100525 + Interview Questions in GENERAL QA IN GENERAL AWARENESS

1.	A person injured in a road accident and requiring an urgent immune response was brought to a doctor. (a) What did the doctor immediately do? (b) What kind of immunity was he providing to the patient?
Answer» (a) Inject antitoxin/tetanus injection (b) Passive immunity

1.

A person injured in a road accident and requiring an urgent immune response was brought to a doctor. (a) What did the doctor immediately do? (b) What kind of immunity was he providing to the patient?

Answer»

(a) Inject antitoxin/tetanus injection

(b) Passive immunity

Discussion

2.	What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?
Answer» AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is caused by the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via sexual or blood-blood contact. After entering the human body, the HIV virus attacks and enters the macrophages. Inside the macrophages, the RNA of the virus replicates with the help of enzyme reverse transcriptase and gives rise to viral DNA. Then, this viral DNA incorporates into the host DNA and directs the synthesis of virus particles. At the same time, HIV enters helper T- lymphocytes. It replicates and produces viral progeny there. These newly formed progeny viruses get released into the blood, attacking other healthy helper Tlymphocytes in the body. As a result, the number of T-lymphocytes in the body of an infected person decreases progressively, thereby decreasing the immunity of a person.

2.

What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?

Answer»

AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is caused by the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via sexual or blood-blood contact. After entering the human body, the HIV virus attacks and enters the macrophages. Inside the macrophages, the RNA of the virus replicates with the help of enzyme reverse transcriptase and gives rise to viral DNA. Then, this viral DNA incorporates into the host DNA and directs the synthesis of virus particles. At the same time, HIV enters helper T- lymphocytes. It replicates and produces viral progeny there. These newly formed progeny viruses get released into the blood, attacking other healthy helper Tlymphocytes in the body. As a result, the number of T-lymphocytes in the body of an infected person decreases progressively, thereby decreasing the immunity of a person.

Discussion

3.	Q.No. 27 . Identify the organism and enlist the general characters of its phylum ?
Answer» They are triploblastic, acoelomate, and bilaterally symmetrical. They may be free-living or parasites. The body has a soft covering with or without cilia. Their body is dorsoventrally flattened without any segments and appears like a leaf. They are devoid of the anus and circulatory system but have a mouth. They respire by simple diffusion through the body surface. They have an organ level of organization. They do not have a digestive tract. The space between the body wall and organs is filled with connective tissue parenchyma which helps in transporting the food material. They are hermaphrodites, i.e., both male and female organs are present in the same body.

Discussion

4.	The fovea centralis A. Lies where the visual axis impinges on the retina. B. Is not crossed by any major blood vessels. C. Is the thickest part of the retina. D. Has higher visual acuity than other parts of the retina. E. Lies on the temporal side of the optic disc.
Answer» A. True It detects objects in the centre of the field of vision. B. True There are no superficial structures to affect impinging light rays. C. False It is relatively thin due to absence of superficial layers. D. True The above factors contribute to this. E. True It is marked by yellow pigment.

4.

The fovea centralis A. Lies where the visual axis impinges on the retina. B. Is not crossed by any major blood vessels. C. Is the thickest part of the retina. D. Has higher visual acuity than other parts of the retina. E. Lies on the temporal side of the optic disc.

Answer»

A. True It detects objects in the centre of the field of vision.

B. True There are no superficial structures to affect impinging light rays.

C. False It is relatively thin due to absence of superficial layers.

D. True The above factors contribute to this.

E. True It is marked by yellow pigment.

Discussion

5.	Name two main steps which are collectively referred to as down streamingprocess. Why is this process significant ?
Answer» Separation and Purification This process is essential because reaching into market, the product has to be subjected for clinical trial and quality control.

Discussion

6.	In recombinant DNA technology, vectors are used to transfer a gene ofinterest in the host cells. Mention any three features of vectors that are mostsuitable for this purpose.
Answer» (i) Have origin of replication(Ori) (ii) a selectable marker (iii) at least one recognition site.

Discussion

7.	Identify the recognition sites in the given sequences at which E.coli will cutand make sticky ends.5,GAATTC-3,3,CTTAAG-5,
Answer» 5'-GAATTC 3' 3'-CTTAA G 5'

Discussion

8.	An extra chromosomal segment of circular DNA is used to carry gene ofinterest into the host cell. What is the name given to it ?
Answer» Answer is: Plasmid

Discussion

9.	Extranuclear DNA is present in (A) Ribosomes (B) Endoplasmic reticulum (C) Lysosomes (D) Mitochondria
Answer» (D) Mitochondria

Discussion

10.	Mention the uses of cloning vectors in biotechnology.
Answer» Gene cloning, gene transfer

Discussion

11.	Transfer RNA transfers (A) Information from DNA to ribosomes (B) Information from mRNA to cytosol (C) Amino acids from cytosol to ribosomes (D) Proteins from ribosomes to cytosol
Answer» (C) Amino acids from cytosol to ribosomes

Discussion

12.	The signal sequence of proteins is cleaved off (A) On the ribosomes immediately after synthesis (B) In the endoplasmic reticulum (C) During processing in Golgi apparatus (D) During passage through the cell membrane
Answer» (B) In the endoplasmic reticulum

Discussion

13.	In sanger’s method of DNA sequence determination, DNA synthesis is stopped by using(A) 1′, 2′- Dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (B) 2′, 3′- Dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (C) 2′, 4′- Dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (D) 2′, 5′ - Dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphates
Answer» (B) 2′, 3′- Dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphates

Discussion

14.	GAATTC is recognition site for which restriction endonuclease?(a) Hind III(b) Eco I(c) Bam I(d) Hae III
Answer» Answer (b) Eco I

Discussion

15.	The most common type of restriction enzymes used in recombinant DNA technology are A. Type I restriction enzymes B. Type II restriction enzymes C. Type III restriction enzymes D. Type IV restriction enzymes
Answer» B. Type II restriction enzymes

Discussion

16.	Explain any five protein based products.
Answer» (i) Blood products and vaccines e.g. Factor IX for treating hemophilia. (ii) Therapeutic antibodies and enzymes e.g. Monoclonal antibodies OKT3 for preventing graftness. (iii) Therapeutic hormones and growth factors e.g. Insulin to treat diabetes. (iv) Regulatory factors e.eg. Interferons for antiviral properties. (v) Analytical applications e.g. Horse radish peroxidase for ELISA. (vi) Industrial enzymes e.g. Papain for meat tenderization. (vii) Fuctional non catalytic proteins e.g. Kappa casein for milk protein stabilization. (viii) Nutraceutical proteins eg. Infant food formulation to provide adequate nutrition for infant. These products are of commercial value to the Biotechnology industry.

16.

Explain any five protein based products.

Answer»

(i) Blood products and vaccines e.g. Factor IX for treating hemophilia.

(ii) Therapeutic antibodies and enzymes e.g. Monoclonal antibodies OKT3 for preventing graftness.

(iii) Therapeutic hormones and growth factors e.g. Insulin to treat diabetes.

(iv) Regulatory factors e.eg. Interferons for antiviral properties.

(v) Analytical applications e.g. Horse radish peroxidase for ELISA.

(vi) Industrial enzymes e.g. Papain for meat tenderization.

(vii) Fuctional non catalytic proteins e.g. Kappa casein for milk protein stabilization.

(viii) Nutraceutical proteins eg. Infant food formulation to provide adequate nutrition for infant.

These products are of commercial value to the Biotechnology industry.

Discussion

17.	Explain various steps involved in a recombinant DNA technology experiment. Name any two molecular biologists who helped to create the first r-DNA molecule.
Answer» Steps involved: 1. Isolation of a DNA fragment containing a gene of interest that needs to be cloned (called as insert). 2. Generation of a recombinant DNA (rDNA) molecule by insertion of the DNA fragment into a carrier DNAmolecule called vector (e.g. plasmid) that can self replicate within a host cell. 3. Transfer of the rDNAinto an E. coli host cell (process called transformation). 4. Selection of only those host cells carrying the rDNA and allowing them to multiply thereby multiplying the rDNA molecules. Paul Berg, Herbert Boyer, Annie Chang and Stanley Cohen.

17.

Explain various steps involved in a recombinant DNA technology experiment. Name any two molecular biologists who helped to create the first r-DNA molecule.

Answer»

Steps involved:

1. Isolation of a DNA fragment containing a gene of interest that needs to be cloned (called as insert).

2. Generation of a recombinant DNA (rDNA) molecule by insertion of the DNA fragment into a carrier DNAmolecule called vector (e.g. plasmid) that can self replicate within a host cell.

3. Transfer of the rDNAinto an E. coli host cell (process called transformation).

4. Selection of only those host cells carrying the rDNA and allowing them to multiply thereby multiplying the rDNA molecules.

Paul Berg, Herbert Boyer, Annie Chang and Stanley Cohen.

Discussion

18.	In a clockwise system:A. `hat(k)xxhat(j)=hat(i)`B. `hat(i).hat(i)=0`C. `hat(j)xxhat(j)=hat(i)`D. `hat(k).hat(j)=1`
Answer» Correct Answer - A In a clockwise system `hat(k)xxhat(j)=hat(i)`

Discussion

19.	A heavy particle is projected from a point on the horizontal at an angle `45^(@)` wil the horizontal with a speed of 20 m/s. Then the radius of the curvature of its path at the instant of crossing the same horizontal is ______A. `10 sqrt(2)`B. `40 sqrt(2)`C. `20 sqrt(2)`D. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B Radial acceleration at the point of landing `a_(n) = g cos 45 = (u^(2))/(r)` `rArr r =(u^(2))/(g cos45)=((20)^(2))/(10xx1//sqrt(2))=40 sqrt(2)`

Discussion

20.	A light ray is incident on lower medium boundary at an angle `30^(@)` with the normal. Which of following statement is/are true ? A. If `mu_(2) gt 2` then total deviation is `60^(@)`B. If `mu_(2) lt 2` then total deviation is `60^(@)`C. If `mu_(2) gt 2` then total deviation is `120^(@)`D. If `mu_(2) lt 2` then total deviation is `120^(@)`
Answer» Correct Answer - A::D For refraction `mu_(1) sin 30^(@) = mu_(2) sin theta = mu_(3) sin e` `rArr 2 = mu_(2) sin theta = 2 sin e` For emergence through B `sin theta lt 1` `2 lt mu_(2), e= 90^(@)` `D = 90^(@) - 30^(@) = 60^(@)` If `mu_(2) lt 2` ray will suffer TlR on A `D = 180^(@) -2 xx 30^(@) = 120^(@)`.

Discussion

21.	In the adjacent figure there is a cube having a smooth groove at an inclination of \( 30^{\circ} \) with horizontal in its vertical face. A cylinder \( A \) of mass \( 2 kg \) can slide freely inside the grove. The cube is moving with constant horizontal acceleration \( a_{0} \) parallel to the shown face, so that the slider does not have acceleration along horizontal. (A) The normal reaction acting on cube is zero (B) The value of \( a_{0} \) is \( g \sqrt{3} \) (C) The value of \( a_{0} \) is \( g \). (D) Acceleration of the particle in ground frameFigure 2.192 is \( g \)
Answer» The correct answer is (A) , (B), (D)

Discussion

22.	A very heavy box is kept on a frictionless incline plane inclined at an angle `theta` from the horizontal. Box is having an another frictionless incline plane, inclined plane as shown in the figure. A block of mass m is kept on this inclined plane inside the box. Acceleration of block w.r.t. box is A. `g sin^(2)theta`B. `g cos^(2)theta`C. `g sin thetacostheta`D. zero
Answer» `a_("box")=g sin theta` `ma_(rel)=ma cos theta` `rArra_(rel)=g sin theta cos theta`

Discussion

23.	xcos (y/x) dy/dx=ycos (y/x) - x
Answer» x cos \(\frac{y}{x}\) \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) = y cos \(\frac{y}{x}\) - x ⇒ \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) = \(\frac{y\,cos\,\frac{y}{x}-x}{x\,cos\,\frac{y}{x}}\) = \(\frac{\frac{y}{x}\,cos\,\frac{y}{x}-1}{x\,cos\,\frac{y}{x}}\) Take y = vu \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) = v + x\(\frac{dv}{dx}\) ∴ v + x\(\frac{dv}{dx}\) = \(\frac{v\,cosv - 1 }{cosv}\) ⇒ x\(\frac{dv}{dx}\) = \(\frac{v\,cosv - 1 }{cosv}\) - v = \(\frac{v\,cosv - 1 -v\,cosv}{cosv}\) ⇒ x\(\frac{dv}{dx}\) = \(\frac{-1}{cosv}\) ⇒ cosvdv = \(\frac{-1}{x}\)dx ⇒ - sin v = \(\frac{1}{x^2}\) + c (By integrating both sides) ⇒ - sin \(\frac{y}{x}\) = \(\frac{-1}{x^2}\) + c .....(1) (By putting v = \(\frac{y}{x}\)) Equation (1) represent solution of given differential equation.

23.

xcos (y/x) dy/dx=ycos (y/x) - x

Answer»

x cos \(\frac{y}{x}\) \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) = y cos \(\frac{y}{x}\) - x

⇒ \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) = \(\frac{y\,cos\,\frac{y}{x}-x}{x\,cos\,\frac{y}{x}}\) = \(\frac{\frac{y}{x}\,cos\,\frac{y}{x}-1}{x\,cos\,\frac{y}{x}}\)

Take y = vu

\(\frac{dy}{dx}\) = v + x\(\frac{dv}{dx}\)

∴ v + x\(\frac{dv}{dx}\) = \(\frac{v\,cosv - 1 }{cosv}\)

⇒ x\(\frac{dv}{dx}\) = \(\frac{v\,cosv - 1 }{cosv}\) - v = \(\frac{v\,cosv - 1 -v\,cosv}{cosv}\)

⇒ x\(\frac{dv}{dx}\) = \(\frac{-1}{cosv}\)

⇒ cosvdv = \(\frac{-1}{x}\)dx

⇒ - sin v = \(\frac{1}{x^2}\) + c

(By integrating both sides)

⇒ - sin \(\frac{y}{x}\) = \(\frac{-1}{x^2}\) + c .....(1)

(By putting v = \(\frac{y}{x}\))

Equation (1) represent solution of given differential equation.

Discussion

24.	A is a set containing n elements. A subset P of A is chosen. The set A is reconstructed by replacing the elements of P. A subset Q of A is again chosen, the number of ways of choosing so that `(P cup Q)` is a proper subset of A, isA. `.^(2n)C_(n)`B. `4^(n)`C. `3^(n)`D. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

25.	A bags contains 5 white, 6 red and 4 blue balls. Three balls are drawn at random from the bag. The probability that all of them are red is:-1. 2/912. 4/913. 5/914. 7/91
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 4/91 Given: A bags contains 5 white, 6 red and 4 blue balls. Concept used: Factorial method used. Formula used: ⁿC_r= n!/[r! (n – r)!] Where, n = The number of items, r = How many items are taken at a time. Probability (E) = (Number of favorable outcomes)/(Total no. of possible outcomes) Calculation: Let the sample space be S. Let event of getting all the three red balls be E. The number of items = (5 + 6 + 4) ⇒ 15 According to the question: n (X) = Number of ways drawing 3 balls out of 15 ⇒ n Cr = n!/[r! (n – r)!] ⇒ ¹⁵C₃ = 15!/[3! (15 – 3)!] ⇒ 15C3 = (15!)/(3! × 12!) ⇒ 15C3 = (15 × 14 × 13 × 12!)/(3 × 2 × 1 × 12!) ⇒ 15C3 = (5 × 7 × 13) ⇒ 15C3 = 455 Again, n (Y) = ⁶C3 ⇒ 6C3 = 6!/[3! (6 – 3)!] ⇒ 6C3 = (6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1)/(3 × 2 × 1 × 3 × 2 × 1) ⇒ 6C3 = 20 Now, P (E) = n (y)/n (x) ⇒ 20/455 ⇒ 4/91 ∴ The probability that all of them are red is 4/91.

25.

A bags contains 5 white, 6 red and 4 blue balls. Three balls are drawn at random from the bag. The probability that all of them are red is:-1. 2/912. 4/913. 5/914. 7/91

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 4/91

Given:

A bags contains 5 white, 6 red and 4 blue balls.

Concept used:

Factorial method used.

Formula used:

ⁿC_r= n!/[r! (n – r)!]

Where, n = The number of items, r = How many items are taken at a time.

Probability (E) = (Number of favorable outcomes)/(Total no. of possible outcomes)

Calculation:

Let the sample space be S.

Let event of getting all the three red balls be E.

The number of items = (5 + 6 + 4)

⇒ 15

According to the question:

n (X) = Number of ways drawing 3 balls out of 15

⇒ n Cr = n!/[r! (n – r)!]

⇒ ¹⁵C₃ = 15!/[3! (15 – 3)!]

⇒ 15C3 = (15!)/(3! × 12!)

⇒ 15C3 = (15 × 14 × 13 × 12!)/(3 × 2 × 1 × 12!)

⇒ 15C3 = (5 × 7 × 13)

⇒ 15C3 = 455

Again, n (Y) = ⁶C3

⇒ 6C3 = 6!/[3! (6 – 3)!]

⇒ 6C3 = (6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1)/(3 × 2 × 1 × 3 × 2 × 1)

⇒ 6C3 = 20

Now, P (E) = n (y)/n (x)

⇒ 20/455

⇒ 4/91

∴ The probability that all of them are red is 4/91.

Discussion

26.	The students in three classes are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 5. If 20 students are increased in each class, the ratio changes to 4 ∶ 5 ∶ 7. The total number of students before the increase were1. 102. 903. 1004. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 100 Given, The students in three classes are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 5 ⇒ Let the students in the class be 2x, 3x and 5x respectively Now,20 students are added to the class and the ratio is 4 ∶ 5 ∶ 7 ∴ (2x + 20)/(3x + 20) = 4/5 ⇒ 10x + 100 = 12x + 80 ⇒ 2x = 20 ⇒ x = 10 ∴ The total number of students before the increase = (2 + 3 + 5) × 10 = 100 ∴ The total number of students before the increase were 100

26.

The students in three classes are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 5. If 20 students are increased in each class, the ratio changes to 4 ∶ 5 ∶ 7. The total number of students before the increase were1. 102. 903. 1004. None of these

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 100

Given,

The students in three classes are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 5

⇒ Let the students in the class be 2x, 3x and 5x respectively

Now,20 students are added to the class and the ratio is 4 ∶ 5 ∶ 7

∴ (2x + 20)/(3x + 20) = 4/5

⇒ 10x + 100 = 12x + 80

⇒ 2x = 20

⇒ x = 10

∴ The total number of students before the increase = (2 + 3 + 5) × 10 = 100

∴ The total number of students before the increase were 100

Discussion

27.	Directions: The following question is accompanied by three statements (I), (II), and (III). You have to determine which statements(s) is/are sufficient/necessary to answer the questions.A person marks the price of an article as Rs. y. What is the cost price of the article?Statement I: The marked price of the article is 80% more than its cost price and the person sells it at 2x% discount. Statement II: The person gains 8% if he sells the article at x% discount and his profit is Rs. 5y.Statement III: The person loses 12% on selling the article at a discount of Rs. 217..1. The data in statement I and statement II are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question.2. The data in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I and III is not sufficient to answer the question.3. The data in statements I alone or in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question.4. The data in all the statements I, II and III is not sufficient to answer the question.5. The data in statements I and statement III are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : The data in statements I alone or in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question. Given: Marked price of the article = Rs. y Formula Used: SP = CP ± Profit/Loss SP = MRP × (1 - D%/100) SP = CP × (1 ± (P%/L%)/100) where, CP → Cost price, SP → Selling price, MRP → Marked price Calculations: Marked price of the article = Rs. y Statement I: MRP more than CP = 80% Discount = 2x% Now, MRP = (180/100) × CP ⇒ CP = Rs. y × (5/9) = Rs. 5y/9 So, Statement I is sufficient to answer the question. Statement II: Gain = 8% Discount = 2x% Profit = Rs. 5y Now, Value of 8% = Rs. 5y ⇒ CP = 100% = Rs. 5y × (100/8) ⇒ CP = Rs. 125y/2 So, Statement II is sufficient to answer the question. Statement III. Loss = 12% Discount = Rs. 217 No other information is given in the question So, Statement III is not sufficient to answer the question. ∴ The data in statement I alone or in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

27.

Directions: The following question is accompanied by three statements (I), (II), and (III). You have to determine which statements(s) is/are sufficient/necessary to answer the questions.A person marks the price of an article as Rs. y. What is the cost price of the article?Statement I: The marked price of the article is 80% more than its cost price and the person sells it at 2x% discount. Statement II: The person gains 8% if he sells the article at x% discount and his profit is Rs. 5y.Statement III: The person loses 12% on selling the article at a discount of Rs. 217..1. The data in statement I and statement II are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question.2. The data in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I and III is not sufficient to answer the question.3. The data in statements I alone or in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question.4. The data in all the statements I, II and III is not sufficient to answer the question.5. The data in statements I and statement III are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : The data in statements I alone or in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Given:

Marked price of the article = Rs. y

Formula Used:

SP = CP ± Profit/Loss

SP = MRP × (1 - D%/100)

SP = CP × (1 ± (P%/L%)/100)

where, CP → Cost price, SP → Selling price, MRP → Marked price

Calculations:

Marked price of the article = Rs. y

Statement I:

MRP more than CP = 80%

Discount = 2x%

Now, MRP = (180/100) × CP

⇒ CP = Rs. y × (5/9) = Rs. 5y/9

So, Statement I is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement II:

Gain = 8%

Discount = 2x%

Profit = Rs. 5y

Now, Value of 8% = Rs. 5y

⇒ CP = 100% = Rs. 5y × (100/8)

⇒ CP = Rs. 125y/2

So, Statement II is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement III.

Loss = 12%

Discount = Rs. 217

No other information is given in the question

So, Statement III is not sufficient to answer the question.

∴ The data in statement I alone or in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement III alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Discussion

28.	A box contains total 100 items which is pens and notebooks. The price of a pen and the price of a notebook is Rs. 20 and Rs.30 respectively. Total price of items in a box is Rs. 2600. Find the ratio between the number of pens and number of notebooks in a box.1. 3 : 42. 2 : 33. 1 : 24. 2 : 65. 4 : 3
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 2 : 3 Given: Let number of pens and number of notebooks in a box be a and (100 - a) respectively. Calculation: ⇒ 20 × a + (100 - a) × 30 = 2600 ⇒ 20a + 3000 - 30a = 2600 ⇒ a = 40 The number of pens in a box = 40 The number of notebooks in a box = 100 - 40 = 60 ∴ Required ratio = 40 : 60 = 2 : 3.

28.

A box contains total 100 items which is pens and notebooks. The price of a pen and the price of a notebook is Rs. 20 and Rs.30 respectively. Total price of items in a box is Rs. 2600. Find the ratio between the number of pens and number of notebooks in a box.1. 3 : 42. 2 : 33. 1 : 24. 2 : 65. 4 : 3

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 2 : 3

Given:

Let number of pens and number of notebooks in a box be a and (100 - a) respectively.

Calculation:

⇒ 20 × a + (100 - a) × 30 = 2600

⇒ 20a + 3000 - 30a = 2600

⇒ a = 40

The number of pens in a box = 40

The number of notebooks in a box = 100 - 40 = 60

∴ Required ratio = 40 : 60 = 2 : 3.

Discussion

29.	The ratio of the present age of Ram and Radha is 5 ∶ 4. After 60 years the ratio of their age will be 10 ∶ 9 then find the Ram’s present age?1. 48 years2. 60 years3. 30 years4. 57 years
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 60 years Given: Ram and Radha present age ratio = 5: 4 After 60 years’ ratio will become = 10: 9 Calculation Let the Ram and Radha’s age be 5x and 4x respectively According to the question, ⇒ (5x + 60)/(4x + 60) = 10/9 ⇒ 45x + 540 = 40x + 600 ⇒ 5x = 60 ⇒ x = 12 Ram’s present age = 5 × 12 = 60 years ∴ Ram’s present age is 60 years

29.

The ratio of the present age of Ram and Radha is 5 ∶ 4. After 60 years the ratio of their age will be 10 ∶ 9 then find the Ram’s present age?1. 48 years2. 60 years3. 30 years4. 57 years

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 60 years

Given:

Ram and Radha present age ratio = 5: 4

After 60 years’ ratio will become = 10: 9

Calculation

Let the Ram and Radha’s age be 5x and 4x respectively

According to the question,

⇒ (5x + 60)/(4x + 60) = 10/9

⇒ 45x + 540 = 40x + 600

⇒ 5x = 60

⇒ x = 12

Ram’s present age = 5 × 12 = 60 years

∴ Ram’s present age is 60 years

Discussion

30.	The ratio between three numbers A, B and C is 10 : 7 : 4.The difference between the B and C is 12. Find the ratio between the (A + B) : (B + C).1. 11 : 242. 22 : 173. 17 : 114. 14 : 115. 17 : 22
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 17 : 11 Given: Let three numbers A, B and C be 10a, 7a and 4a respectively. Calculation: ⇒ 7a - 4a = 12 ⇒ a = 4 Three numbers A, B and C is 40, 28 and 16 respectively. Then, ⇒ (A + B) : (B + C) = (40 + 28) : (28 + 16) = 68 : 44 = 17 : 11 ∴ Required ratio = 17 : 11

30.

The ratio between three numbers A, B and C is 10 : 7 : 4.The difference between the B and C is 12. Find the ratio between the (A + B) : (B + C).1. 11 : 242. 22 : 173. 17 : 114. 14 : 115. 17 : 22

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 17 : 11

Given:

Let three numbers A, B and C be 10a, 7a and 4a respectively.

Calculation:

⇒ 7a - 4a = 12

⇒ a = 4

Three numbers A, B and C is 40, 28 and 16 respectively.

Then,

⇒ (A + B) : (B + C) = (40 + 28) : (28 + 16) = 68 : 44 = 17 : 11

∴ Required ratio = 17 : 11

Discussion

31.	If 24 men and 6 women can complete a work in 10 days while 6 men and 6 women can complete the same work in 12 days. In how many days 4 men and 1 women will complete the work?1. 45 days2. 18 days3. 60 days4. 48 days
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 60 days Given: 24 Men and 6 women can complete the work in 10 days 6 men and 6 women can complete the work in 12 days Calculation: (24M + 6W) × 10 = (6M + 6W) × 12 ⇒ 240M + 60W = 72M + 72W ⇒ 168M = 12W ⇒ M : W = 1 : 14 Total work = (24 × 1 + 6 × 14) × 10 = 1080 units Time in which 4 men and 1 women will complete the work = 1080/(4 × 1 + 14 ) = 60 days ∴ 4 men and 1 woman can complete the work in 60 days

31.

If 24 men and 6 women can complete a work in 10 days while 6 men and 6 women can complete the same work in 12 days. In how many days 4 men and 1 women will complete the work?1. 45 days2. 18 days3. 60 days4. 48 days

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 60 days

Given:

24 Men and 6 women can complete the work in 10 days

6 men and 6 women can complete the work in 12 days

Calculation:

(24M + 6W) × 10 = (6M + 6W) × 12

⇒ 240M + 60W = 72M + 72W

⇒ 168M = 12W

⇒ M : W = 1 : 14

Total work = (24 × 1 + 6 × 14) × 10 = 1080 units

Time in which 4 men and 1 women will complete the work = 1080/(4 × 1 + 14 ) = 60 days

∴ 4 men and 1 woman can complete the work in 60 days

Discussion

32.	A and B are friends and A is 2 years older than B. A's father D is twice as old as A and B's age is twice as old as his sister C's age. The difference between D and C's age is 40 years. Find the age of A.1. 25 years2. 15 years3. 40 years4. 26 years
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 4 : 26 years Given: D – C = 40 years. Calculation: According to problem D – C = 40 ⇒ C = D – 40 ----1 B's age is twice as old as his sister C's age B = 2(D - 40) ----2 A is 2 years older than B A = 2(D - 40) + 2 ----3 D is twice as old as A D = 2A ----4 ⇒ D = 2(2(D - 40) + 2) ⇒ D = 4D -160 + 4 ⇒ 3D = 156 ⇒ D = 52 years From equation 4 ⇒ A = 52/2 = 26 ∴ Age of age is 26 years

32.

A and B are friends and A is 2 years older than B. A's father D is twice as old as A and B's age is twice as old as his sister C's age. The difference between D and C's age is 40 years. Find the age of A.1. 25 years2. 15 years3. 40 years4. 26 years

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 4 : 26 years

Given:

D – C = 40 years.

Calculation:

According to problem

D – C = 40

⇒ C = D – 40 ----1

B's age is twice as old as his sister C's age

B = 2(D - 40) ----2

A is 2 years older than B

A = 2(D - 40) + 2 ----3

D is twice as old as A

D = 2A ----4

⇒ D = 2(2(D - 40) + 2)

⇒ D = 4D -160 + 4

⇒ 3D = 156

⇒ D = 52 years

From equation 4

⇒ A = 52/2 = 26

∴ Age of age is 26 years

Discussion

33.	This doll is a present for my ______. I hope she likes it. A) husband B) nephew C) niece D) uncle
Answer» Correct option is C) niece

Discussion

34.	Ena was born 4 years after her parents marriage. Her mother is three years younger than her father and 24 years older than Ena, who is 13 years old. At what age did Ena's father get married ?1. 22 years2. 23 years3. 24 years4. 25 years
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 23 years Given: The present age of Ena is 13 year Calculation: ⇒ The present age of Ena's mother = 13 + 24 = 37 years ⇒ The present age of Ena's father = 37 + 3 = 40 years ⇒ The age of Ena's father when he gets married = 40 - 13 - 4 = 23 years ∴ The required result will be 23 years.

34.

Ena was born 4 years after her parents marriage. Her mother is three years younger than her father and 24 years older than Ena, who is 13 years old. At what age did Ena's father get married ?1. 22 years2. 23 years3. 24 years4. 25 years

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 23 years

Given:

The present age of Ena is 13 year

Calculation:

⇒ The present age of Ena's mother = 13 + 24 = 37 years

⇒ The present age of Ena's father = 37 + 3 = 40 years

⇒ The age of Ena's father when he gets married = 40 - 13 - 4 = 23 years

∴ The required result will be 23 years.

Discussion

35.	Read the hypothetical text and answer the following questions .Anil and Sunil started a firm on 1st April, 2020 sharing profits equally. Anil withdrew regularly ₹ 2,000 in the beginning of every month for the year ended 31St March, 2021 and Sunil withdrew the amount as follows.On 1st July,2020: ₹ 8,000On 1st October, 2020: ₹ 10,000On 1St February, 2021: ₹ 6,000As per Partnership Deed, interest on drawings is to be charged @ 10% p.a.Q1. What is the total amount of drawings of Anil and Sunil?a) ₹ 46,000 b) ₹ 48,000 c) ₹ 50,000 d) ₹ 52,000 Q2. Anil’s interest on drawings is ………………….. a) ₹ 1,100 b) ₹ 1,200 c) ₹ 1,300d) ₹ 1,400 Q3. Sunil’s interest on drawings is …………………. a) ₹ 1,000 b) ₹ 1,200 c) ₹ 1,400 d) ₹ 1,600 Q4. What is the average time period of Anil’s drawings? a) 5.5 months b) 6 months c) 6.5 months d) 12 months
Answer» Correct option is 1 b) ₹ 48,000 2 c) ₹ 1,300 3 b) ₹ 1,200 4 c) 6.5 months

35.

Read the hypothetical text and answer the following questions .Anil and Sunil started a firm on 1st April, 2020 sharing profits equally. Anil withdrew regularly ₹ 2,000 in the beginning of every month for the year ended 31St March, 2021 and Sunil withdrew the amount as follows.On 1st July,2020: ₹ 8,000On 1st October, 2020: ₹ 10,000On 1St February, 2021: ₹ 6,000As per Partnership Deed, interest on drawings is to be charged @ 10% p.a.Q1. What is the total amount of drawings of Anil and Sunil?a) ₹ 46,000 b) ₹ 48,000 c) ₹ 50,000 d) ₹ 52,000 Q2. Anil’s interest on drawings is ………………….. a) ₹ 1,100 b) ₹ 1,200 c) ₹ 1,300d) ₹ 1,400 Q3. Sunil’s interest on drawings is …………………. a) ₹ 1,000 b) ₹ 1,200 c) ₹ 1,400 d) ₹ 1,600 Q4. What is the average time period of Anil’s drawings? a) 5.5 months b) 6 months c) 6.5 months d) 12 months

Answer»

Correct option is

1 b) ₹ 48,000

2 c) ₹ 1,300

3 b) ₹ 1,200

4 c) 6.5 months

Discussion

36.	Two numbers are in the ratio 3 ∶ 5. If 12 is added to both the numbers, then the ratio becomes 5 ∶ 7. The sum of the given two numbers is 1. 482. 563. 324. 40
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : 48 Given: The ratio of two numbers = 3 ∶ 5 Calculation: Let the two number be 3x and 5x respectively Now, A/Q (3x + 12)/(5x + 12) = 5/7 ⇒ 7(3x + 12) = 5(5x + 12) ⇒ 21x + 84 = 25x + 60 ⇒ 25x – 21x = 84 – 60 ⇒ 4x = 24 ⇒ x = 6 The numbers are 18 and 30 Sum = 18 + 30 = 48 ∴ The sum of the given number is 48

36.

Two numbers are in the ratio 3 ∶ 5. If 12 is added to both the numbers, then the ratio becomes 5 ∶ 7. The sum of the given two numbers is 1. 482. 563. 324. 40

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : 48

Given:

The ratio of two numbers = 3 ∶ 5

Calculation:

Let the two number be 3x and 5x respectively

Now, A/Q

(3x + 12)/(5x + 12) = 5/7

⇒ 7(3x + 12) = 5(5x + 12)

⇒ 21x + 84 = 25x + 60

⇒ 25x – 21x = 84 – 60

⇒ 4x = 24

⇒ x = 6

The numbers are 18 and 30

Sum = 18 + 30 = 48

∴ The sum of the given number is 48

Discussion

37.	In a class of certain number of students, in the First semester the ratio between the girls and boys is 6 : 7. In the Second semester, there are 6 girls added into the class and 3 boys left the class, then the ratio of girls to boys becomes 9 : 8. In second semester, find the total number of girls in a class.1. 222. 243. 414. 295. 36
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 5 : 36 Given: Let number of girls and boys present in a class for the first semester be 6a and 7a respectively. Calculation: ⇒ (6a + 6) : (7a - 3) = 9 : 8 ⇒ 48a + 48 = 63a - 27 ⇒ a = 5 The number of girls present in a class for first semester = 6 × 5 = 30 ∴ The number of girls present in a class for second semester = 30 + 6 = 36

37.

In a class of certain number of students, in the First semester the ratio between the girls and boys is 6 : 7. In the Second semester, there are 6 girls added into the class and 3 boys left the class, then the ratio of girls to boys becomes 9 : 8. In second semester, find the total number of girls in a class.1. 222. 243. 414. 295. 36

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 5 : 36

Given:

Let number of girls and boys present in a class for the first semester be 6a and 7a respectively.

Calculation:

⇒ (6a + 6) : (7a - 3) = 9 : 8

⇒ 48a + 48 = 63a - 27

⇒ a = 5

The number of girls present in a class for first semester = 6 × 5 = 30

∴ The number of girls present in a class for second semester = 30 + 6 = 36

Discussion

38.	He’s my sister’s son. He’s my _____. A) uncle B) nephew C) niece D) bride
Answer» Correct option is B) nephew

Discussion

39.	My sister’s husband is my ______. A) brother B) brother-in-law C) cousin D) nephew
Answer» Correct option is B) brother-in-law

Discussion

40.	The ratio of the age of Ravi and Rahim 10 years ago was 1 : 3. The ratio of their age five years hence will be 2 : 3. Then the ratio of their present age will be.1. 1 : 32. 2 : 33. 3 : 54. 3 : 2
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 3 : 5 Given: The ratio of the age of Ravi and Rahim 10 years ago was 1 : 3. The ratio of their age five years hence will be 2 : 3. Concept used: Ratio and proportion Calculation: Let the age of Ravi and Rahim 10 years ago be x and 3x years. After 5 years from now, ⇒ \(\frac{{x + 15}}{{3x + 15}} = \frac{2}{3}\) ⇒ 3x + 45 = 6x + 30 ⇒ 3x = 15 ⇒ x = 5 The ratio of their present age ⇒ \(\frac{{x + 10}}{{3x + 10}}\) ⇒ 15 : 25 ∴ 3 : 5 will be their present age.

40.

The ratio of the age of Ravi and Rahim 10 years ago was 1 : 3. The ratio of their age five years hence will be 2 : 3. Then the ratio of their present age will be.1. 1 : 32. 2 : 33. 3 : 54. 3 : 2

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 3 : 5

Given:

The ratio of the age of Ravi and Rahim 10 years ago was 1 : 3. The ratio of their age five years hence will be 2 : 3.

Concept used:

Ratio and proportion

Calculation:

Let the age of Ravi and Rahim 10 years ago be x and 3x years.

After 5 years from now,

⇒ \(\frac{{x + 15}}{{3x + 15}} = \frac{2}{3}\)

⇒ 3x + 45 = 6x + 30

⇒ 3x = 15

⇒ x = 5

The ratio of their present age

⇒ \(\frac{{x + 10}}{{3x + 10}}\)

⇒ 15 : 25

∴ 3 : 5 will be their present age.

Discussion

41.	Anil is twice as old as Sunita. Three years ago, he was three times as old as Sunita. The present age of Anil is1. 6 years2. 8 years3. 12 years4. 16 years
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 12 years Given: Anil Age = 2 × Sunita age Three years ago, Anil = 3 × Sunita age Calculations: Let the age of Sunita be x Anil age at present = 2x Three years ago Sunita age = x - 3 Three years ago Anil age = 3 × (x - 3) According to first condition Anil age three years ago = 2x - 3 By equating both conditions 2x - 3 = 3 × (x - 3) ⇒ 2x - 3 = 3x - 9 ⇒ 3x - 2x = 9 - 3 ⇒ x = 6 years Present age of Anil = 2 × 6 = 12 years ∴ The present age of Anil is 12 years

41.

Anil is twice as old as Sunita. Three years ago, he was three times as old as Sunita. The present age of Anil is1. 6 years2. 8 years3. 12 years4. 16 years

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 12 years

Given:

Anil Age = 2 × Sunita age

Three years ago, Anil = 3 × Sunita age

Calculations:

Let the age of Sunita be x

Anil age at present = 2x

Three years ago Sunita age = x - 3

Three years ago Anil age = 3 × (x - 3)

According to first condition

Anil age three years ago = 2x - 3

By equating both conditions

2x - 3 = 3 × (x - 3)

⇒ 2x - 3 = 3x - 9

⇒ 3x - 2x = 9 - 3

⇒ x = 6 years

Present age of Anil = 2 × 6 = 12 years

∴ The present age of Anil is 12 years

Discussion

42.	Speed of a boat in still water is 40 kmph and it takes 5 hours for it to traverse a river 300 km wide while going with the stream. What will be the difference in time for the boat between the forward and the return journey?1. 5 hrs2. 10 hrs3. 15 hrs4. 20 hrs5. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 10 hrs Given: Speed of the boat in still water = 40 kmph Total distance = 300 km Concept: This is a simple question of boat and stream. We need to remember that, Going along the stream, resultant speed = speed of the boat in still water + speed of the stream Going against the stream, resultant speed = speed of the boat in still water - speed of the stream Formula used: s = v × t Where s = distance, v = speed of the boat, t = time taken Calculation: Effective speed of the boat along the stream = 300/5 = 60 kmph So, speed of the stream = 60 - 40 kmph = 20 kmph While returning, Effective speed = 40 - 20 = 20 kmph Time required = 300/20 = 15 hrs Required difference = 15 - 5 = 10 hrs. Students often make a mistake of not properly reading the question and puts 15 hrs as the answer as it is also in the option.

42.

Speed of a boat in still water is 40 kmph and it takes 5 hours for it to traverse a river 300 km wide while going with the stream. What will be the difference in time for the boat between the forward and the return journey?1. 5 hrs2. 10 hrs3. 15 hrs4. 20 hrs5. None of these

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 10 hrs

Given: Speed of the boat in still water = 40 kmph

Total distance = 300 km

Concept: This is a simple question of boat and stream. We need to remember that,

Going along the stream, resultant speed = speed of the boat in still water + speed of the stream

Going against the stream, resultant speed = speed of the boat in still water - speed of the stream

Formula used: s = v × t

Where s = distance, v = speed of the boat, t = time taken

Calculation:

Effective speed of the boat along the stream = 300/5 = 60 kmph

So, speed of the stream = 60 - 40 kmph = 20 kmph

While returning,

Effective speed = 40 - 20 = 20 kmph

Time required = 300/20 = 15 hrs

Required difference = 15 - 5 = 10 hrs.

Students often make a mistake of not properly reading the question and puts 15 hrs as the answer as it is also in the option.

Discussion

43.	My sister’s daughter is my ______. A) niece B) nephew C) cousin D) sister-in-law
Answer» Correct option is A) niece my sisters daughter is my niece

43.

My sister’s daughter is my ______. A) niece B) nephew C) cousin D) sister-in-law

Answer»

Correct option is A) niece

my sisters daughter is my niece

Discussion

44.	The ratio between age of Anil and Ravi is 2 ∶ 3. The ratio between Ravi’s age 7 years ago and Anil’s age 7 years after is 4 ∶ 5. What is the ratio of Anil’s age 3 years ago and Ravi’s age 3 years after is1. 2 ∶ 12. 1 ∶ 23. 3 ∶ 24. 2 ∶ 3
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 1 ∶ 2 Given: Ratio of present age of Anil and Ravi = 2 ∶ 3 Ravi’s age 7 years ago ∶ Anil’s age 7 years after = 4 ∶ 5 Concept used: To convert any ratio to exact value, we should have to multiply any constant value Calculation: Let, present ages of Anil and Ravi be 2x and 3x respectively ⇒ (3x – 7)/(2x + 7) = 4/5 ⇒ 5 × (3x – 7) = 4 × (2x + 7) ⇒ 15x – 35 = 8x + 28 ⇒ 7x = 63 ⇒ x = 9 Present age of Ravi = 3x ⇒ 3 × 9 ⇒ 27 years Present age of Anil = 2x ⇒ 2 × 9 ⇒ 18 years Ratio of Anil’s age 3 years ago to Ravi’s age 3 years after = (18 – 3) ∶ (27 + 3) ⇒ 15 ∶ 30 ⇒ 1 ∶ 2 ∴ The required ratio is 1 ∶ 2.

44.

The ratio between age of Anil and Ravi is 2 ∶ 3. The ratio between Ravi’s age 7 years ago and Anil’s age 7 years after is 4 ∶ 5. What is the ratio of Anil’s age 3 years ago and Ravi’s age 3 years after is1. 2 ∶ 12. 1 ∶ 23. 3 ∶ 24. 2 ∶ 3

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : 1 ∶ 2

Given:

Ratio of present age of Anil and Ravi = 2 ∶ 3

Ravi’s age 7 years ago ∶ Anil’s age 7 years after = 4 ∶ 5

Concept used:

To convert any ratio to exact value, we should have to multiply any constant value

Calculation:

Let, present ages of Anil and Ravi be 2x and 3x respectively

⇒ (3x – 7)/(2x + 7) = 4/5

⇒ 5 × (3x – 7) = 4 × (2x + 7)

⇒ 15x – 35 = 8x + 28

⇒ 7x = 63

⇒ x = 9

Present age of Ravi = 3x

⇒ 3 × 9

⇒ 27 years

Present age of Anil = 2x

⇒ 2 × 9

⇒ 18 years

Ratio of Anil’s age 3 years ago to Ravi’s age 3 years after = (18 – 3) ∶ (27 + 3)

⇒ 15 ∶ 30

⇒ 1 ∶ 2

∴ The required ratio is 1 ∶ 2.

Discussion

45.	My wife’s sister is my ______. A) sister-in-law B) sister C) niece D) cousin
Answer» Correct option is A) sister-in-law

Discussion

46.	My mother’s or father’s mother is my ______. A) mother B) grandfather C) grandmother D) father
Answer» Correct option is C) grandmother

Discussion

47.	My wife’s father is my ______. A) father-in-law B) grandmother C) daughter D) granddaughter
Answer» Correct option is A) father-in-law

Discussion

48.	Which of the following amino acid substitution is responsible for causing sickle cell anemia? A. Valine is substituted by Glutamic acid in the α globin chain at the sixth position B. Valine is substituted by Glutamic acid in the β globin chain at seventh position C. Glutamic acid is substituted by Valine in the α globin chain at the sixth position D. Glutamic acid is substituted by Valine in the β globin chain at the sixth position
Answer» Correct option is D. Glutamic acid is substituted by Valine in β chain at the sixth position

Discussion

49.	My female parent is my ______. A) grandmother B) father C) daughter D) mother
Answer» Correct option is D) mother

Discussion

50.	Which of the following statements indicates parallelism in genes and chromosomes? (i) They occur in pairs (ii) They segregate during gamete formation (iii) They show linkage (iv) Independent pairs segregate independently A. (i) and (iii) B. (ii) and (iii) C. (i), (ii) and (iii) D. (i), (ii) and (iv)
Answer» Correct option is D. i, ii and iv

Discussion

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