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A toaster, or a toast maker, is an electric small appliance designed to toast sliced bread by exposing it to radiant heat, thus converting it into toast.

The most common household toasting appliances are the pop-up toaster and the toaster oven. Bread slices are inserted into slots in the top of a pop-up toaster, which make toast from bread in one to three minutes by using electric heating elements. Toasters have a control to adjust how much the appliance toasts the bread.

Automatic toaster automatically pop out bread slices and the chances of burning the bread is removed.

Correct option is  D) to be able to

Correct option: (c) Electromagnet.

Correct option: (c) nichrome.

Following are the advantages of Automatic Vending Machine: 

1. Large scale retailing 

2. Round the clock buying is possible 

3. Uniform weight 

4.Convenient for customers 

5.Elimination of middleman (any other valid answer) 

OR 

Multiple –Shops 

Advantages of Multiple Shops are: 

(a) Economies of Scale: As there is central procurement, the multiple-shops enjoys the economies of scale. 

(b) Elimination of middlemen: By selling directly to the consumers, the multipleshop organisation is able to eliminate unnecessary middlemen in the sale of goods and services. 

(c) No bad debts: All the sales in theses shops are made on cash basis ,there are no losses on account of bad debts. 

(d) Diffusion of Risk: The losses incurred by one shop may be covered by profits in other shops, reducing the total risk of an organisation.

Correct option: (c) Rectifier

Digital multimeter: is a test equipment which offers several electronic measurement task in one tool. It is also known as the voltmeter or Ohm meter or Volt Ohm meter. The standard and basic measurements performed by multimeter are the measurements of amps, volts, and ohms.

Operation of Digital Multimeter: Install a battery to power it. 

When using the meter it is possible to follow a number of simple steps:

1. Turn the meter on 

2. Insert the probes into the correct connections - this is required because there may be a number of different connections that can be used. 

3. Set switch to the correct measurement type and range for the measurement to be made. When selecting the range, ensure that the maximum range is above that anticipated. The range on the DMM can then be reduced as necessary. However by selecting a range that is too high, it prevents the meter being overloaded. 

4. Optimise the range for the best reading. If possible enable all the leading digits to not read zero, and in this way the greatest number of significant digits can be read. 

5. Once the reading is complete, it is a wise precaution to place the probes into the voltage measurement sockets and turn the range to maximum voltage. In this way if the meter is accidentally connected without thought for the range used, there is little chance of damage to the meter. This may not be true if it left set for a current reading, and the meter is accidentally connected across a high voltage point!

Construction:

Display screen- It has illuminated display screen for better visualization. It has five digits display screen; one represent sign value and the other four are for number representation.

Selection knob-  As we know a single multimeter performs so many tasks like reading voltage, resistance, and current. The selection knob allows the user to select the different job.

Port- There are two ports on the front of the unit. One is the mAVΩ port which allows the measurement of all the three units current up to 200 mA, voltage, and resistance.

probe is plugged into this port. The other is COM port which means common and it normally connected to –ev of a circuit and black probe is plugged into it. There is one particular port is 10A, which is use to measures large current in the circuit.

Correct option: (b) Electronic timer 

Nowadays, distributing brochures to hotels is not enough to stay competitive in the market. Not only being listed in the right distribution channels will assure better exposure for your tour company, but it will also make it more credible. That is the combination you are looking for to increase your profits.

The correct answer is Projectile motion.

• Projectile motion-
  • Projectile motion is the motion of an object thrown or projected into the air, subject to the acceleration of gravity.
  • When a particle is thrown obliquely near the earth’s surface, it starts moving along a curved path under constant acceleration that is directed towards the center of the earth.
  • The path of such particle is called a projectile and the motion is termed projectile motion. 
    • Example: -Motion of a bomb dropped from an airplane is an example of projectile motion.

1. रानमेवा कवीच्या अंगणात उगवला आहे.

2. कवीच्या अंगणात पाखरे दाणे टिपण्यासाठी येतात.

Correct option: (c) 300 μ F

Correct option: (a) Vacuum cleaners 

The correct answer is Reduction.

• Reduction-
  • The reduction is a chemical reaction that involves the gaining of electrons by one of the atoms involved in the chemical reaction.
• Reducing Agent-
  • The reducing agent is a substance that tends to bring about reduction by getting oxidized and losing electrons.
  • Ghee is a pure clarified fat derived from milk and milk products.
  • The main objective during its preparation is the elimination of fats which is achieved by the process of reduction.

Mainly there are two types. 

Synchronous motors. 

a. Plain synchronous motors.

b. Auto synchronous motors. 

A-synchronous motors. 

a. Induction motors. 

1. Single phase motors 

• Shaded pole motor. 

• Capacitor start capacitors run motor. 

• Capacitor start induction’s run motor. 

• Split face motor. 

2. Three phase motors. 

• 3φ single squirrel cage motor. 

• 3φ double squirrel cage motor. 

• Squirrel deep bar induction motor. 

• Slipring induction motor. 

b. Commutator motors. 

1. Single phase commutator motors. 

• Plain repulsion motor. 

• Repulsion start induction’s run motor. 

• Repulsion induction motor. 

• Series motor or universal motor. 

2. 3φ commutator motors. 

• 3φ series motor 

• Charge motor. 

• Compensated motor. 

Concept:

Types of Natural Resources:

Inexhaustible

• Energy resources that are inexhaustible are ones that cannot be depleted in the future.
• Renewable resources are those that are available in an endless quantity and may be used repeatedly.
• For example - Sunlight, Air, Water

Exhaustible 

• Exhaustible energy sources are those that will get depleted after a few hundred years.
• They have a finite supply due to their non-renewable nature.
• Repeated use by human activities will cause their extinction. 

• For example - Coal, petroleum, minerals, forest 

Conclusion:

• wildlife, minerals: Both are exhaustible as both can be exhausted and are limited in stock. 
• sunlight, air: Both are inexhaustible. 
• natural gas, air: Natural gas is exhaustible, air is inexhaustible. 
• sunlight, wildlife: Sunlight is inexhaustible, wildlife is inexhaustible. 

So, the correct option is wildlife, minerals.

Correct option is b. Bullying a classmate in the school corridor.

Correct option is C <OL>

Correct option is c. <h2>

Correct option is B) know

An electrical motor is a machine which converts electrical energy in to mechanical energy. Its action is based on the principle that when a current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a mechanical force whose direction is given by FLEMINGS LEFT hand rule and whose magnitude is given by F=BIL Newton.

The same DC machine can be operated both like a generator as well as motor. So the construction of the machine will be same for both DC motor and DC generator.

Magnetic field inside inside the solenoid 

\(B = \mu_0ni\)

\(∵\) \(n = \frac Nl\)

\(B = \frac{\mu_0Ni}{l}\)

\(B = 4\pi \times 10^{-7} \times \frac{4000}{.50}\times 2\)

\(B = 200960 \times 10^{-7}\)

\(B = 2.0 \times 10^{-2} T\)

Magnetic field at the end of solenoid

\(B_{end} = \frac{\mu_0ni}{2}\)

\(B_{end} = \frac{2.0 \times 10^{-2}}{2}\)

\(B_{end} = 1 \times 10^{-2} T\)

Power 

P = VI

P = 200 x 10

P = 2000 W

P = \(\frac Et\)

E = P.t

E = 2000 x 60

E = 120000 J

E = 120 KJ

Functions of pole core and pole shoe in DC motor: 

1. Pole core basically carries a field winding which is necessary to produce the flux. 

2. It directs the flux produced through air gap to armature core, to the next pole. 

3. Pole shoe enlarges the area of armature core to come across the flux.

Speed control of DC motor implies: 

• By varying the supply voltage 
• By varying the flux, and by varying the current through field winding 
• By varying the armature voltage, and by varying the armature resistance

Skewing can be done by turning the rotor slots about 15° from the parallel position of slots with the shaft.

That is rotor slots are not in parallel with the shaft but there is an angle of about 15° with the shaft.

Correct option: (a) Less than the stator speed

What is kept on the table 

The losses in induction motor are.

a. Stator losses (stator copper losses, stator iron losses). 

b. Rotor losses (rotor copper losses, rotor iron losses). 

c. Windage and friction losses. 

The chemist shop is right next to the hospital.

In squirrel cage induction motor some times the rotor and stator care teeth or slots are comes face to face or parallel at stationary condition. If we are starting the motor at this condition the motor get hesitated to start or run due to the attraction developed between those rotor and stator teeth or slots. This is known as the magnetic locking or cogging effect of a squirrel cage induction motor. This type of magnetic locking in squirrel cage induction motor can be avoided either by skewing the rotor slot or by selecting the rotor slot, such that there is no common factor between the rotor slot and stator slots.  

The speed control methods of induction motor are.

a. By controlling the supply voltage. 

b. By controlling the supply frequency (Ns = 120f / P). 

c. By varying the number of poles (Ns = 120f / P). 

d. By rotor rheostatic control (for small speed variation).

a. Direct on line starter (air break) mechanically. 

b. Direct on line starter (air break or oil immersed) electrically. 

c. Star delta starter. 

d. Slipring motor starter. 

e. Auto transformer starter.

Correct option: (c) interchanging the brush leads 

Correct option: (c) which can operate on ac as well as dc voltage

a. At the time of starting motor starting current is high (4 to 5 times). Therefore if motor is directly started the supply voltage may be disturb. 

b. By the help of starters starting and stopping of motors can be made easily as we required. Because starters provides overload tripping difficulties. 

c. The help of starters can protect motor against the single phasing by the action of overload arrangements. 

d. Protect the motor from no-voltage and its difficulties. 

e. Permits automatic control when required.

The correct answer is RAM.

• Random-access memory is a form of computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code.
• A random-access memory device allows data items to be read or written in almost the same amount of time irrespective of the physical location of data inside the memory.
• In contrast, with other direct-access data storage media such as hard disks, CD-RWs, DVD-RWs, and the older magnetic tapes and drum memory, the time required to read and write data items varies significantly depending on their physical locations on the recording medium, due to mechanical limitations such as media rotation speeds and arm movement.

• An EPROM, or erasable programmable read-only memory, is a type of programmable read-only memory chip that retains its data when its power supply is switched off. 
• Read-only memory is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices.
• Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified after the manufacture of the memory device. 

The correct answer is Unorganised Sector Workers.

• Targeted section of Atal Pension Scheme in India is Unorganised Sector Workers.
  • Atal Pension Yojana  (APY) is a government-backed pension scheme, primarily targeted at the unorganised sector.
  • It is a social security scheme to provide a defined pension between Rs 1,000 to Rs 5,000.
  • It aims of delivering old age income security particularly to the workers in the unorganised sector with a guarantee of minimum pension after 60 years of age.

• Atal Pension Yojana:
  • Date of Launching 9th May 2015.
  • Launched By Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
  • Regulatory Body Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA).
  • Under Department Department of Financial Services, Government of India.
• Eligibility for Atal Pension Yojana:
  • Atal Pension Yojana (APY) is open to those who are not a member of any statutory social security scheme.
  • Any individual aged between 18 years to 40 years and have a bank account are eligible for the scheme.
  • He/She will have to provide proof of possession along with their Aadhaar number or must undergo Aadhaar authentication.
  • The subscriber should get their Aadhaar number recorded in the APY pension account as well as in their savings account.
  • Providing of the Aadhar number is important for the debit of the contribution instalments and for the credit of government co-contribution. 

The applications of synchronous motor are.

a. These motors are used in powerhouses, in sub stations for the improvement of power factor by connecting it in parallel to the supply and it is run without load under over excitation of field. 

b. Used in big industries where many induction motors are installed to improve the power factor. 

c. Used for constant mechanical loads. 

The main features of the EFRS are:

a) Sanction Orders (funds sanctioned for release by the Centre taking into account the approved Labour Budget and the Opening Balance of the State) would be issued twice a year i.e. on April 1st and November 1st each year.

b) For each State, a level of Minimum Fund Assured (MFA), [which is a 14-day average expenditure arrived at after due historical and seasonal considerations] would be worked out. Funds available at SEGF would be maintained at this level all the time.

c) As and when MFA is breached, further releases would be made electronically and within 24 hours to replenish the SEGF so that the fund is maintained at the level of MFA.

d) NREGASoft generates a daily statement showing the current amount in the SEGF vis-à-vis the MFA.

The characteristics of DC motor shows the relation between armature current (I_a), speed (N) and torque (T). 

a. Torque and armature current characteristics. It is also known as electrical characteristics. 

b. Speed and armature current characteristics. 

c. Speed and torque characteristics. 

Induced emf in the armature E = P * φ * Z * N / A * 60 volts. 

Where Z and A are constant. 

N ∝ E_b / φ 

N ∝ V – I_a r_a / φ.

We can consider that the I_a r_a drop is very small and there by in the place of V – I_a r_a we can consider only V. If it so then N ∝ V/ φ.

So speed may be varied by varying either applied voltage to the armature and by varying field flux or field strength per pole or total field flux.

The losses in DC motor are same as that of DC generator. They are copper losses, magnetic losses and mechanical losses. 

Under EFRS States have to confirm the following: 

a) No amount would be parked in any account other than SEGF/e-FMS accounts at the State level as designated by the State. 

b) No release will be made from the SEGF/e-FMS account except as per an electronic Fund Transfer Order (FTO). 

c) Bank accounts holding MGNREGA resources shall be reconciled at regular intervals.

Yes. Initially, workers to be facilitated to bring their tools and implements. If not then these may be arranged by Panchayats/ SHGs. The expenses for this purpose can be booked under material expenditure.

The types of DC motor starter.

a. DC two-point starter for series motor. 

b. DC three point starter for shunt motor. 

c. DC four point starter for compound motor. 

Circle ‘s’ and ‘shun’ hook is used to represent Association in advanced phraseography.

‘N’ hook is used to represent Any two – on, than, own, been in advanced phraseography.

• To enable the States/UTs in augmenting human resources and developing capacity for critical activities Central Government provides up to 6 per cent of the total expenditure on MGNREGA in a FY as administrative expenses. This Central financial assistance is provided to States/ UTs under section 22 (1) (c) of the MGNREGA. State governments are advised to supplement this, if required, for effective implementation of the Provisions of MGNREGA.
• The 6 per cent cap on administrative expenses operates at the State level and at least onethird of this 6 per cent should be utilised at the Gram Panchayat level to employ and pay the Gram Rozgar Sahayak, other technical personnel as per the work done and for other administrative expenses.
• For accounting convenience, the administrative expenses portion may be kept in a separate bank account at State, district or block levels.