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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Class 11 knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1551. |
Describe the administrative set up in acient Roman empire? |
| Answer» The\xa0administration\xa0of\xa0Rome\xa0was guided by a constitution. As per the provision of this constitution, the military\xa0administration\xa0and the highest executive\xa0administration\xa0was vested with two Consuls. ... That is why they appointed two consuls. Both of them were cautious about their power.\xa0In\xa0Roman\xa0society, the aristocrats\xa0were\xa0known as patricians. The highest positions in the government\xa0were\xa0held by two consuls, or leaders, who ruled the\xa0Roman\xa0Republic. A senate composed of patricians elected these consuls. At this time, lower-class citizens, or plebeians, had virtually no say in the government. | |
| 1552. |
Which period in roman empire is regarded as a watershed? |
| Answer» 3 century period | |
| 1553. |
What constitute the chief sources for the reconstruction of roman hiatory? |
| Answer» The Roman style of history was based on the way that\xa0the Annals\xa0of the\xa0Pontifex\xa0Maximus, or the Annales Maximi, were recorded. The Annales Maximi include a wide array of information, including religious documents, names of consuls, deaths of priests, and various disasters throughout history.\xa0Historical sources\xa0are the sum total of all evidence left behind by\xa0past\xa0human society\xa0which help in reconstructing history. For studying the details of\xa0past\xa0cultures, historians depend a lot upon\xa0historical sources\xa0to tease information out of them. | |
| 1554. |
what was the akhbaar |
| Answer» Akhbaar was casually known as newspaper | |
| 1555. |
Explain the division of Roman Empire |
| Answer» Roman Empire was divided into two phases the early and late phase. Early was from the beginning to the 3 century and late from the 3 century.<br>Division of Roman Empire:\xa0\tThe Roman Empire can broadly be divided into two phases, ‘early’ and‘late’, divided by the third century as a sort of historical watershed between them.\tIn other words, the whole period from the beginning of Roman Empire to the main part of the third century can be called the ‘early empire’, and the period from the third century to the end called the ‘late empire’ or ‘late\xa0antiquity’. | |
| 1556. |
What do you understand by the orders ? |
| Answer» Thank you for this answer<br>The three orders are three social categories:\xa0Christian priests, landowning nobles and peasants.The term ‘feudalism’ has been used by historians to describe the economic, legal, political and social relationships that existed in Europe in the medieval era.\xa0First OrderPriests (The Clergy)– The Catholic Church– Europe guided by bishops and clerics.– Pope lived in Rome– Women could not be become priests– Monks – The church and SocietySecond OrderNobles– Vassals of the king– They enjoyed a privileged status– Absolute control over property– Could raise troops– Even coin his own moneyThird Order– Peasants– Free peasants and serfs– Serfs cultivated plots of land, but these belonged to the lord. | |
| 1557. |
What were the features of early urbanism |
| Answer» UrbanisationMesopotamian civilization was based on definite plan.\xa0Cities and towns are develop when an economy develops in spheres other than food production that it becomes an advantage for people to cluster in towns.Urban economies comprise besides food production, trade, manufactures and services.\xa0There is social organisation in placeHelpful for the city manufacturers.The division of labour is a mark of urban life. | |
| 1558. |
Explain the three main pillars in the poltical history of Roman empire |
| Answer» Emperor, army and senate<br>The emperor , senate, army<br>Aristocracy, emperor and army<br>The emperor, the aristocracyand the army were the\xa0"three main players" in the political history of the empire. The success of individual emperors dependedon their control of the army, and when thearmies were divided, the result usually was civil war.\xa0Except for one notorious year , when four emperorsmounted the throne in quick succession, the first two centuries werefree from\xa0civil war. | |
| 1559. |
Differences between Roman empire and Iranian empire |
| Answer» The main difference was of the culture as Rome was culturally much more diverse than that of iran<br>Roman Empire:\tRoman empire extended from Spain to Syria along the Mediterranean.\tIt had more of a diverse population in looking into its geographical expanse . It was characterised by many cultures but had common government with single ruler/emperor.\tGreek and latin languages were used for adminstrative purposes.Iranian empire:\tIt controlled major part of the Caspian sea, large parts of Afghanistan and eastern Arabia.\tThe Parthians and Sasanians dynasties,ruled over the people of Iran. It was not as diverse as the Roman empire.\tPeople spoke Persain language. | |
| 1560. |
Explain the geographical boundaries of Roman empire and,??? |
| Answer» In the north the boundaries was formed by Danube and Rhine river and south the Sahara desert in the east the Euphrates river and in West the Atlantic ocean | |
| 1561. |
What factors contributed to the success of the Arabs against the Byzantine and sasanian empires |
| Answer» Islamic\xa0decoration and architecture is very similar to the\xa0Byzantine Empire\xa0as well. The heavy use of marble and gold mosaics. The important of covering a woman\'s skin up and veiling her in\xa0Islam\xa0came directly from the\xa0Byzantine Empire. Poetry was also hugely impacted in\xa0Islam\xa0by\xa0Byzantine.\xa0These early caliphates, coupled with\xa0Muslim\xa0economics and trading, the\xa0Islamic\xa0Golden Age, and the Age of the\xa0Islamic\xa0Gunpowders, resulted in\xa0Islam\'s\xa0spread\xa0outwards from Mecca towards the Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans and the creation of the\xa0Muslim\xa0world.\xa0One reason was to spread the Islamic faith throughout the world. They\xa0were\xa0successful in the\xa0Sassanid\xa0region (and beyond), but only partially successful in the\xa0Byzantine\xa0Empire and later in Western Europe. Land grab and war booty. These\xa0were\xa0weak (Rome and\xa0Sassanids) and right for a grab. | |
| 1562. |
Mind map of mesopotamiya and it\'s geography |
| Answer» Northern Mesopotamia is made up of hills and plains. The land is quite fertile due to seasonal rains, and the\xa0rivers\xa0and streams flowing from the\xa0mountains. Early settlers farmed the land and used timber, metals and stone from the\xa0mountains\xa0nearby.\xa0Ancient Mesopotamia was located in a piece of the "The Fertile Crescent." It was located in an area now known as southern Iraq. The city of Mesopotamia was about 300 miles long and 150 miles wide. It was located between two\xa0rivers\xa0which were referred to by the ancient Greeks as the\xa0Tigris\xa0and\xa0Euphrates Rivers. | |
| 1563. |
What is TAPE GAWRA? When it was discovered? Where it is situated ? Why it was famous? |
| Answer» Tepe Gawra is an ancient Mesopotamian settlement in the Mosul region of northwest Iraq that was occupied between 5000 and 1500 BC. It contains remains from the Halaf period, the Ubaid period, and the Uruk period (4000–3100 BC). Tepe Gawra contains material relating to the Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period c. 5,500–5,000 BC. A brief exploratory dig was performed by Austen Layard before 1850.\xa0The site was formally excavated in 1927, 1931, and 1932 for a total of 8 months by archaeologists from a joint expedition of the University of Pennsylvania and the American Schools of Oriental Research, led by Ephraim Avigdor Speiser.In 2001, Mitchell Rothman reanalyzed the data from previous excavations that did not use precise stratigraphic techniques. He considerably clarified the stratigraphy of the site. | |
| 1564. |
Who founded ur and when |
| Answer» Enmerker | |
| 1565. |
What are the ability and disability to mesopotamian in harrapa? |
| Answer» The Indus people were greatly reliant on\xa0trade. They traded with many different civilizations like Persia, Mesopotamia and China. They were also known to\xa0trade in\xa0the Arabian Gulf region, central parts of Asia, portions of Afghanistan and northern and western India. Other trade goods included\xa0terracotta pots, gold, silver, metals, beads, flints for making tools,\xa0seashells, pearls, and colored gem stones, such as\xa0lapis lazuli\xa0and turquoise. There was an extensive maritime trade network operating between the Harappan and Mesopotamian civilizations.\xa0Harappan Civilization :-Harappan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization, mainly in the North-Western regions of South Asia, extending from today\'s North-Eastern Afghanistan to Pakistan, and North-Western India. It was one of the oldest civilizations of the world.Mesopotamian Civilization :-The Mesopotamian civilization was a historical region situated within the Tigris-Euphrates river system, in today\'s most of Iraq plus Kuwait, the Eastern part of Syria, South-Eastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish-Syrian and Iran-Iraq borders. It was also one of the oldest civilizations of the world.Difference Between Harappan and Mesopotamian Civilization -1) In Harappan civilization, the houses were built to the East of citadel while in Mesopotamian civilization, the houses were built around distinct palaces and temples & dedicated to the patron Gods or Goddesses.2) Most of the Harappan people lived in small villages while most of the Mesopotamians lived in cities and towns.3) The Harappans had walls built to protect their houses while the Mesopotamians had walls built to protect their cities and town.4) The Harppan people were peaceful in\xa0comparison to the Mesopotamians.5) The Harappans traded in cotton, beads, other art and jewellery while the Mesopotamians traded in precious stones.6)The Hrappans grew melons, lettuce, and general fruits and vegetables that they ate while the Mesopotamians grew flex and used it for oil, net, cloth & food.7) As far as the technology is concerned, the Harappans established exact measurement and weighing system while the Mesopotamians first created the wheel. | |
| 1566. |
Write a short note on Mecca |
| Answer» Mecca was the holy place and religious centre of islamic religion. Prophet Muhammad was born there and their only he started preaching the worship of single god, Allah. And Mecca was located on the crossroads of a trade route between Yemen and Syria .Mecca was later conquered by Muhammad<br>Search ResultsFeatured snippet from the web<a data-ved="2ahUKEwjp-aOXzMjrAhV2xTgGHcQ8DwYQ9QF6BAgJEAM" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Write+a+short+note+on+Mecca&rlz=1C1CHBD_enIN888IN888&sxsrf=ALeKk03CWAuFKJ7lzZk6QM0QLDPKJTvJaQ:1598985234617&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=MCT7TSA719I9gM%252CMP8N9zXSrQik0M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQqve3u705dkxl9pjUu9ov5zzmKzQ&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjp-aOXzMjrAhV2xTgGHcQ8DwYQ9QF6BAgJEAM#imgrc=MCT7TSA719I9gM"></a>Mecca, Arabic\xa0Makkah, ancient Bakkah, city, western Saudi Arabia, located in the Ṣirāt Mountains, inland from the Red Sea coast. It is the holiest of Muslim cities. Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was born in\xa0Mecca, and it is toward this religious centre that Muslims turn five times daily in prayer.\xa0Mecca\xa0is defined as a city in Saudi Arabia that Muslims consider to be a holy city in Islam, or any place that is the center of an activity and attracts many visitors with a similar interest. | |
| 1567. |
Q3:Why did the Knights become a distinct group? When did they decline? |
| Answer» During 9th\xa0century of Europe local wars became common. There were frequent localised wars in Europe from the ninth century onwards Good cavalry was required for wars. The amateur present-soldiers were not good enough for those wars. This need was fulfilled by the knights. In this way, knights became a distinct group to achieve this aim. The fall of the feudal power resulted in the decline of the knight during the 15th\xa0century. | |
| 1568. |
Neolithic \'jericho\' |
| Answer» What | |
| 1569. |
What is Australopithecus? |
| Answer» The word Australopithecus is derived from Latin word ‘austral’ means southern and a Greek word ‘pithekos’ which means ‘apes’. Hence, the word means southern apes (Southern Monkey). The earliest human is called so because he resembles them. | |
| 1570. |
Write an account on the feature of urbanisation? |
| Answer» The term urbanization denotes an increase in the urban population at a rate higher than that of the increase in the rural population. Features of UrbanizationThe important features of urbanization are as follows:1. Fast Growth in Urban Population: Between 1961-71 the growth rate of population in urban areas was over 38%. This was followed by a still higher growth of 46 per cent during the decade of 1971-81. Between 1981-91, the growth was, no doubt, somewhat less at over 36 per cent but it was not inconsiderable.2. Large Increase in big owns: Another noteworthy feature of urbanization is that there has been a substantial increase in the population of big towns. A substantial increase in population has taken place since 1901 in the big towns, and that a major proportion of urban population resides in them.\xa03. Regional Disparities in Urbanization: The above description provides the all-India picture. However, the variations in the level of urbanization in various states are indeed large and rates of urbanization show surprises. Again, there are variations within the regions of each state. All this point to the diversity of conditions/causes that operate in this vast country, and is suggestive of different perceptions and policies in this field. | |
| 1571. |
Meaning of cuneiform |
| Answer» It is a script of Mesopotamia. The word is derived from Latin word Cuneus meaning wedge and forma, meaning shape. Cuneiform letters were wedge shaped, hence like nails. | |
| 1572. |
Which rular was form clay tablet in first time |
| Answer» Search it on Google ? | |
| 1573. |
Compare the one of the earliest cities \'Ur\' with Indian - town Mohenjodaro. |
| Answer» Answer. The civilization of the Indus River at\xa0Mohenjo-Daro\xa0and\xa0Harappa\xa0arose at about 2500 BCE and ended with apparent destruction about 1500 BCE. ... It is situated on a Pleistocene ridge in the middle of the flood plain of the Indus River Valley, around 28 kilometres (17 mi) from the\xa0town\xa0of Larkana | |
| 1574. |
Why mesopotamia was important for european? |
| Answer» Mesopotamia important\xa0to\xa0Europeans\xa0because:\xa0Mesopotamia\xa0has good fertile land and it is considered to be ancestors\' land. ...\xa0Mesopotamia\xa0is\xa0important\xa0to\xa0Europeans\xa0because it has Tigris and Euphrates rivers that\'s\xa0why Mesopotamia\xa0land is a fertile crescent and the soil is also nutrient-rich. | |
| 1575. |
Development of writing |
| Answer» 1. Mesopotamian Writing:\tThe first Mesopotamian tablets, written around 3200 BCE, contained picture-like signs and numbers.\tWriting began when society needed to keep records of transactions – because in city life transactions occurred at different times, and involved many people and a variety of goods\tMesopotamians wrote on tablets of clay.2. Modern Writing:\xa0The greatest legacy of Mesopotamia to the world is its scholarly tradition of time reckoning and mathematics, calender. | |
| 1576. |
rst evidence of writing was found in history on which thing |
| Answer» On clay tablets | |
| 1577. |
First evidence of writing was found in history on |
| Answer» 3200 bce<br>In 3200 BCE | |
| 1578. |
Describe about the slaves in the roman empire |
| Answer» They got less salary as they work<br>They were treated badly they are forced to do more workTheir working period was 10-18 hours.They played a very important role in the foundation of Roman Empire | |
| 1579. |
Write a short note on the animal herders of Mari |
| Answer» The royal capital of Mari flourished after 2000 BCE. Mari is situated much further upstream on the Euphrates; rather than on the fertile southern plain. Some communities in the kingdom of Mari had both farmers and pastoralists. Most of its territory was used for pasturing sheep and goats. Exchange of materials was the norm between herders and farmers. But access or denial of access to water resources often led to conflict between herders and farmers. Nomadic communities of the western desert often came to the prosperous agricultural heartland. Some of them also worked as harvest laborers or hired soldiers. Some of them became prosperous and settled down. A few gained power to establish their own rule. Akkadians, Amorites, Assyrians and Aramaeans were examples of such herders. | |
| 1580. |
What was the fiscal system adopted by the Muslim rulers? |
| Answer» Fiscal system” may be defined as the apparatus or bureaucracy installed by a state or a ruler in order to take in revenue in the form of taxes, dues, and so on, and also the apparatus designed to control expenditures. Such a system can be studied in at least three aspects: First, its relationship to the ruler or the government; second, its relationship to those groups in the population who serve as sources of revenue (“taxpayers”); and third, the policies it develops in its own interests. The first aspect concentrates on the task the fiscal administration is assigned: raising sufficient revenue to cover expected expenses (or to limit expenses according to income). The focus in this case is on the central administration where political decisions are made and where the final accounting takes place. The second aspect concentrates on the practical process of raising revenue. Thus, the focus should be on the provinces and on the face-to-face contact between fiscal agents and the “taxpayers.” The third aspect concentrates on the fiscal administration itself, the social background of the fiscal agents, and the good or bad functioning of the apparatus viewed as a social organism in its own right. It is the first aspect that has dominated research; in this article, an additional focus will be given to the “provincial” aspect. | |
| 1581. |
What was the taxation system in Islamic Kingdom? |
| Answer» Islamic taxes\xa0are taxes sanctioned by Islamic law.Islamic taxes include:i. zakat - one of the five pillars of Islam. Only imposed on Muslims, it is generally described as a 2.5% tax on savings to be donated to the Muslim poor and needy. It was a tax collected by the Islamic state.ii. jizya - a per capita yearly tax historically levied by Islamic states on certain non-Muslim subjects—dhimmis—permanently residing in Muslim lands under Islamic law, the tax excluded the poor, women, children and the elderly.iii. kharaj - a land tax initially imposed only on non-Muslims but soon after mandated for Muslims as well.iv. ushr - a 10% tax on the harvests of irrigated land and 10% tax on harvest from rain-watered land and 5% on Land dependent on well water.\xa0The term has also been used for a 10% tax on merchandise imported from states that taxed the Muslims on their products. Caliph `Umar ibn Al-Khattāb was the first Muslim ruler to levy ushr | |
| 1582. |
Which steps were taken by the ruler for agricultural prosperity ? |
| Answer» Steps taken by Akbar to improve agriculture:\tAcceptance and following of the Todar Mai’s measures by which he ordered periodic survey of all the cultivable land in his empire.\tAbolition of Jagirs who created problem in the surveyed land.\tImplementation of zfibti system in 1582. \tHe assessed the crops in search of best crops and offered and appreciated the farmer with wealth\xa0who comes up with best crop of the year. | |
| 1583. |
What was iqta system ? |
| Answer» Iqta System• The Iqtadari was a unique type of land distribution and administrative system evolved during the sultanate of Iltutmish.• Under this system, the entire empire was very evenly divided into several large and small tracts of land, called the Iqtas.• These plots of land were assigned to the various nobles, officers and soldiers for the purpose of easy and flawless administration and revenue collection.• The Iqtas were transferable, i.e., the holders of Iqtas-Iqtadars-were transferred from one region to other every three to four years.• The holders of small Iqtas were individual troopers. They had no administrative responsibilities.• Muhammad of Ghur in 1206 A.D. the able king was the first to introduce the Iqta system in India, but it was lltutrnish who gave it an institutional form. The Iqtadari system witnessed numerous changes during the Sultanate period. Initially, Iqta was a revenue-yielding piece of land which was assigned in lieu of salary. However, during Firuz Shah Tughlaq\'s reign,in the year 1351 A,D, it became hereditary. | |
| 1584. |
Who were known as Outremer ? |
| Answer» The First Crusade took place in 1098-99. Soldiers from France and Italy captured Antioch in Syria and claimed Jerusalem. There was mass slaughter of Muslims and Jews in the city. The Franks quickly established four crusader states in the region of Syria-Palestine. These territories were collectively known as Outremer (the land of overseas). | |
| 1585. |
Who were called infrinji? |
| Answer» | |
| 1586. |
Describe the main features of Hammurabi\'s code of law. |
| Answer» Hammurabi was a famous king of Babylonia. He got prepared the world\'s first Code of Laws. He also got it engraved on a very big stone shaft in the form of 282 articles.These laws were connected with trade, exchange of money, payment of taxes, theft, murder etc. Most of the laws were based on the\xa0principal\xa0of "An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth".<br>The code of Hammurabi is inscribed on this seven-foot basalt stele. The stele is now at the Louvre. The code of Hammurabi refers to a set of rules or laws enacted by the Babylonian King Hammurabi ( region 1792-1750 B.C. ) . The code governed the people living in his fast-growing empire.\xa0 | |
| 1587. |
What is the contribution of the Mesopotamian civilization to world ? |
| Answer» 1. The Mesopotamians were the first people to introduce the use of the potter\'s wheel to the world.2. They were the first to enter into\xa0written\xa0trade agreement.3. They also introduced to the world the idea of a written Code of Law.4. They were the first people to divide a day into 24 hours, an hour into 60 minutes and a minute into 60 seconds.5. They were first to develop a script and established the libraries and reading rooms.<br>The contributions:\xa01. The Mesopotamians were the first people to introduce the use of the potter\'s wheel to the world.2. They were the first to enter into\xa0written\xa0trade agreement.3. They also introduced to the world the idea of a written Code of Law.4. They were the first people to divide a day into 24 hours, an hour into 60 minutes and a minute into 60 seconds.5. They were first to develop a script and established the libraries and reading rooms. | |
| 1588. |
Carbon 14 rule |
| Answer» | |
| 1589. |
Comment on the invention of the wheel and how it was used? |
| Answer» The wheel was a great pre-historic invention. Early men used the wheel to move\xa0heavy objects, as a means of transport & for pottery.People even today make\xa0great use of this invention.The invention of the wheel brought about new ways of doing things. This made\xa0work easier and inspired even more new ideas for inventions.The invention of wheel changed the life of early man in the following ways1)\xa0It was used to carry goods from one place to another.2)\xa0It was used to move\xa0from one place to another.3)\xa0It was used to make carts like sledges and rafts. | |
| 1590. |
Chapter 1 explain |
| Answer» | |
| 1591. |
Give some example of literary and archeology source to reconstrust the history of roman empire |
| Answer» | |
| 1592. |
Give any two example of germanic tribes |
| Answer» The\xa0western\xa0German tribes\xa0consisted of\xa0the\xa0Marcomanni, Alamanni, Franks, Angles, and Saxons, while\xa0the\xa0Eastern\xa0tribes\xa0north of\xa0the\xa0Danube consisted of\xa0the\xa0Vandals, Gepids, Ostrogoths, and Visigoths.\xa0The\xa0Alans, Burgundians, and Lombards are less easy to define.\xa0There were many Germanic tribes: the\xa0Goths, Vandals, Franks,\xa0Lombards, Angles,\xa0Saxons, Swedes, Danes, and others. During the first millennium AD a great deal of the European continent came under Germanic rule and thus their names were imported into southern regions such as Spain and Italy. | |
| 1593. |
Name the important centers of mesopotamiya civilization. |
| Answer» Mesopotamia is a Greek word which means ‘The land between the two rivers\'. It was so called because the whole area of Mesopotamian civilization was planked by the two rivers, Tigers and Euphrates.The important centres of this civilization were Sumer, Babylonia, Akkad and Assyria.<br>Mesopotamia is a Greek word which means ‘The land between the two rivers\'. It was so called because the whole area of Mesopotamian civilization was planked by the two rivers, Tigers and Euphrates.The important centres of this civilization were Sumer, Babylonia, Akkad and Assyria. | |
| 1594. |
What are the settlements from which the earliest cities emerged? |
| Answer» The first urban\xa0settlements\xa0are thought to have started around 3500BC in lower Mesopotamia (Sumer) around the Tigris and Euphrates. First was Ur, which from 2300 BC to 2180BC was the capital\xa0city\xa0of the Sumerian Kingdom, extending north along the Fertile Crescent, possibly as far as the Mediterranea | |
| 1595. |
What is feature of Mesopatamia civilization |
| Answer» The three unique characteristics of Mesopotamian civilization were:\tTowns were constructed according to pre-planned strategy.\tBaked bricks were used for construction.\tMost of the houses were of single story having a courtyard. | |
| 1596. |
What language were known to the mesopotamian? |
| Answer» The first known language of the Mesopotamia was “Sumerian” butIts was gradually replaced by “Akkadian” around “2400 BCE”When?The Akkadian speaker arrived.Its may help you. | |
| 1597. |
Define vassalage |
| Answer» Vassalage\xa0is a kind of feudal system who is obliged to follow his lord or monarch. The obligation may be in the form of military support when required or mutual protection in return to certain privileges. | |
| 1598. |
Describe the development from 1092 till 1291. |
| Answer» | |
| 1599. |
What do you know about the ancient town of Mesopotamia |
| Answer» \tCity life began in Mesopotamia (Mesopotamia is derived from the Greek words ‘mesos’, meaning middle, and ‘potamos’, meaning river.)\tIt is\xa0a flat land between the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers that is now part of the Republic of Iraq. | |
| 1600. |
What is the ancient religion of Iran? Mention its some features. |
| Answer» Sumirean religion , agriculture, temple,writing on clay | |