Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Inability to conceive or produce children even after 2 years of unprotected sexual cohabitation is called infertility. Various methods are now available to help such couples. These are– 

(i) In vitro fertilization – Fertilization outside the body in almost similar condition as that in the body. 

(ii) Embryo transfer – Ova from the wife/donar (female) and sperms from the husband/donar (male) are collected and are induced to form zygote under simulated conditions in the laboratory. The zygote or early embryos (with 8 blastomeres) could then be transfered into the fallopian tube and embryos with more than 8 blastomeres into the uterus, to complete its further development. 

Poultry farm management is mainly for the production of egg and meat from the poultry. In this management superior breed poultry are developed. Egg laying hens are called egg layers and meat producing are known as broilers. 

Following facts are kept in mind for poultry farm management:– 

(i) Superior Breed – Hybrid breed poultry matured in short time and their death rate are comparatively very short. For example ISL-82 and B-77 breeds are known as superior breed. 

(ii) Protected environment – Poultry habitat should be such, so that in adverse condition they are well protected. 

(iii) Feed for poultry – A balanced feed is essential in which egg-layers should be given in balanced amount of calcium & phosphorus. 

(iv) Diseases of poultry – Various diseases in poultry like ranikhet, bird flue & cholera should must be in mind.

Communicable – Such diseases which arise directly or indirectly through infection of one to another person. Such as Tuberculosis, Cholera, Malaria, Filaria etc.

Non-communicable – Such disease which do not arise directly or indirectly through infection for contact with one to another person. Such as Diabetes, Arthiritis, Protein, Mineral and vitamin deficiency diseases. 

Pathogen – The microbes which caused diseases in men are called pathogens.  

Differences between Asexual and sexual reproduction are as follows:– 

Vegetative reproduction is considered as asexual reproduction because there are no gamete formation in it and new plants are formed from same parent plant. Also new plants are genetically similar to the parent plant.

Asexual reproduction 

1. It is uniparental. 

2. Single parent is involved. 

3. No formation of male and female gametes.

4. No fusion of gametes. 

5. Produces offspring that are identical to their parents. 

6. Offspring do not show variations. 

7. Offspring are not suitable for natural selection. 

8. Offspring have no better chances, of survival. 

Sexual reproduction 

1. It is biparental. 

2. Two parents are involved. 

3. Male and female gametes are formed. 

4. Involves fusion of male and female gametes. 

5. Offspring are generally different from their parents. 

6. Offspring show variations due to genetic recombination. 

7. Offspring are suitable for natural selection since they show variations. 

8. Offspring have better chances of survival.

Production of edible protein on a large scale by means of micro-organisms for human and animal nutrition is called single cell protein. It is the dried cells of micro organisms belonging to bacteria, yeasts, moulds, higher fungi and some alage. The raw materials used for single cell protein production include straw, molasses, animal manure, waste water etc. 

Advantages of single cell protein are as follows:– 

(1) Single cell protein (SCP) provides a protein rich diet for human beings. 

(2) SCP production is based on industrial effluents helps to reduce environmental pollution. 

(3) Its production is not affected by climatic factors. 

(4) Small spaces are needed for its production. 

(5) It can be produced in laboratories all the year round. 

(6) Cost of production is very less as compared to the amount of protein produced. 

(7) SCP are very fast growing and produce large amount of proteins.

DNA fingerprinting is a very quick way to compare the DNA sequences of any two individuals. Its aims to find out genetic differences between two individuals or among individuals of a population. It involves identifying differences in some specific regions in DNA sequence called as repetitive DNA; because in these sequences, a small stretch of DNA is repeated many times. These repetitive DNA are separated from bulk genomic DNA as different peaks during density gradient centrifugation. 

Uses of DNA fingerprinting are as follows:– 

(r) It is used in forensic laboratories to recognise criminals. 

(s) Structures of DNA of two persons are not same, except identical twins. So that, with the help of it may be recognise any one. 

(t) It is used in the case of paternity testing in courts. 

(u) It is useful to make genetic map of human genome. 

(v) By this method, gain knowledge of right parents of any child. 

(w)It is used to diagnose hereditary diseases. 

(x) It is used in determining lineages of humans and other animals to ascertain biological evolution. 

(a) Potassium hexacyano ferrate (II) ion

(b) Hexa aqua chromium (III) chloride

Lyophilic sols :- Those colloidal sols which are attracted towards solvent, are called lyophilic sols. These sols are called reversible sols. They are quite stable and can not be easily coagulated.

Ex. Gelatine

Lyophobic sols :- Those colloidal sols which are not easily attracted towards solvent, are called lyophobic sols. These sols are called irreversible sols. These sols are not stable and can be easily coagulated.

Ex. Metal sulphide

\(ΔX\times mΔv=\frac{h}{4\pi}\) 

ΔX = 1Å = 10^-10m,m = 200g = 0.2 kg, h = 6.626x 10^-34Js

Δv = \(\frac{h}{4\pi mΔX}\) 

Δv = \(\frac{6.626\times^{-34}Js}{4\times3.14\times0.2kg\times10^{-10}}\) = 2.64 x 10^-24ms^-1

All sets are possible.

1. For n = 4, l can have values 0, 1, 2, 3. Thus, there are four sub-shells in n = 4 energy level. 

These four sub-shells are 4s, 4p, 4d and 4f. 

2. For n = 4, the number of orbitals = (4)² = 16. 

Each orbital can have one electron with m_s = –\(\frac{1}{2}\) .

Thus, there are 16 electrons in sub-shells having n = 4 and m_s = -\(\frac{1}{2}\)

(a) A – 3, B – 4, C – 1, D – 2

(a) sp² to sp³ 

(a) Petty shop owner – informal worker 

(b) Handloom weaver – informal worker 

(c) SBI cashier – formal worker 

(d) A street vendor – informal worker 

(e) Government hospital nurse – formal worker 

(f) Government primary school teacher – formal worker 

(g) Tailor – informal worker 

(h) Revenue inspector – formal worker 

(i) Police – formal worker 

(j) Agricultural labourers – informal workers.

(c) comparatively inert

(b)  automobiles

(a) It is the phenomenon of ejection of electrons when certain soft metals like potassium, rubidium, caesium, etc. are exposed to a beam of light. 

(b) (i) The electrons are ejected from the metal surface as soon as the beam of light strikes the surface of metal. 

(ii) The number of electrons ejected is proportional to the intensity or brightness of light. 

(iii) For each metal, there is a characteristic minimum frequency (υ₀), known as threshold frequency below which photoelectric effect is not observed.

(a) Time series 

(c) 1+3.322 logN

(a) the ordinary business.

(b) Class interval

China has the highest life expectancy.

Infant mortality rate is the death of babies per thousand live births.

The last step in developing a project is to draw meaningful conclusions after analyzing and interpreting the results.

International Labour Organisation.

Correlation studies and measures the direction and intensity of relationship among variables

Correct option is (b) 9 

(d) Class limits

Poverty is a state of living where people are unable to get the basic necessities of life.

The most important statistical tools are the measures of central tendency, dispersion, correlation bar diagrams, pie chart, histogram, etc.

National Council of Educational Research and Training.

Rural development means improvement of the socioeconomic lives of rural people by providing basic infrastructures which make them to engage in productive activities. In simple words, the term rural development refers to the overall development of the rural economy.

The four kinds of classifications used in tabulation are as follows: 

1. Qualitative classification 

2. Quantitative classification 

3. Temporal classification 

4. Spatial classification.