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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 201. |
What was the role of middle classes in ending the privileges? |
| Answer» Solution : In the past, peasants and workers had participated in the REVOLTS against increasing taxes and food scarcity. But they could not change the social and economic ORDER. This was left to those GROUPS within the Third Estate who had become PROSPEROUS and had access to education and new ideas. The 18th century witnessed the emergence of social groups termed as middle class who EARNED their wealth through an expanding overseas trade and from manufacturing goods and exporting them. In addition to merchants and manufacturers, the Third estate included professions such as that of lawyers or administrative officials. All of these were educated and believed that no group in society should be privileged by birth. Rather, a person.s social position must depend on his merit. | |
| 202. |
What was Nazism ? |
| Answer» Solution :It was a system INTRODUCED by Hitler, which had a STRUCTURE of ideas about the WORLD and POLITICS. | |
| 203. |
How did the First World War on the Eastern Front differed from that on the Western Front? Explain. |
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Answer» Solution :(i) On the Western front, war was STRONGLY fought by Great BRITAIN, who were having STRONG naval force and strong army. ii. On the Eastern Front was Russia and there was already existing turmoil inRussia due to Russianrevolution, so they could not concentrate much on the war front leading to a large number of casualties and destruction. iii. Though Germany gave equal FIGHT on both Eastern and Western part as they were fighting on both the front asa part of a block called central POWER. |
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| 204. |
What was 'Holocaust' ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The atrocities and SUFFERINGS that Jews had endured during the NAZI KILLING OPERATIONS is known as the ..Homocaust... | |
| 205. |
What was a ‘Directory'? Why was it removed from France? |
| Answer» Solution :After the FALL of JACOBINS, a new Constitution was formed which denied the right to vote to non propertied men. It provided two elected LEGISLATIVE Councils, who APPOINTED a Directory, an executive MADE up of five members. However, the directors often clashed with the legislative councils and were finally dismissed. With this, political instability emerged in France which gave rise to a military dictator, Napoleon Bonaparte. | |
| 206. |
Match the column A with the column B. |
| Answer» Solution :(i) (E) (II) (d) (iii) (B) (iv) (a) (V) (c) | |
| 207. |
A National Assembly meet at ______________ and established a democratic constitution with a federal structure. |
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| 208. |
Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follows: SOURCE – A: The French Revolution Finally, a group of several hundred people marched towards the eastern part of the city and stormed the fortress-prison, the Bastille, where they hoped to find hoarded ammunition. In the armed fight that followed, the commander of the Bastille was killed and the prisoners released – though there were only seven of them. Yet the Bastille was hated by all, because it stood for the despotic power of the king. The fortress was demolished and its stone fragments were sold in the markets to all those who wished to keep a souvenir of its destruction. Source A : Why was the Bastille hated ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The Bastille was hated by all, because it STOOD for the despotic POWER of the king. | |
| 209. |
In Nazi Youth Organisation, boys learnt to ______________ war and hate _______________ . |
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| 210. |
How are forests affected by wars? |
| Answer» Solution :The two World Wars had major IMPACTS on FORESTS. More trees were cut to meet the WARTIME needs of Britain. In Java, the Dutch followed .scorched earth. policy just before the Japanese occupation of the region. They destroyed sawmills and BURNT huge piles of giant TEAK logs. The Japanese then continued the exploitation of forests. They forced forest villagers to cut down forests. For many villagers, it was an opportunity to expand cultivated area. | |
| 211. |
The Nazi regime used language and media with case, and often to great effect'. Explain and justify. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Media was used by Nazis to propagate their ideas world over. NAZI ideas were spread through visual images, films radio posters, catchy slogans and leaflets. Socialists and liberals were stereotyped as weak and degenerated. Propaganda films were made to create HATRED for the Jews. The most infamous film was .The Eternal Jew.. Orthodox Jews were shown with flowing beared wearing Kaftans, WHEREAS in reality, they looked LIKE any other German. Jews were referred to as vermin rats and pests. | |
| 212. |
Who was the first Inspector General of Forests in India? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :A German FOREST Expert, Dietrich Brandis was the first Inspector General of FORESTS in INDIA. | |
| 213. |
In scientific forestry, natural forests which had lots of same type of trees were cut down. |
| Answer» SOLUTION : In scientific FORESTRY, natural forests which had LOTS of different TYPES of trees were CUT down. | |
| 214. |
How was the taxation policy responsible for the French evolution? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) The French society as divided into three estates—First, SECOND and THIRD estates respectively. (ii) First and Second estates which formed 10 per cent of the total population consisted of CLERGY and nobles. They enjoyed all privileges.(iii) Rest of the 90 percent population of the third estate paid all kinds of direct or indirect taxes, member of Third estate believed that no group in society should be PRIVILEGED by birth. |
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| 215. |
How did American war of Independence add more debt to France? |
| Answer» Solution :The FRENCH ARMY supported thirteen colonies of America in their war of independence against Britain. It added more than one billion livres (unit of CURRENCY in France) that had risen to more than two billion livres with TEN percent interest on loans. | |
| 216. |
Read the sources given below and answer the question that follow : SOURCE - B The Detruction od Democracy On 30 January 1933, President Hindenburg offered the Chancellorship, the highest position in the cabinet of ministers, to Hitler. By now the Nazis had managed to rally the conservatives to their cause. Having acquired power, Hitler set out to dismantle the structures of democratic rule. A mysterious fire that broke out in the power, Hitler sest out to dismantle the structures of democratic rule. A mysterious fire that broke out in German Parliament building in February facilitated his move. The Fire Decree of 28 February 1933 indefinitely suspended civil rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly that had been guaranted by the Weimar constitution. Then he turned on his archenemies, the Communists most of whom were hurriedly packed off to the newly established concentration camps. What was the First Decree ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The Fire Decree of 28 February 1933 INDEFINITELY SUSPENDED civil RIGHTS like freedom of SPEECH, press and assembly that had been guaranteed by the Weimar constitution. | |
| 217. |
How did the economic crisis begin in the USA ? |
| Answer» Solution :In USA, it began with the crash of the Wall Street Exchange in 1929, when USA could not recover its loans. Gearing a fall in price, people MADE frantic EFFORTS to sell their shares. On a single day, 13 million shares were sold. Factories shut sown, banks were bankrupt, exports fell, farmers were badly hit, leading to UNEMPLOYMENT. | |
| 218. |
Which species of trees were promoted for the building of ships or railways? |
| Answer» SOLUTION : TEAK and Sal species were promoted for the BUILDING of SHIPS or railways. | |
| 219. |
Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follows: SOURCE – C: The Reign of Terror The period from 1793 to 1794 is referred to as the Reign of Terror. Robespierre followed a policy of severe control and punishment. All those whom he saw as being 'enemies' of the republic - ex-nobles and clergy, members of other political parties, even members of his own party who did not agree with his methods – were arrested, imprisoned and then tried by a revolutionary tribunal. If the court found them ‘guilty' they were guillotined. The guillotine is a device consisting of two poles and a blade with which a person is beheaded. It was named after Dr Guillotin who invented it. Source C : What was the purpose of Gillotine in the reign of Robespierre ? |
| Answer» Solution :The people whom ROBESPIERRE thought as his enemies and the people who did not agree with his METHODS were TRIED and gillotined. | |
| 220. |
Why did the Tsarist autocracy collapse in 1917? |
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Answer» Solution :Thefollowing points present the background of the miserable conditions of the working population of Russia, which were also the reasons for the collapse of the TSARIST autocracy in 1917 There was a widespread discontent against the autocratic rule to Tsar. The Russian people wanted the end of war and conclusion of peace. But Tsar who had already mismanaged the war, still insisted to continue the war. The peasants were the worst sufferers. They wanted that cultivable land should be givenn to the tillers, but the autocratic and corrupt government did not pay any NEED to theri demands. The condition of the workers was also very deplorable.They could not form any trade unions and political parties to EXPRESS their grievance. Most industries were run by the private industrialists. Many times these workers did not get even the minimum fixed wages. There was no limit of working hours as a result of which they had to WORK from 12-15 hours a day. The autocratic rule of the Tsar had become quite inefficient. He was a self willed, corrupt and oppressive ruler who never cared for the welfare of the people or the country. The teachings of Karl Marx also encouraged the people to raise a standard revolt. The Tsar.s participation and defeat in the first World War proved the LAST straw to break the camel.s back. |
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| 221. |
What was Soviet? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :SOVIET was a COUNCIL of soldiers and striking WORKERS of RUSSIA. | |
| 222. |
What promise was made by Hitler to the people as a leader of Germany ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :He promised to BUILD a strong nation, UNDO the injustices of the TREATY of Versailles and restore the DIGNITY of the German people. | |
| 223. |
Assertion: All political parties were illegal in Russia 1914. Reason: The Russia Social Democratic Worker's Party wasfounded in 1898 by socialist and had to operate as an illegal organisation. |
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| 224. |
How were forests cleared to expand the railway network in India in the early 19th century? |
| Answer» Solution :(i) The spread of the railways from the 1850s created a new DEMAND for timber.(ii) Railway was needed for the spread of trade in India. To run locomotives, WOOD was neededas fuel and to lay railway lines, sleepers were required to HOLD the tracks together. (iii) As the railway tracks spread, a large number of trees were felled. The government gavecontracts to individuals to SUPPLY timber.These contractors BEGAN cutting trees indiscriminately. | |
| 225. |
To encourage women to produce many children, ______________ crosses were awarded. |
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| 226. |
The French society, before 1789, was divided into three estates, hence, it was called a |
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Answer» SOCIETY of ESTATES |
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| 227. |
Who were called 'November Criminals' ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Those who supported the WEIMER Republic mainly Socialists, CATHOLICS and Democrats were mockingly called the .NOVEMBER CRIMINALS.. | |
| 228. |
Which special surveillance and security forces were created by Nazis ? |
| Answer» Solution :Apart from they already existing police in green uniform and the Storm Troopers (SA), these included the Gestapo (Secret STATE Police) the SS (the protection squads) CRIMINAL police and security service. It was the extra consitutional powers of these NEWLY organised forces that gave the Nazi state its reputation as the most dreaded criminal state. People could now be detained in Gestapo torture chambers, rounded up and sent to concentration camps, deported at will or arrested without any legal PROCEDURES. The police forces ACQUIRED powers to rule with impunity. So, in this way special surveillance and security forces were created to control or order society in ways that Nazis wanted. | |
| 229. |
Give a brief description about the woodcutter community of Java - the Kalangs. |
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Answer» Solution :The Kalangs of JAVA were skilled forest cutters and they PRACTISED shifting CULTIVATION . They were so valuable that when the kingdom of Java split, the Kalang families were equallydivided between two kingdoms. Without them, it was difficult to HARVEST teak and build kings. palaces. The Dutch tried to make the Kalangs work under them. In 1770, the Kalangs RESISTED by attacking a Dutch fort but they were suppressed. |
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| 230. |
How was forest conservation carried out by the Asian and African countries later on? |
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Answer» Solution :Conservation of forests rather than collecting timber became a more important goal. The GOVERNMENT realised that in order to meet this goal, the people who live near the forests must be involved. In many cases, such as from Mizoram to Kerala, dense forests have survived only because villages protected them in .sacred GROVES.. Some villages have been patrolling their own forests, with each household taking it in turns, instead of LEAVING it to the forest guards. Local forest communities and environmentalists are THINKING of different forms of forest management. Many movements like the .Chipko Movement. were started to save trees fromthe ruthless cutting down for COMMERCIAL purposes. |
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| 231. |
Write a short note on the leeven - year - old Helmuth's experiences in Germany. |
| Answer» Solution :Helmuth was in bed when heard his parent DISCUSSING something seriously. His father was a doctor, who was discussing with his wife that either they had to commit suicide or the Jews would kill them for revenge. NEXT day, the father spent some time with his son Helmuth and LATER, shot himself in his office . His uniform was silently burnt in the family.s fireplace. Helmuth was so traumatised by this incident that he refused to EAT at home for the fear that mother would posion him. This was the tragic end of his father, who was a Nazi SUPPORTER. | |
| 232. |
How Hitler started dismantling democratic rule Germany ? |
| Answer» Solution :A mysterious FIRE that BROKE out in the German Parliament BUILDING in February FACILITATED the move of Hitler. | |
| 233. |
Stability of the years between 1924-1928 was built on quick sand. |
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| 234. |
The British decided to invite a _____expert, _______ for advice and made him the first_____,________ of forests in India. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :GERMAN, DIETRICH Brandis, INSPECTOR General | |
| 235. |
Roadways were essential for colonial trade and for the movement of imperial troops. |
| Answer» Solution : Railways were essential for COLONIAL TRADE and for the movement of IMPERIAL troops. | |
| 236. |
Who all got the right to vote for National Assembly? |
| Answer» Solution :Only MEN above 25 years of age, who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a LABOURERS. WAGE were GIVEN the status of active citizen and the right to vote. | |
| 238. |
Write a few lines to show what you know about : Women workers between 1900 and 1930 |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Women participated in both, the RUSSIAN Revolution of 1905 and the February Revolution of 1917, to improve the conditions of Russia and shape its future. (ii) Women workers made up to 31% of the factory labour force by 1917, but their WAGES were less compared to men. (iii) Women shared double form of responsibilities they took care of their duties at home, took care of their children and worked in thefactories as well. They were active participants of the country and inspired their male co-workers. iv. Let us take the incidence of Marfa Vasileva, where a female worker in the Lorenz Telephonne Factor raised her voice against the increasing prices and high handedness of the factory owners and also organised a successful strike. This incident was followed by another ONE wher women workers established a SOCIALISTIC state in Russia. |
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| 239. |
Which period is known as “Reign of terror' in France? |
| Answer» Solution :Maximilien Robespierre.s period is known as “REIGN of TERROR. when he FOLLOWED a policy of severe CONTROL and punishment in France. | |
| 240. |
Describe the French division of society. |
| Answer» Solution :The French SOCIETY was divided into three Estates: (i) FIRST Estate: It comprised of the church and the clergy. They enjoyed certain privileges by birth. They were exempted from paying taxes to the state. (ii) Second Estate: In the second estate, were the nobles and other rich members. They were also exempted from paying taxes. They also enjoyed FEUDAL privileges. These included feudal dues from the peasants. (iii) THIRD Estate: About 90 per cent of the population was peasants. They were obliged to work in the fields of their landlords as well as in their houses, and also serve in the army. They were paying all direct taxes like ‘taille. and a number of indirect taxes were also levied on articles of everyday consumption like salt or tobacco | |
| 241. |
'By the end of 1940, Hitler was at the Pinnacle of his Power''. Explain the statement. |
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Answer» Solution :Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany on 30th January, 1933. He indefinitely suspended civil rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly. Then he turned his attention to concentration camps set up for communists. • Enabling Act This Act established distatorship in Germany. It gave Hitler all powers to establish his rule. He banned all other political parties and trade unions. • SECURITY Forces Special security forces were created to control and order society in WAYS that the Nazis wanted. People could now be detained in GESTAPO torture chambers, sent to concentration camps or arrested without any legal PROCEDURES. • Foreign Policy Hitler first of all pulled his country out of the LEAGUE of Nations. He reoccupied Rhineland area and integated his country. Then he occupied Sudetenland from Crechoslovakia and later gobbled up whole country. |
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| 242. |
Assertion (A) : In 1805, Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself Emperor of France. Reason (R) : Initially, many saw him as a liberator who would bring freedom for the people. |
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Answer» Both A and R are TRUE and R is the CORRECT EXPLANATION of A. |
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| 243. |
Would you agree with the view that the message of universal rights was beset with contradictions? Explain. |
| Answer» Solution :The contradiction that FOLLOWS in the message of universal rights as per the FRENCH Constitution of 1791 was women being completely ignored. Women were STRUGGLING for equal political rights. All the rights at that time were given to men. Apart from that the presence of huge number of people as passive citizens, without voting rights, was LIKE not putting into practice what you preach. It COULD also be said that the declaration of universal rights was a good beginning but it left much to be desired. In this universal rights poor were suppressed. Constitution was only available for the rich. Women were completely neglected in decision making. | |
| 244. |
What was Marseillaise? What led to the formation of Marseillaise? |
| Answer» Solution :Marseillaise was a patriotic song composed by poet Roget de L.Isle. Although Louis XVI signed the constitution, he entered into a secret negotiation with the King of Prussia. RULERS of the other neighbouring countries too were worried by the developments in France and made plans to send TROOPS to put down the events that had been taking place there since the summer of 1789. Before this COULD happen, the National Assembly voted in April 1792, and declared war against Prussia and Austria. Thousands of volunteers THRONGED from the PROVINCES to join the army. They saw this as a war of the people against kings and aristocracies all over Europe. So Marseillaise was sung for the first time by the volunteers from Marseilles as they marched into Paris and so got its name. The Marseillaise is now the national anthem of France. | |
| 245. |
Robespierre was convicted by a court in 1795, arrested and on the next day hanged. |
| Answer» Solution :ROBESPIERRE was convicted by a COURT in 1794, arrested and on the NEXT day and guillotined. | |
| 246. |
Name the leader who led procession of workers to winter palace. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :FATHER Gapon. | |
| 247. |
Assertion (A) : When a forest was burnt, there was the added danger of the flames spreadingand burning valuable timber.Reason (R) : Shifting cultivation also made it easier for the government to calculate taxes. |
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Answer» Both A and R are true and R is the CORRECT EXPLANATION of A. |
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| 248. |
A forest in which people were allowed to stay on condition of free service was known as |
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Answer» PROTECTED forests |
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| 249. |
What were the ideals of Conservatives? |
| Answer» Solution :They were opposed to RADICALS and LIBERALS. They believed that the PAST had to be respected and CHANGE had to be borught about through a slow process. | |