparation of medicines and food. I am Gums. 

Mind – Mapping is an effective tool that helps us capture the logical thinking process that goes on in our mind. It enables us to put pieces of information in the proper slots. The gathered pieces of information then assume a compact and condensed format which can be committed to memory with vividness and clarity. Mind – Mapping also helps generate a stream of creative ideas. The speed and spontaneity of Mind – Mapping proves to be a great advantage during brainstorming sessions.

A. (iii) 

B. (v) 

C. (iv) 

D. (i) 

E. (ii)

A. (v) 

B. (i) 

C. (iv)

D. (ii) 

E. (iii)