100525 + Interview Questions in GENERAL QA IN GENERAL AWARENESS

1.	Business ethics deals primarily with a) social responsibility b) moral obligation c) the pricing of products d) being unfair to the competition
Answer» Correct answer is b) moral obligation

Discussion

2.	what are some of the causes of mitral stenosis
Answer» Rheumatic heart disease Libman's sacks endocarditis Endocardial fibroelasticosis Congenital parachute mitral valve

Discussion

3.	Amount of water a soil can hold against pull of gravity is calledA. Field capacityB. Gravitational waterC. Storage waterD. Hygroscopic water
Answer» Correct Answer - A (A) Amount of water a soil can hold against pull of gravity is called field capacity.

Discussion

4.	Microbial growth kinetics- Cell growth includes increase in its number. A typical bacterial growth curve is shown in the figure belowGrowth kinetics is an autocatalytic reaction which implies that the rate of growth is directly proportional to the concentration of cell.Doubling time which is the time taken by the population to double through one round of cell division is inversely related to specific growth rate. a. In the microbial growth curve depicted above (Diagram 1), in which phase is the microbial cell specific growth rate calculated (from phases AB/BC/CD/DE)? What is this phase called? b. Refer to Table 1 and calculate the generation time and specific growth rate constant of a bacterial population in which the number of bacteria increases from 104 cells /ml to 107 cells /ml during four hours of exponential growth.OR Management of DiabetesInsulin delivery is still the most effective method of pharmacotherapy in cases of extremely high hyperglycemia. The production process has been divided into several stages as depicted below in the flow chart:At each stage of insulin production, qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed to confirm identity and purity of the desired protein.a. In a fermentation medium depicted above, few workers processed clear broth for the production of desired protein, but were unable to get any yield. What could be the possible reason for this?b. How is the outcome of the process affected if the number of processing steps are reduced while obtaining pure protein from the fermentation medium?c. Which type (recombinant insulin or cattle derived insulin) will be produced in the above depicted flow chart? d. Name a metabolite which is produced using clear broth rather than cell mass. e. How is crude protein different from the desired protein?
Answer» a. The phase in which microbial cell specific growth rate is calculated is BC. Log phase b. n = 3.3 (log10⁷ -log10⁴ ) 3.3(3) = 10 t = 240/10 = 24 min Specific Growth rate constant = 0.693/1440 = 4.8x10 ^-4 /s OR a. The recombinant insulin is intracellular and to isolate it , we need to rupture the cells as broth will be lacking the recombinant insulin. b. Minimizing steps: Cost effective/ less denaturation of protein /higher yield. c. Recombinant insulin d. Antibiotics(term) /any example of antibiotics e. Crude protein will have number of unwanted proteins which needs to purified.

4.

Microbial growth kinetics- Cell growth includes increase in its number. A typical bacterial growth curve is shown in the figure belowGrowth kinetics is an autocatalytic reaction which implies that the rate of growth is directly proportional to the concentration of cell.Doubling time which is the time taken by the population to double through one round of cell division is inversely related to specific growth rate. a. In the microbial growth curve depicted above (Diagram 1), in which phase is the microbial cell specific growth rate calculated (from phases AB/BC/CD/DE)? What is this phase called? b. Refer to Table 1 and calculate the generation time and specific growth rate constant of a bacterial population in which the number of bacteria increases from 104 cells /ml to 107 cells /ml during four hours of exponential growth.OR Management of DiabetesInsulin delivery is still the most effective method of pharmacotherapy in cases of extremely high hyperglycemia. The production process has been divided into several stages as depicted below in the flow chart:At each stage of insulin production, qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed to confirm identity and purity of the desired protein.a. In a fermentation medium depicted above, few workers processed clear broth for the production of desired protein, but were unable to get any yield. What could be the possible reason for this?b. How is the outcome of the process affected if the number of processing steps are reduced while obtaining pure protein from the fermentation medium?c. Which type (recombinant insulin or cattle derived insulin) will be produced in the above depicted flow chart? d. Name a metabolite which is produced using clear broth rather than cell mass. e. How is crude protein different from the desired protein?

Answer»

a. The phase in which microbial cell specific growth rate is calculated is BC. Log phase

b. n = 3.3 (log10⁷ -log10⁴ )

3.3(3) = 10

t = 240/10 = 24 min

Specific Growth rate constant = 0.693/1440 = 4.8x10 ^-4 /s

OR

a. The recombinant insulin is intracellular and to isolate it , we need to rupture the cells as broth will be lacking the recombinant insulin.

b. Minimizing steps: Cost effective/ less denaturation of protein /higher yield.

c. Recombinant insulin

d. Antibiotics(term) /any example of antibiotics

e. Crude protein will have number of unwanted proteins which needs to purified.

Discussion

5.	a. How are the hybridoma cells selected from the culture of B-cells and Myeloma cells while fusing them in hybridoma technology?b. Which monoclonal antibody is used to treat early stages of breast cancer and how does it work?
Answer» a. Using HAT medium b. Monoclonal antibody which is used to treat early stages of breast cancer is Herceptin (trastuzumab). It works by attaching itself to HER2 receptors by blocking them from receiving the growth signals.

5.

a. How are the hybridoma cells selected from the culture of B-cells and Myeloma cells while fusing them in hybridoma technology?b. Which monoclonal antibody is used to treat early stages of breast cancer and how does it work?

Answer»

a. Using HAT medium

b. Monoclonal antibody which is used to treat early stages of breast cancer is Herceptin (trastuzumab).

It works by attaching itself to HER2 receptors by blocking them from receiving the growth signals.

Discussion

6.	In Collembola, hook like structure is present on abdominal segment 3 that is known as. a. Collophore b. Retinaculum c. Furcula d. None
Answer» b. Retinaculum

Discussion

7.	Would you like to choose an exonuclease enzyme while producing a recombinant DNA molecule?
Answer» No, as exonuclease acts on the free ends of linear DNA molecule. Therefore, instead of producing DNA fragments with sticky ends, it will shorten or completely degrade the DNA fragment containing the gene of interest, and the circular plasmid (vector) will not get cut as it lacks free ends.

Discussion

8.	For producing a recombinant protein (for therapeutic purpose) in large scale, which vector would you choose – a low copy number or high-copy number?
Answer» High-copy-number, because higher the copy number of vector plasmid, higher the copy number of gene and consequently, the protein coded by the gene is produced in high amount.

Discussion

9.	What is Chakravarthy bug? Give its scientific name and its application?
Answer» Chakravarthy Bug is a super bug of Pseudomonas with multiple plasmid. They are helpful in removing oil spills.

Discussion

10.	List any two industrially important enzymes.
Answer» Lipase, Amylase.

Discussion

11.	Which of the following sets of quantum numberrs discribes the elecron which is removed most easily from a potassium atom in its ground state ?A. `n = 3, l = 1, m_(l) = 1, m_(s) = -1/2`B. `n=2, l=1, m_(l) = 0, m_(s) = - 1/2`C. `n=4, l = 0, m_(l) = 1, m_(s) = + (1)/(2)`D. `n=4, l = 0, m_(l) = 0, m_(s) = + (1)/(2)`
Answer» Correct Answer - D `K_(19) = 1s^(2), 2s^(2). 2p^(6), 3s^(2), 3p^(6), 4s^(1)` `n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = +1//2`

Discussion

12.	Concentration of sulphide ore is done by-(a) Calcination(b) roasting(c) Froth floatation Process(d) None of these
Answer» Concentration of sulphide ore is done by Froth floatation Process

Discussion

13.	An aqueous solution of ethanol has density `1.025 g/ mL` and it is 2 M. What is the molality of this solution ?A. `1.79`B. `2.143`C. `1.951`D. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B `w_(B) = 2 xx 46 = 92 gm` `w_(r) = rho xx V = 1.025 xx 1000 = 1025` `w_(A) = 1025 - 92 = 933` `m = (2)/(933) xx 1000 = 2.143`

Discussion

14.	General formula of alkyne is-(a) CnH2n+2(b) CnH2n-2(c) CnH2n(d) None of these
Answer» General formula of alkyne is C_nH_2n-2

Discussion

15.	20% NaOH (w/w) solution is given. Its molality will be-(a) 5.25(b) 6.25(c) 025(d) 10
Answer» Its molality will be 6.25

Discussion

16.	If 96500 coulomb of electricity is passed through FeSO4 solution, it will liberate-(a) 56 gm Fe(b) 28 gm Fe(c) 96500 gm Fe(d) 965 gm Fe
Answer» (b) 28 gm Fe

Discussion

17.	Main source of helium is- (a) Air(b) Radium(c) Monazite (d) Water
Answer» Main source of helium is Monazite

Discussion

18.	Number of 6-bonds in prophyne is-(a) 6(b) 5(c) 4(d) 7
Answer» Number of 6-bonds in prophyne is 6

Discussion

19.	Ore of aluminium is– (a) Bauxite(b) Hematite(c) Dolomite(d) None
Answer» Ore of aluminium is Bauxite

Discussion

20.	The important ore of iron is- (a) Siderite(b) Haematite(c) Pyrites(d) Bauxite
Answer» The important ore of iron is Haematite

Discussion

21.	Lattice energy of an ionic compound depends on : (A) Charge on the ion only. (B) Size of the ion only. (C) Charge and size of the ion. (D) Packing of the ion only.
Answer» Correct option (C) Charge and size of the ion. Explanation: Lattice Energy : The amount of energy released when one mole of cation combines with one mole of anion to form electrovalent compound. It depends upon charge and size of the ion

21.

Lattice energy of an ionic compound depends on : (A) Charge on the ion only. (B) Size of the ion only. (C) Charge and size of the ion. (D) Packing of the ion only.

Answer»

Correct option (C) Charge and size of the ion.

Explanation:

Lattice Energy : The amount of energy released when one mole of cation combines with one mole of anion to form electrovalent compound. It depends upon charge and size of the ion

Discussion

22.	Which one is the ore of iron?(a) Bauxite(b) Haematite(c) Dolomite(d) None of these
Answer» Haematite is the ore of iron.

Discussion

23.	Select the correct statement : (A) Dolomite is an ore of Zinc (B) Galena is an ore of Mercury (C) Pyrolusite is an ore of Iron (D) Cassiterite is an ore of Tin
Answer» Correct option (D) Cassiterite is an ore of Tin Explanation: Dolomite - MgCO₃ CaCO₃ Galena - PbS Pyrolusite - MnO₂ Cassiterite - SnO₂

23.

Select the correct statement : (A) Dolomite is an ore of Zinc (B) Galena is an ore of Mercury (C) Pyrolusite is an ore of Iron (D) Cassiterite is an ore of Tin

Answer»

Correct option (D) Cassiterite is an ore of Tin

Explanation:

Dolomite - MgCO₃ CaCO₃

Galena - PbS

Pyrolusite - MnO₂

Cassiterite - SnO₂

Discussion

24.	Metals like zinc, copper, nickel, tin, lead are obtained from their oxide ores by : (A) Carbon–reduction (B) Aluminium–reduction (C) Self–reduction(D) Electrol
Answer» Correct option (A) Carbon–reduction Explanation: Metal like Zinc, copper, nickel tin lead etc. are moderatory reactive metals. They can be reduced by carbon. e.g. ZnO + C → Zn + CO

24.

Metals like zinc, copper, nickel, tin, lead are obtained from their oxide ores by : (A) Carbon–reduction (B) Aluminium–reduction (C) Self–reduction(D) Electrol

Answer»

Correct option (A) Carbon–reduction

Explanation:

Metal like Zinc, copper, nickel tin lead etc. are moderatory reactive metals. They can be reduced by carbon.

e.g. ZnO + C → Zn + CO

Discussion

25.	Which of the following process is used for the extractio of group 1 ?A. Electrolysis of aqueous solution of a saltB. Reduction with carbonC. Redcution of hydrogenD. Electrolysis of fused chloride
Answer» Correct Answer - B Group one elements are alkali metal which are very active

Discussion

26.	What are the chief ores of copper?
Answer» Copper pyrite (CuFeS₂)

Discussion

27.

Write suitable method of concentration for the ores given in the Table Ore Method of concentrationTinstoneBauxiteZinc blende ............................

Answer»

Ore	Method of concentration
Tinstone	Magnetic separation
Bauxite	Leaching
Zinc blende	Forth floatation

Discussion

28.	Distinguish between Lyophilic and Lyophobic colloids.
Answer» Lyophilic colloids: The word lyophilic means liquid loving. Colloidal rols directly formed by mixing substances like gum, gelatin, starch, rubber etc with a suitable liquid (the dispersion medium) are called lyophilic sols. Lyophobic calloids: The word lyophobic means liquid hating. Substances like metals their sulphides etc when simply mixed with the dispersion medium do not form the colloidal sol.

28.

Distinguish between Lyophilic and Lyophobic colloids.

Answer»

Lyophilic colloids: The word lyophilic means liquid loving. Colloidal rols directly formed by mixing substances like gum, gelatin, starch, rubber etc with a suitable liquid (the dispersion medium) are called lyophilic sols.

Lyophobic calloids: The word lyophobic means liquid hating. Substances like metals their sulphides etc when simply mixed with the dispersion medium do not form the colloidal sol.

Discussion

29.	Assertion `:-` Electron gain enthalpy strictly becomes less negative on moving down the group. Reason `:-` Size increases and addition of extra electron is close to nucleas on moving down the group.A. If both Assertion & Reason are True & the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.B. If both Assertion & Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertiion.C. If Assertion is True but the Reason is False.D. If both Assertion & Reason are False
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

30.	Give the name and chemical composition of important ores of Aluminium and copper.
Answer» Name and chemical composition of aluminium and copper are: Baxuite: (Al₂O₃.2H₂O) Diasper: (Al₂O₃.H₂O) Corundum: (Al₂O₃) Copper Cuprite: (Cu₂O) Malachite(CuCO₃.Cu(OH)₂) Copper Glance: (Cu₂S) Copper pyrites: (CuFeS₂)

30.

Give the name and chemical composition of important ores of Aluminium and copper.

Answer»

Name and chemical composition of aluminium and copper are:

Baxuite: (Al₂O₃.2H₂O) Diasper: (Al₂O₃.H₂O)

Corundum: (Al₂O₃) Copper Cuprite: (Cu₂O)

Malachite(CuCO₃.Cu(OH)₂) Copper Glance: (Cu₂S)

Copper pyrites: (CuFeS₂)

Discussion

31.	Assertion: Electron gain enthalpy always becomes less negative as we go down a group in Modern periodic table. Reason: The size of the atom increase on going down the group in Modern periodic table and the added electron would be farther from the nucleus.A. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1B. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1C. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False.D. Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.
Answer» Correct Answer - D Statement-1:Electron gain enthalpy does not always becomes less negative as we go down a group in Modern periodic table. Ex `Delta_(eg)H(2p "series")ltDelta_(eg)H`(3p series)

Discussion

32.	The periodicity of related to the electronic configuration.That is, all chemical and physical properties are manifestation of the electronic configurations of the elements. The atomic and ionic radii generally decrease in a period from left to right.As a consequence, the ionization enthalpies generally increase and electron gain enthalpies become more negative across a period.In other words, the ionization enthalpy of the extreme left element in a period is the least and the electron gain enthalpy of the element on the extreme right is the highest negative.This result into high chemical reactivity at the two extremes and the lowest in the centre.Similarly down the group, the increase in atomic and ionic radii result in gradual decrease in ionization enthalpies and a regular decrease (with exception in some third period elements) in electron gain enthalpies in the case of main group elements. These properties can be related with the : (i)reducing and oxidising behaviour of the elements (ii)metallic and non-metallic character of element (iii)acidic, basic, amphoteric, and neutral character of the oxides of the elements The correct order of the metallic character is :A. BgtAlgtMggtKB. AlgtMggtBgtKC. MggtAlgtKgtBD. KgtMggtAlgtB
Answer» Correct Answer - D As ionisation energy decreases electropositive character increases and thus the tendency to form cation increases. Therefore, metallic character increases.

Discussion

33.	Name two vitamins and their deficiency diseases.
Answer» Name of two vitamins and diseases due to their deficinecy: Vitamin A - Night blindness Vitamin B - Beri-Beri

33.

Name two vitamins and their deficiency diseases.

Answer»

Name of two vitamins and diseases due to their deficinecy:

Vitamin A - Night blindness

Vitamin B - Beri-Beri

Discussion

34.	A resistance of `50Omega` is registered when two electrodes are suspended into a beaker containing a dilute solution of a strong electrolyte such that exactly half of them are submerged into solution as shown in figure. If the solution is diluted by adding pure water (negligible conductivity) so as to just completely submerge the electrodes, the new ressitance offered by the solution would be: ltbegt A. `50 Omega`B. `100 Omega`C. `25 Omega`D. `200 Omega`
Answer» Correct Answer - A `R=1/k l/A` The k is halved while the A is doubled.Hence R remains `50 Omega`.

Discussion

35.	what is the nature of charge on nucleus of atom and why is it so?
Answer» Nucleus is a small positively charged part at the centre of an atom. Nucleus is positively charged.

Discussion

36.	Give scientific reasons. While preparing dil. Sulphuric acid from concentrated conc. sulphuric acid in the laboratory the concentrated sulphuric acid is, add slowly to water with constant stirring.
Answer» i. This is exothermic process. ii. if we poured conc. sulphuric acid speedily in a water. Water gets evaporated instantaneously and very large amount of heat is liberated which may cause an accident. iii. to avoid this, and only small amount of heat is liberated at a time it added slowly to water with constant stirring

36.

Give scientific reasons. While preparing dil. Sulphuric acid from concentrated conc. sulphuric acid in the laboratory the concentrated sulphuric acid is, add slowly to water with constant stirring.

Answer»

i. This is exothermic process.

ii. if we poured conc. sulphuric acid speedily in a water. Water gets evaporated instantaneously and very large amount of heat is liberated which may cause an accident.

iii. to avoid this, and only small amount of heat is liberated at a time it added slowly to water with constant stirring

Discussion

37.	Find out the oxidation state of sodium in `Na_(2)O_(2)`.
Answer» In peroxides, the oxidation state of `O` is `-1`. Therefore, `Na_(2)O_(2)rArr 2x +2(-1)=0 rArr x=+1`

Discussion

38.	Which compound has highest melting point ?A. o-DibromobenzeneB. m-DibromobenzeneC. p-DibromobenzeneD. Dibromobenzene
Answer» Correct Answer - C Melting point depends on symmetry so p-dibromobenzene has highest melting point.

Discussion

39.	What type of substances can easily dissolve in water?
Answer» Ionic substances like `NaCl,KCl` etc. and polar substances whose molecules can form hydrogen bonds with `H_(2)O` molecule dissolve in water.

Discussion

40.	`PhCOOH, PhCH_3` can be separated byA. `KMnO_4`B. aq. `NaHCO_3` + n-hexaneC. `H_2O`D. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B PhCOOH dissolves in aq. `NaHCO_3` solution.

Discussion

41.	Consider the following statements and arrange in order of true/false as given in the codes. `S_1`:The reaction `2H_2O_2to2H_2O+O_2` is not an example of a redox reaction. `S_2`:The equivalent mass of `K_2Cr_2O_7` in acidic medium is molar mass divided by two. `S_3`: The equivalent mass of a substances can be calcualted without considering the reaction it undergoes.A. TFTB. FTFC. FFFD. TTT
Answer» Correct Answer - C `S_1`:It is disproportionation reaction `S_2`:It is `("mol. Wt.")/6` `S_3`:For calculation of valency factor reactant product should be known .

Discussion

42.	Correct order of boiling order is : `{:(CH_3CH_2,CH_3CH_2-Br,CH_3CH_2-Cl,CH_3-CH_2-F),(I,II,III,IV):}`A. IVgtIIIgtIIgtIB. IIgtIIIgtIVgtIC. IgtIIgtIIIgtIVD. IVgtIIIgtIgtII
Answer» Correct Answer - C Greater the mol. Wt. greater will be boiling point hence . IgtIIgtIIIgtIV.

Discussion

43.	Which gas will be produced when heavy water is treated with a mixture of calcuim nitride and magnesium nitride? Give equations.
Answer» Correct Answer - Deutrammonia.

Discussion

44.	Choose the correct statement :A. 1 mole of `MnO_4^(-)` ion can oxidised 5 moles of `Fe^2+` ion in acidic mediumB. 1 mole of `Cr_2O_7^2-` ion can oxidised 6 moles of `Fe^2+` ion in acidic mediumC. 1 mole of `Cu_2S` ion can oxidised 1.6 moles of `MnO_4^(-)` ion in acidic mediumD. 1 mole of `Cu_2S` ion can oxidised by 1.33 moles of `Cr_2O_7^2-` ion in acidic medium
Answer» Correct Answer - A,B,C,D Use equivalent of oxidising agent =equivalent of reducing agent

Discussion

45.	Calcuim and magnesium ion form a `10^5` litre of sample of hard water was quantitatively precipitated as carbonates and weight of ppt obtained was found to be 568 g. Precipitate lost 264 g of weight on strong heating.A. Degree of hardness of water is 4 ppmB. Molarity of `Ca^(2+)` ions in hard water was `4xx10^(-5)M`C. Molarity of `Mg^(2+)` ions in hard water `4xx10^(-5) M`D. Sum of molarity of `Ca^(2+)` & `Mg^(2+)` ions in hard water was `6xx10^(-5) M`
Answer» Correct Answer - B,D `underset(ag)(CaCO_3)+underset((568a-g))(MgCO_3)` `44/100xxa+44/84xx(568-a)=264` or a=400 g

Discussion

46.	Which of the following statements is/are correct :A. Equivalent mass of `Br_3O_8` in the reaction is 23. `Br_3 O_8+I^(-)+H^+toBr_2+I_2+H_2O`B. In case of oxalic acid `(H_2C_2O_4)`, the average oxidation number and individual oxidation number of Carbon have the same value.C. In case of iodimetric titration, KI is made to react with an oxidising agent and the liberated `I_2` gas is made to titration with hypo solution.D. Equivalent mass of `Cu_3P` in the given reaction is `M//11` (where M=mol. Mass) `Cu_3P+KMnO_4+H^+toCu^(2+)+H_2PO_4^(-)+K^+ + Mn^(2+)`
Answer» Correct Answer - A,B,D (A)v.f. of `Br_3O_8=3(16/3-0)=16 :.` equivalent mass =M/16=368/16=23. (B)In case of oxalic acid `(H_2C_2O_4)` , the average oxidation number and individual number of Carbon have the same value, equal to +3. ( C )In case of iodometric titration, Kl is made to react with an oxidising agent and the liberatred `I_2` gas is made to titrate with hypo solution. (D)v.f. of `Cu_3P=3(2-1)+1(5-(-3))=11 :.` equivalent mass =M/11

Discussion

47.	To see the indifferent attitude of Guru Nanak Dev ji towards worldly affairs, his father Mehta Kalu ji remained sad. In order to change his thinking, Mehta Kalu ji had given him duty of grazing buffalos. Guru ji took the animals towards fields but did not pay attention to them. They remained involved in meditation of God. Buffalos used to destroy the crops. Mehta Kalu ji had to bear many complaints about this. After hearing these complaints, Mehta ji gave the work of farming to Guru ji. Mehta ji gave twenty rupees to him and advised him to spend this in market for true and profitable deal. But due to his young age, Mehta ji sent Bhai Balaji with him. On the way, they met with the group of Saints. Guru ji spent that money in feeding hungry Saints. Mehta Ji was very disappointed when Guru ji returned empty handed. When he demanded the detail of twenty rupees, then guru ji explained the truth. This incident is called Sachha Sauda.(a) What is the meaning of Sachha Sauda?(b) What professions did Guru Nanak Dev ji adopt in his early life?
Answer» (a) The meaning of Sachha Sauda is pious deal or in other words, a true kind of business. Guru Nanak Dev ji made pious deal by spending twenty rupees to feed the hungry Saints. (b) Guru Nanak Dev ji had started showing his disinterest in education and worldly affairs at a very young age. His father engaged him in cattle grazing to divert his interest in worldy affairs. While on cattle grazing round, he remained engrossed in deep meditation and his cattle strayed into the fields of other people. Troubled by the complaints of the neighbouring farmers, his father decided to put him in the business. He gave him twenty rupees to start some business but Guru Nanak Dev ji spent all the money in feeding the hungry Saints. This incident of his life is popular as Sachha Sauda or the Pious Deal.

47.

To see the indifferent attitude of Guru Nanak Dev ji towards worldly affairs, his father Mehta Kalu ji remained sad. In order to change his thinking, Mehta Kalu ji had given him duty of grazing buffalos. Guru ji took the animals towards fields but did not pay attention to them. They remained involved in meditation of God. Buffalos used to destroy the crops. Mehta Kalu ji had to bear many complaints about this. After hearing these complaints, Mehta ji gave the work of farming to Guru ji. Mehta ji gave twenty rupees to him and advised him to spend this in market for true and profitable deal. But due to his young age, Mehta ji sent Bhai Balaji with him. On the way, they met with the group of Saints. Guru ji spent that money in feeding hungry Saints. Mehta Ji was very disappointed when Guru ji returned empty handed. When he demanded the detail of twenty rupees, then guru ji explained the truth. This incident is called Sachha Sauda.(a) What is the meaning of Sachha Sauda?(b) What professions did Guru Nanak Dev ji adopt in his early life?

Answer»

(a) The meaning of Sachha Sauda is pious deal or in other words, a true kind of business. Guru Nanak Dev ji made pious deal by spending twenty rupees to feed the hungry Saints.

(b) Guru Nanak Dev ji had started showing his disinterest in education and worldly affairs at a very young age. His father engaged him in cattle grazing to divert his interest in worldy affairs. While on cattle grazing round, he remained engrossed in deep meditation and his cattle strayed into the fields of other people. Troubled by the complaints of the neighbouring farmers, his father decided to put him in the business. He gave him twenty rupees to start some business but Guru Nanak Dev ji spent all the money in feeding the hungry Saints. This incident of his life is popular as Sachha Sauda or the Pious Deal.

Discussion

48.	Two Mughal Emperors, Akbar and Jahangir were contemporary to Guru Arjan Dev ji. Since the aim of preaches of gurus was to constitute a society where there will be no privilege given to caste, post, blind faith and strong religious beliefs. For this, Akbar used to like gurus. But Jahangir was jealous of the rising popularity of Guru Arjan Dev ji. He was troubled by the fact that like the Hindus, many Muslims were coming under the influence of Guru Arjan Dev ji. After sometime, Prince Khusro revolted against his father Jahangir. When Royal army chased Khusro, then he ran away and came to Punjab and met Guru ji. On this, Jahangir who was already against Guru ji, fined Guru ji Rs. two lakh for helping rebilious Khusro. Guru ji refused to pay this fine considering it as an unappropriate. For this Guru ji was sentenced to death by giving physical torture in 1606 A.D.(а) Why did Jahangir want to kill Guru Arjan Dev ji?(b) Write a note on the martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev ji.
Answer» (a) The Mughal Emperor Jahangir was jealous of the rising popularity of Guru Arjan Dev ji. Jahangir was perturbed (troubled) by the fact that like the Hindus, many Muslims were also coming under the influence of Guru Arjan Dev ji. (b) The Mughal Emperor Akbar had very cordial relations with Pancham Padshah (Sikh Guru) Guru Arjan Dev Ji. However, Jahangir, the next Mughal’emperor abondoned the policy of toleration after the death of Akbar. Jahangir was on the look out for an opportunity to give mortal blow to Sikh religion. In the meantime, Prince Khusro, the son of Jahangir, revolted against his father. After getting defeat at the hands of his father, Khusro came to Guru Arjan Dev ji. Guru Sahib blessed him. Jahangir imposed a fine of two lakh rupees on Guru Sahib on the charge of helping rebellious Khusro. Guru Sahib refused to pay the fine. As a result, Guru Sahib was detained and subjected to severe torture. It infuriated the Sikhs. The Sikhs learned that the only course then left with them was to rise in arms for the protection of their religion.

48.

Two Mughal Emperors, Akbar and Jahangir were contemporary to Guru Arjan Dev ji. Since the aim of preaches of gurus was to constitute a society where there will be no privilege given to caste, post, blind faith and strong religious beliefs. For this, Akbar used to like gurus. But Jahangir was jealous of the rising popularity of Guru Arjan Dev ji. He was troubled by the fact that like the Hindus, many Muslims were coming under the influence of Guru Arjan Dev ji. After sometime, Prince Khusro revolted against his father Jahangir. When Royal army chased Khusro, then he ran away and came to Punjab and met Guru ji. On this, Jahangir who was already against Guru ji, fined Guru ji Rs. two lakh for helping rebilious Khusro. Guru ji refused to pay this fine considering it as an unappropriate. For this Guru ji was sentenced to death by giving physical torture in 1606 A.D.(а) Why did Jahangir want to kill Guru Arjan Dev ji?(b) Write a note on the martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev ji.

Answer»

(a) The Mughal Emperor Jahangir was jealous of the rising popularity of Guru Arjan Dev ji. Jahangir was perturbed (troubled) by the fact that like the Hindus, many Muslims were also coming under the influence of Guru Arjan Dev ji.

(b) The Mughal Emperor Akbar had very cordial relations with Pancham Padshah (Sikh Guru) Guru Arjan Dev Ji. However, Jahangir, the next Mughal’emperor abondoned the policy of toleration after the death of Akbar. Jahangir was on the look out for an opportunity to give mortal blow to Sikh religion. In the meantime, Prince Khusro, the son of Jahangir, revolted against his father. After getting defeat at the hands of his father, Khusro came to Guru Arjan Dev ji. Guru Sahib blessed him. Jahangir imposed a fine of two lakh rupees on Guru Sahib on the charge of helping rebellious Khusro. Guru Sahib refused to pay the fine. As a result, Guru Sahib was detained and subjected to severe torture. It infuriated the Sikhs. The Sikhs learned that the only course then left with them was to rise in arms for the protection of their religion.

Discussion

49.	A 5g sample containing `FeO_4 (FeO+Fe_2O_3)` and an inert impurity is treated with excess of KI solution in the presence of dilute `H_2SO_4`.The entire Iron converted to Ferrous ion along with liberation of Iodine.The resulting solution is diluted to 100 ml. 20 ml of the diluted solution requires 10 ml of 0.5M `Na_2S_2O_3` solution to reduce the Iodine present.Amongs the following select correct statements.A. % of `Fe_2O_3` in sample is 40%B. % of FeO in sample is 28%C. % of inert impurity in sample is 42%D. % of inert impurity in sample is 32%
Answer» Correct Answer - A,C Let the moles of `Fe_3O_4` is x. So mole of `Fe_2O_3` (in `Fe_3O_4`)=x eq of `Fe_2O_3` (in `Fe_3O_4`) =eq of KI = eq of `I_2` =eq of `Na_2S_2O_3` or 2x=0.025 or x=0.0125 mol of `Fe_2O_3` So mass of `Fe_2O_3=0.0125xx160=2g` % of `Fe_2O_3=2/5xx100=40%`

Discussion

50.	The study of composers, concerto’s quavers and blue notes is all included in ___
Answer» Correct answer is Music

Discussion

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The study of composers, concerto’s quavers and blue notes is all included in ___