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The weight of a football is from 14 ounce to 16 ounce arid its diameter is 27 to 28 inches.

The weight of air in a football is 0.6007 or 9.01505 pound per square inch.

The goal posts are 8 yards in length and 8 feet in breadth.

This distance should be 10 yards.

The AX, BX, CX and DX are the general purpose 16-bit register. 

(i) AX is used as 16-bit accumulator. 

 AX ->AH (For higher 8-bit)

AL (For lower 8-bit)

(ii) BX-> Serve as base register for the computation of memory address. 

(iii) CX-> Used as counter in case of multi-iteration . 

(iv) DX-> used for memory addressing when the data are transferred between i/o port and memory using certain i/o instruction.

When the ball goes out of the ground and the player of the opposite team throws the ball in from that very placg it is called throw-in.

The game of football starts with a pass of ball.

The time for a football game is 45-5-45 minutes.

There are two schemes for allocation of addresses memories and input and output device :

a. I/O mapped I/O scheme 

b. Memory mapped I/O schem

A. True Oxygen consumption is directly related to metabolic rate. 

B. False This rises more slowly than metabolic rate because tissue O₂ extraction increases. 

C. False Since heart rate rises, stroke volume does not rise in proportion to metabolic rate. 

D. False This is little changed. 

E. True This rises proportionately more than metabolic rate. 

A. True In both cases, glucose absorption is blocked by phlorhizin. 

B. False In both, these follow passively the absorption of sodium. 

C. True Again the process requires active absorption of sodium. 

D. True Both expend considerable energy. 

E. True The two types of cell have very similar functions.

Pointer and index register:- 

(i) The Pointer IP,BP and SP usually contain in offset within the code and stack (Back SP and BP ) segment. 

(ii) The index register are used as general purpose register as well as for offset storage in case of indexed. 

(iii)The register SI is generally used to store the offset of source data segment while the register Di used to store the offset of destination in data or extra segment. 

The index register are particularly useful for string manipulation. 

SP- Stack Pointer 

BP-Back Pointer 

SI- Source Index 

DI-Destination Index 

IP- Index Pointer

Six flags are fixed in a football game. Four of them are fixed at the corners of the ground and two are fixed at the end of the centre line at a distance of one yard each.

A. False One mole of any ion in solution exerts one osmole of osmotic pressure. 

B. True Because calcium is divalent. 

C. False A normal solution has one equivalent weight of ion per litre. 

D. True This is the atomic weight in grams. 

E. True 1 osmole of a substance in 1 litre of water depresses the freezing point by 1.86°C.

A. False Volume expands as blood shifts from veins in the lower extremities to the chest. 

B. True A reflex response to an increased central blood volume. 

C. True Apical perfusion increases during recumbency. 

D. True Due to vascular distension in the lungs and pushing up of the diaphragm. 

E. False An increase in central blood volume results in increased urine formation.

Segment register:- 

CODE SEGMENT:- 

It is used for addressing a memory location in the code segment of the memory ,where the executable programmable is stored. 

DATA SEGMENT:- 

Data segment register points the data segment memory ,Where the data is reside. 

EXTRA SEGMENT:- 

It also refers to a segment which essentially is another data segment of the memory. So extra segment also contains data. 

STACK SEGMENT:- 

It is used for addressing stack segment of Memory i.e. memory which is used to store stacks data. It may be noted that all these segments are the logical segment .They may or may not be physically separated.

Status Flags:- 

The 8086 has a 16 bit flag register 

(a) Condition code or status flags:- 

• It is the lower byte of a 16 bit status flag register.
• It contains sign flag, zero flag, auxiliary carry flag, Parity flag and overflow flag. 

(b) Machine cycle:- 

• It is the higher byte of 16 bit status flag register. 
• It contains directional flag, Trap flag, Interrupt flag etc.

(1) Carry Flag:- The flag register is set to 1 when there is unsigned overflow. When there is no overflow this flag is set 0. 

(2) Parity Flag:- The flag is set to be 1 when there is even no. of one bits in result and it 0 when there is odd no. of one bits. 

(3) Auxiliary Flag:- Set to be 1 when there is an unsigned overflow for low nibble (4 bits). 

(4) Zero Flag:- Set to be 1 when result is zero, for non-zero results this flag is set to 0. 

(5) Sign Flag:- Set to 1 when result is negative, when result is positive it is set to 0. 

(6) Trap Flag:- It is set; the processor enters the single step execution mode or a trap interrupt generated after execution of each instruction. 

(7) Direction Flag:- This is used string manipulation instruction D=0, then the string is processed beginning from lower address to the higher address. D=1, then the string is processed beginning higher address to the lower address. 

(8) Interrupt Flag:- This flag is set, the mask able interrupt recognized by the CPU otherwise they are ignored.

(9) Overflow Flag:- This flag is set, if an overflow occurs i.e. if the result signed operation is large enough to accommodate in a destination register.

(i) The instruction pointer in 8086 acts as Program counter. 

(ii) It points to the address of the next instruction to be executed .it’s content is automatically incremented when the execution of program proceed further.

Addressing Modes :

Addressing modes are an asset of the instruction set architecture in most CPU designs. The various addressing modes that are defined in a given instruction set architecture define how machine language instructions in that architecture identity the operand of each instruction. An addressing mode specifies how to calculate the effective memory address of an operand by using information held in register and/or constants contained within machine instruction or elsewhere. 

For 8085 there are five addressing modes. 

They are:

(i) DIRECT ADDRESSING MODE

In type of addressing mode the address of the operand or the data is given to the instruction itself. This type of mode is used to accept data from outside devices to store the data in the accumulator and send the data stored in the accumulator to the output devices. 

E.g. IN 02 (to accept the data from the port 02h and store the same in the accumulator) 

OUT 01H (send the data from the accumulator to the output port) 

LHLD address (load H-L pair direct.)

(ii) REGISTER ADDRESSING MODE 

In type of addressing mode the address is provided through the registers. Here the operand is GPR. 

E.g. MOV Rd,Rs (move a copy of data from the source register to the destination register) 

ADD B (add the content of b to the accumulator and the value is stored in the accumulator) 

INR C (Increment the value of the register c by 1) 

(iii) REGISTER INDIRECT ADDRESSING MODE

In type of addressing mode the address of the operand or the data is specified by a pair of register before the execution of the instruction itself. Here the address of the memory is not directly given in the instruction. The address of the memory resides in H-L pair and this has been already specified in an earlier instruction. 

E.g. LXI H, 8175; MOV B, M (move the data from memory specified by H-l pair to the register b)

LXI H, 8763; ADD M (Add the content of memory specified of the H-L pair to the accumulator)  

(iv) IMMEDIATE ADDRESSING MODE

in type of addressing mode the data is directly associated in the instruction itself. It loads immediate data to the destination provided in the instruction. 

E.g. MVI r. D8 (move an 8 it data directly to the register) 

ADI 62H (add 62 to the accumulator content and store the result in the accumulator) 

JMP address, JC address, CPI D8.

(v) IMPLICIT ADDRESSING MODE 

There are certain instruction which are operated on the content of the accumulator. These types of construction don’t require any address of the operand.

Eg. CMA (it finds the 1’s compliment of the data present in the accumulator and stores in accumulator)

RAL (rotate the content of accumulator left through carry) 

RRC (rotate the content of accumulator right without carry) 

Instruction can be categorized in 3 parts: 

1) One-byte instruction/ one word instruction 

2) Two-byte instruction/two word instruction 

3) Three-byte instruction/three word instruction

ONE BYTE INSTRUCTION: 

This type of instruction requires one memory location. The 8 bit or 1 byte instruction code is called as opcodes that uniquely identifies the instruction. If the instruction is one byte then the timing diagram has only one machine cycle i.e. opcode fetch cycle. it has only one opcode. 

EX- CMA; MOV A,B; ADD C; SUB D; RLC .

TWO BYTE INSTRUCTION:

In this kind of instruction, the first byte is for the opcode and the second byte is for the operand or the code associated with the memory address. such instructions are stored in two consecutive memory locations. if the instruction is two byte, then it requires two machine cycle. The first machine cycle is for opcode fetch and the second machine cycle is either for memory read/memory write i/o read or i/o write. 

EX: MVI B,62; ADI 58; ORI 43; IN 89.

THREE BYTE INSTRUCTION: 

In this type of instruction, the first byte is for opcode and the second and third byte is for an operand code associated with the memory address. Such instructions are stored in 3 consecutive memory locations. If the instruction is of three bytes, then it requires three machine cycles. The first machine cycle is for opcode fetch and the second and third machine cycle is either for memory read/memory write I/O read or I/O write. 

EX: LDA 8062; LXI H, 8057; JMP 7809.

Intel 8085 handles 8 bit of data as it is an 8 bit microprocessor. It is designed to process 8 bit of data at a time. If a 16 bit data has to be stored then they are stored in consecutive memory locations. 

There are various ways to specify data for an instruction: 

• 8 bit or 16 bit data may be directly given in the instruction. 

E.g. ADI 07H, LXI 7051H etc. 

• The address of the memory location or I/O devices may be given in the instruction itself. 

Ex LDA 8582H, IN 02H etc. 

• In some instructions only one register is specified. 

Ex ADD B 

• In some instructions we write two registers. 

Ex MOV D,E 

• In some instructions the data is implicit or implied. 

Ex CMA, RRC, RAL.

1. Every microprocessor has a different of instruction data format. The instruction format of each microprocessor depends upon its address, data and control bus. 

2. Every instruction contains an operand and an opcode. 

3. In typical microprocessor is organized in 8 bits, each of which has unique memory location in the physical memory. Each memory is specified by a 16 bit hexadecimal address. 

4. Data is stored in the memory as 8 bit binary number arrangement of 8 bits of a stored data s shown below: 

5. Instruction stored in first byte must be the opcode.

A Checkpoint is like a snapshot of the DBMS state. By taking checkpoints, the DBMS can reduce the amount of work to be done during restart in the event of subsequent crashes.

SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE Grade >= 90;

The microprocessor performs operations by accepting instructions from the user. Every program consists of a sequence of instructions. The commands of n instruction set are called ‘mnemonics’. A command is understood by the CPU only when it is converted into equivalent single byte hexadecimal opcodes with or without one-byte or two byte data or address. 

An instruction consists of:- 

1. Opcode (operational code) 

2. Operand(Operational End)

The correct answer is IBM.

• IBM
  • The IBM Personal Computer is the first computer released in the IBM PC model.
  • It was released on August 12, 1981, and was created by a team of engineers and designers directed by Don Estridge in Boca Raton, Florida.
  • The majority of modern personal computers are distant descendants of the IBM PC.
  • IBM sold the PC division to Lenovo in 2005.

• It focuses on the links between the mind, the brain and the immune system. 
• It studies the effects of stress on the immune system.

• Life skills – abilities for adaptive and positive behaviour that enable individuals to deal effectively with challenges of everyday life 
• Assertiveness, Time Management, Rational Thinking, Improving Relationships, Self-care, Overcoming Unhelpful Habits 

System Software

The correct answer is System Software.

• An operating system is a group of software that controls the transmission of data and instructions.
• It acts as a bridge between hardware and software and is a software component of a computer.
• With the help of this, the programs installed in the computer run.​

Some of the major types of Operating System-

• Multi-user Operating System-
  • This operating system allows multiple users to work together.
  • Hundreds of users can do their jobs at a time on this operating system.
• Single-user Operating System-
  • In contrast, the Single-User Operating System allows only one user to work at a time.
  • Many users cannot work on this operating system at the same time.
• Major Operating System Name Windows OS, Mac OS, Linux OS, Ubuntu, etc.

• Hostile aggression: directed at inflicting injury;  
• Proactive aggression: dominating and bullying others without provocation

The correct answer is ​Online gaming.

Online gaming is not a cybercrime.

• Spoofing is, in general, fraudulent or malicious behavior. 
  • In which communication is sent from an unknown source that displays to the receiver as a known source (Known Source). 
  • Spoofing is most prevalent in a communication system that lacks a high level of security.
  • Just as hacking is called a hacker, spoofing is called a spoofer.
• "Fishing" is a common form of Internet piracy.
  • It is used to steal the user's personal and confidential information such as bank account numbers, net banking passwords, etc.
  • The fraudster then uses this information to withdraw money from the accounts of the affected persons or to pay the bills with the credit cards of the affected persons.
• Cyberstalking is a crime under various state anti, slander, and harassment laws.
• Online gaming describes any video game that offers online interactions with other players

ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC UNIT (ALU) 

• An ALU is a combinational circuit that performs arithmetic and logical operation on the data stored in accumulator. 

• Results of operation by ALU are placed back in the accumulator. 

• Typical operations performed by ALU includes add, shift/rotate, compare, increment, decrement, AND, OR, XOR, complement, clear, pre-set etc. 

• Apart from performing these operation, ALU also contains important information about certain conditions that occur during these mathematical operation.

• These conditions i.e. occurrence of carry, borrow, zero, negative or even parity results are stored in register called flag register and the individual bits are called flag bits. 

• The number of bits is the most important factor determining the capabilities of the processor. Hence the size of ALU defines the size of the microprocessor.

SQL stands for Structured Query Language, and is the most important data processing language in use today. It is not a complete programming language like Java or C#, but a data sublanguage used for creating and processing database data and metadata. All DBMS products today use SQL.

(1) Multivalued dependencies, 

(2) Functional dependencies, 

(3) Candidate keys, 

(4) Primary keys and 

(5) Foreign keys.

While working at IBM, E.F. Codd created the relational database model. A paper he published in 1970 presented his ideas to the world at large. His work is the foundation for most of the DBMSs currently in use, and thus forms the basis for database systems as we know and use them today.

C. Globalization

Tables that are normalized contain data that has been distributed among the tables, but which may need to be recombined to answer queries from an application. To recombine the data, the programmer will have to use subqueries and/or joins. These SQL structures are more complex to write than a simple SELECT statement.

In addition to the users' data, a database contains a description of its own structure. This descriptive data is called "metadata."

Iron and steel industry.

Ryotwari system

The multivalue, multicolumn problem occurs when a table is designed to include multiple columns that hold variations of one type of attribute data. One example is where boat owners have the names of their boats stored as BOAT_01, BOAT_02 and BOAT_03.

DBMS stands for Database Management System. A DBMS receives requests from applications and translates those requests into actions on a specific database. A DBMS processes SQL statements or uses other functionality to create, process and administer databases.