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First law The mass ions liberated at an electrode are directly proportional to the quantity of electricity (coulomb Q) which has passed through the electrolyte. That is M∝Q or M∝I t. 

And M = Z I t.

Where Z is electro chemical equivalent. 

Second law:If the same quantity of electricity passes through several electrolyte the masses of the ions liberated are proportional to their respective chemical equivalent. 

i) Training: Development of training modules and materials, organisation of training programmes for officials, PRIs and Village Monitoring Committee members, training need assessment, impact assessment of training programmes, exposure visits etc.

ii) Information Education Communication (IEC) activities: Preparation and dissemination of IEC material, community mobilisation, use of media and local cultural forms, household contact programmes etc.

iii) MIS: Collection of data and its e-processing, report generation and transmission.

iv) Quality Management: Deployment of quality monitors at State, district and block level and associated expenses of training for quality

v) Setting up of grievance redress system: Setting up of helplines, recruitment of ombudsmen and disposal of grievances.

vi) Professional/technical services: Hiring or engaging professional services for smooth operation of IEC, Training, MIS, monitoring and supervision and grievance redressal system.

vii) Operational expenses: Office expenses related to the implementation of MGNREGA and stationery pertaining to computational processes/MIS, transportation and conveyance charges.

viii) ICT facilities in GPs: Provision of latest ICT facilities in the Bharat Nirman Rajiv Gandhi Sewa Kendras (BNRGSK) at GP level.

ix) Additional Staff deployment: Expenses incurred on additional dedicated staff to MGNREGA in key functional areas of the scheme and at the GP/block/district levels as per guidelines issued by the Ministry of Rural Development from time to time.

x) Social Audits: Expenditure incurred towards organising social audits.

xi) Worksite Facilities: Charges towards worksite facilities viz. drinking water, aaya, shade for children and periods of rest and first aid box with adequate material for emergency treatment for minor injury and health hazards in connection with the works performed under the Act.

xii) Evaluation and Research: Conduct of relevant studies including evaluation studies and action research.

xiii) Contingency Expenditure: The following activities can be booked under the contingency expenditure head:

a. Ex-gratia Payment: Payment made to an MGNREGA worker in case of death or permanent disability due to accident while working under the programme. 

b. Medical Treatment: Charges towards medical treatment to a worker in case of personal injury during the course of his/her employment under the scheme.

c. Hospitalisation: Expenditure towards hospitalisation viz. accommodation, treatment, medicines and payment of daily allowance not less than half of the wage rate, in case hospitalisation of an injured worker becomes necessary for a person who gets injured during the course of his/her employment on MGNREGA works.

1. Reserve Bank (Stroke B is used as Intersection) 

2. Low Valuation (Stroke V is used as Intersection) 

3. Professor of Music (Stroke P and R hook is used as Intersection)

The following items are not allowed under the administrative costs of MGNREGA: 

a. Purchase of vehicles and repair of old vehicles. 

b. Civil works. 

c. Salaries/ remuneration of functionaries already engaged by the Government/ PRIs/ any other implementing agency. 

d. Material procurement for works.

The Correct option is D. 360°

In writing “Form of Agreement”: Stroke F is used as intersecting the ‘agree’ but in “agreement form” stroke F is used as intersecting ‘ment’

R (Upward) is employed to represent: require, required, requirement and railway

As per the provisions in Section 27(2) of MGNREGA, the Central Government may, on receipt of any complaint regarding lack of effective implementation of the provisions of the Act or regarding the improper utilisation of funds granted under this Act, order an investigation into the complaint and if necessary, shall order stoppage of release of funds to the scheme if no appropriate remedial measures are instituted for proper implementation within a reasonable period of time as defined by the Central Government.

The Correct option is C. tangent

Standard Operating Procedure is a set of written instructions that documents a routine or repetitive activity followed by an organization.

The model will have an F1 score of one if it has to be 100% accurate.

The Correct option is B. center

Various types of charts available in Excel, which can be used to prepare his presentation :

(a) Bar Chart 

(b) Line Chart 

(c) Pie Chart 

(d) Area chart etc.

The Correct option is C. 1.83 rad

The two techniques of Visual Merchandising are:

Visual Merchandising builds upon or augments the retail design of a store. It is one of the final stages in setting out a store in a way customer finds attractive and appealing.

Visual merchandising is the activity and profession of developing floor plans and two or three dimensional display in order to maximise sales. It is the creation of an attractive visual image to induce the customer to buy from a certain retail outlet. But in fact window display is only a very small part of visual merchandise .It deals with the entire image presented by retail outlet to the customers .They can communicate style, content, and price. Display window can also be used to advertise seasonal sales or inform passers-by of other current promotions.

The Elements are

1. Balance: Asymmetrical rather than symmetrical balance with the display. 

2. Size of Objects-Place the largest object into display first. 

3.Color: Helps set mood and feelings. 

4. Focal Point: Where product and props/signage and background come together. 

5.Lighting: Should accent focal point, if possible. 

6.Simplicity: Less is more so know when to stop and don't add too many items.

Transformer is a static device by which AC power at one voltage in one circuit will be transformed into AC power of same frequency at another (decreased or increased voltage) or same voltage to an another circuit, which is in mutual inductive influence with the previous circuit and it is based on mutual electro magnetic induction

Correct answer is c) Quantity 

D. in same direction

The Correct option is A. 57.3°

A. conical pendulum

Correct option is B) opportunity

Efficiency of an alternator depends on its load power factor for a given load. As the power factor decreases I_a increases and the copper losses increases and thus efficiency decreases. The efficiency for given load is maximum only when the power factor is unity and it decreases as the power factor fall. 

Synchroscope is an instrument, which shows the phase relationship of emf of the incoming alternator and at the same time it also indicates whether it is running slow or fast. This instrument works on the principle of rotating magnetic fields. It consists of a small motor with rotor and stator. Both wound for two phase. A potential transformer connected to two of the main bus-bar give supply to the stator ‘A’ winding and another potential transformer of same type connected to the corresponding terminals on the incoming machine supply to the stator ‘B’ winding. The rotor rotates if the stator resultant flux in the ‘A’ and ‘B’ is different and the exact time of synchronizing is the stand still position of the rotor. That means the both the voltages in winding ‘A’ and ‘B’ are same and there is no resultant flux to rotate the rotor. The speed of the rotor depends on the frequency of the alternator and is too fast when alternator (incoming machine) speed is more and less when alternator is too slow.

The methods of synchronizing are given below.

a. Lamp method. 

Dark lamp method and bright lamp method. 

b. Synchroscope method.  

Mainly there are three types of charging of battery.

a. Constant current charging system. 

In this system the charging current is kept to constant by varying the supplied DC voltage by the help of rheostat or filament lamps in series with the battery, so as to over come the increased back emf of the battery or of the cell.

Charging current = V – Eb / R + r amps. 

b. Constant voltage or potential charging. 

In this system the voltage is kept to constant, so the charging current in the beginning will be high when the back emf or counter emf of the battery is low and current will be small when the back or counter emf increases as the battery gets charge. 

c. Trickle charging system. 

The continuous charging of a battery at a very low rate for keeping the battery ready in good working condition is called the trickle charging. This is to maintain the losses occurring at the idle period. The value of the trickle charging current is approximately 2% of the full charging current of the battery

Losses in alternators are same as DC generator and they are as follows.

a. Copper losses include following losses 

Armature copper losses (I_a ² r_a). 

Field copper losses (I_fe ² r_f). 

Losses in brush. 

b. Stray losses are as follows Magnetic losses (Iron loss or core loss and pole shoes loss). 

Mechanical losses includes bearing friction, slip ring friction and friction due to windage.

The advantages of stranded cables.

a. It gives flexibility. 

b. It prevents skin effect. 

c. Increases current carrying capacity. 

d. It provides easy in soldering joint. 

e. If one strand breaks the other will carry the load current.

Whenever a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field, a mechanical force will be acts upon that conductor and the conductor tends to rotate, if it is arranged freely to rotate. This rotation is due to the turning or twisting force acted on that conductor. This turning or twisting movement of a force about an axis is called torque ‘T’. 

T = force * radius Newton-meter.

Work done per revolution = force * distance covered in one revolution. 

∴ Work done per revolution = force * 2πr.

Work done per second = force * 2πr N (r.p.s) 

Work done per second = 2π N T (äT = F * r) 

So power developed in metric horsepower is equal to force 2πNT/735.5 hp. 

A control room is a room serving as an operation center where a facility or service can be monitored and controlled.

New Old Stock

Name the term New Old Stock used in business to refer to merchandise being offered for sale that was manufactured long ago but that has never been used.

The stroke ‘J’ is employed to represent Journal in forming intersection.

In transformer, there are losses due to,

1. Resistance of the winding (copper losses). 

2. Eddy current and Hysterisis in the iron parts and core (core and iron losses) 

3. Losses due to leakage reactance (leakage flux). 

At No load the copper losses and leakage flux losses are negligible due to the very less primary current.

 At loaded condition copper losses and leakage flux losses will exist in cosiderable manner. Copper losses are variable and can be calculated by I_p ² *r_p and I_s ² *r_s.

Correct option is D) chance

Usually the width of the brush is equal to the two segments of the commutator. Whenever a brush contacts two or more commutator segments, the connected to those segments are short-circuited. After the period of short-circuiting the current on those coils changes their current direction in it. The change that takes place in the coil after the period of short-circuiting of that coil is called commutation. 

When that changes take place slowly, that commutation is known as smooth commutation and when that changes take place suddenly, that commutation is known as rough commutation. 

If the commutation is not smooth, the spark may be more and that will damage the commutator surface, commutator segments and so the winding. The remedies for rough commutation are resistance commutation method and emf commutation method. 

A motor is a machine, which takes electrical energy and converts that electrical energy into mechanical energy. 

DC motor works under the principle, that whenever a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field, a mechanical force will be acts upon that conductor and the conductor tends to rotate, if it is arranged freely to rotate.

The direction of the force or rotation can be determine by “Fleming’s left hand rule”  

There are three main characteristics of DC generator and they are, 

a. No load saturation characteristics or OCC or magnetic characteristics (E₀/If). 

b. Internal or total characteristics (E/I_a). 

c. External characteristics (V/I). 

Always maximum flux reaches from zero to maximum in one quarter of the cycle. 

That is in … of second. That is equal to 1/200 second.

Average rate of change of flux = Q_m / … f. 

= Qm * 4 * f. = 4 f Q_m Weber / second.

As the coil has N turns the average emf induced in the coil = 4 f Q_m N volts. 

But the rms. Value = average value * form factor. 

∴ rms. Value of emf = 1.11 * 4 f Q_m N volts. 

= 4.44 f Q_m N volts. 

emf = P * φ * Z * N / A * 60 Where, 

φ = Flux per pole in Weber. 

Z = Total number of armature conductors. 

P = Number of poles. 

A = Number of parallel paths in armature. 

N = Speed in rpm. 

emf = emf generated in one parallel path and it is the emf generated of that generator.

For a wave wound generator there are only two (2) parallel paths in the armature. In such cases A=2 and in lap wave wound armature parallel paths is equal to the number of poles in the armature winding.  

(1) Property: means assets, machinery, equipment, furniture, fixtures and fittings, electrical installations and stock and stock-in-trade in the Insureds premises described in the Schedule to this Policy including items contained therein for which the Insured is accountable. 

(2) Period of Insurance: means the period between the commencement date and the expiry date shown in the Schedule. 

(3) Robbery: means the theft of contents at the insured premises using unforeseen, aggressive and violent means against the insured and / or their employees.

Risk is associated with everything that we do or are involved in. Significance of General insurance:

1. Improve the quality of life of a person.

2. Covers Business Losses and Personal Losses 

3. Covers practically all losses arising out of risks except life of person. 

4. A peaceful mind and life of person

‘B’ Consonant is used to represent Billion in figures in Shorthand.

The monetary unit of pounds is represented ‘Half Length P and NS circle’.

Initial ‘com’ is represented by an initial ‘dot’ in the Beginning of a stroke.

Correct option: (ii) For Ing

Correct option: (iii) Recognition