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The correct choice is (d) Bituminous

Explanation: In general, bituminous, anthracite coal or COKES are used as raw MATERIALS in the production of water GAS. Off-gases and NAPHTHA is used in the production of SYNTHESIS gas.

The correct OPTION is (c) Liquefaction

To explain: In solvay process, saturated brine is PUMPED into saturator VIA a GAS washer and saturated with ammonia and this saturated ammonia is pumped through clarifier in order to remove PRECIPITATED water hardeners.

Right answer is (d) All of the mentioned

For explanation I would SAY: A mixture of urea, AMMONIUM CARBAMATE, H2O and unreacted NH3+CO2 results after reaction between compressed CO2 and NH3 in an autoclave.

The CORRECT ANSWER is (b) Molybdenum

To explain: Molybdenum is used as catalyst promoter in synthesis of AMMONIA by Haber’s PROCESS.

The correct CHOICE is (a) 5-7%

Explanation: Indian pyrite ore at Amjhore contains 5-7% of SiO2 and requires either floatation INITIALLY or extra LIMESTONE to flux out the SILICA.

The CORRECT option is (c) Low DENSITY

For EXPLANATION: Ideal performance criteria for propellants are- HIGH heat of reaction, low molecular weight combustion products, high density, non-corrosive, low toxicity, readily ignitable and low cost.

Correct option is (B) Pentaborane

The BEST I can explain: Diborane is a colorless gas. Pentaborane is a colorless LIQUID. Decaborane is a white solid. BORANE is a colorless gas. Borane is also CALLED borine.

Correct answer is (a) TNT

To elaborate: Uses of TNT (TRINITROTOLUENE) are -primarily MINES and demolition explosives, ALSO used in booster explosives and missile and rocket propellants while urea nitrate is used for manufacture of AGRICULTURAL FERTILIZER.

The correct answer is (d) Hydrogen distillation

For explanation I would say: The cryogenic or LOW -temperature PROCESS must be coupled with a synthesis gas plant to extract the deuterium and effectively use the hydrogen for chemical synthesis or ROCKET PROPELLANT fuel.

Right option is (d) Phosphate rock

For EXPLANATION I would SAY: In phosphate rock inclusions U3O8 can be RECOVERED as by-product of phosphate fertilizer production. Extraction is ECONOMIC as LONG as carnotite and pitchblende exist in abundance.

Correct choice is (b) STRONG acid

Best explanation: In ION-exchange process, when the exchange capacity of the RESIN has been exceeded, the activity of the ion exchange resin can be readily regenerated by forcing the reverse reaction to occur. Strong acid is added to the CATION exchanger in back flow and highly basic solution is added to the anion exchange resin.

The correct option is (b) Mercury CELL

Explanation: Denuding reaction OCCURS in the mercury cell of ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS of chlorine production. In denuding reaction amalgam reacts with water to produce sodium HYDROXIDE, hydrogen and chlorine.

The correct ANSWER is (B) Fused K2CO3

Easiest EXPLANATION: Fused K2CO3 is used as ELECTROLYTE in high temperature fuel cell using COAL. Coal volatiles are sent into a high temperature fused K2CO3 electrolyte fuel cell from retort.

Right choice is (a) \(\frac{(T_1-T_2)}{T_2} \)

To EXPLAIN I would say: The efficiency of an ideal Carnot cycle is given by \(\frac{(1-T_2)}{T_2},\) where T1 is high TEMPERATURE reservoir and T2 is low temperature reservoir.

The correct option is (b) 80°C

For EXPLANATION: If the temperature is above 100°C, other products are formed which are difficult to filter. By adjusting the temperature to 80°C, GYPSUM is formed which can be easily FILTERED.

Correct choice is (a) 15-20 min

Explanation: ACID is MIXED with GROUND rock in a continuous mixer, which is SENT into continuous BELT reactor where reaction completes in 15-20 min.

Correct answer is (a) WATER QUENCH

For explanation: In sachsse process carbon BLACK is removed in water quench and on a moving bed after that acetylene and its dimmer is absorbed in ABSORBER. CO shift converter is used to REMOVE CO.

Right choice is (B) Arc process

The BEST explanation: REFORMING and partial combustion is used in MANUFACTURE of synthesis GAS, and water gas is associated with regenerative process thus arc process is used in the production of acetylene.

The correct CHOICE is (d) Burning of fuel

The explanation is: Burning of fuel INVOLVES the production of waste GASES which is used to produce sulfuric acid. This operation is KNOWN as byproduct sulfuric acid operation. Oxidation REDUCTION and elemental sulfur mining is basically used to produced sulfur.

Right answer is (d) COOLING gas

For explanation: The relatively cool gas is added ALONG the OUTSIDE of converter tube walls to provide cooling so that carbon steel can be used for thick wall pressure vessel and INTERNAL tubes.

The CORRECT OPTION is (d) 28

Explanation: Atomic WEIGHT of Nitrogen is 14.Therefore the weight of N2 MOLECULE is 2(14) = 28.

Correct CHOICE is (c) C2H2

The EXPLANATION: The CHEMICAL formula of acetylene is C2H2.

The CORRECT choice is (b) CH3OH + B3H3O6

The EXPLANATION is: Methyl borate is prepared by the reaction of METHANOL with metaboric acid. Sodium hydride is prepared as dispersion and added to a jacket reactor ALONG with methyl borate and resulting sodium borohydride reaction.

The correct choice is (b) High concentration of OH-

Explanation: Because of the higher concentration of hydroxide ION maintained to kill bacteria and insure a reasonable removal of MG as Mg(OH)2, this effluent water MUST be re-carbonated to neutralize the EXCESS alkalinity.

Correct option is (c) NH3 ABSORBER TOWER

For explanation I would say: In solvay or ammonia-soda PROCESS, the purified BRINE is pumped to the ammonia absorber tower where it dissolves NH3 with liberation of heat. Some CO2 ALSO dissolves in this tower.

Correct choice is (a) Single effect EVAPORATOR

Easy EXPLANATION: The DILUTE acid (phosphoric acid) produced in wet process byH2SO4 leaching method is concentrated in a single effect evaporator up to 50%. Most of it is converted into high concentration CHEMICAL fertilizer.

Correct answer is (d) Jaw crusher

To EXPLAIN: In calcium phosphate production, phosphate rock LUMPS are crushed in a jaw crusher and ground to 100 MESH in a hammer or ring mill and further mixed with H2SO4 to gives superphosphate.

Right choice is (B) Low temperature

Easiest explanation: Cryogenics in chemical TECHNOLOGY, deals with the PRODUCTION and utilization of low temperature in the region from absolute ZERO to 123 KELVIN.

The correct option is (b) 33%

To explain I would say: 35% of total cycle time is taken by BLOW or heat up, 33% and 30% is took by downrun and uprun operation REMAINING 2% of total cycle time it took by short purge uprun operation.

The CORRECT option is (a) Elemental sulfur

Explanation: Elemental sulfur is PRODUCED by thermal dissociation and general combustion of PYRITES in Finnish process and in general chlorine is produced by mercury cell electrolysis, DIAPHRAGM cell electrolysis and membrane cell electrolysis.

The correct answer is (a) 60

For EXPLANATION: Molecular formula of UREA is NH2CONH2. WEIGHT of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and HYDROGEN is 14, 16, 12 and 1 respectively. Therefore, Weight of Urea = 14*2+4+12+16 = 60.

Correct answer is (a) Exothermic

The best I can EXPLAIN: The reaction that OCCURS is N2 + 3H2 which gives 2NH3, The reaction is reversible with ΔH = -22.0 Kcal.

Correct CHOICE is (d) Semtex

Easy explanation: Semtex is an ODORLESS red explosives which is insensitive to heat, shock and FRICTION. It can be used as secondary blasting. Semtex is generally KNOWN as “magic marble PARDUBICE”.

The correct choice is (b) HMX

Easiest explanation: Chemical iterations of HMX explosives are SOLUBLE in acetone but INSOLUBLE in WATER while in case of PETN those are insoluble in water, barely soluble in alcohol, ether and BENZENE, and soluble in acetone, methyl acetate.

The correct choice is (d) All of the mentioned

The EXPLANATION is: Nitrogen is abundantly available in atmosphere and reaction with HYDROGEN at specific conditions will give rise to ammonia, which is used in making fertilizers, nitric ACID, and nitrogen chemical compounds LIKE NITROBENZENE etc.

The correct CHOICE is (a) Coal mining

The explanation is: Industrial USAGE of HIGH explosives in CATEGORIES such as coal mining-30%, metal mining- 20%, non-metallic mining and quarrying -23%, construction and ROAD building-25%.

The correct ANSWER is (c) Quicklime

To elaborate: Quicklime: high calcium(>90% CAO); LOW magnesium (5-25% MGO), dolomitic (25-40% MgO). Hydraulic lime and slaked lime contain Ca(OH)^2 and MgO-Mg(OH)^2 in varying PERCENTAGE.

The CORRECT OPTION is (a) TRUE

The BEST explanation: The statement is true since copper is removed in first leaching, nickel in second leaching, and then COBALT is removed similarly by altering conditions.

Correct option is (B) Series

Best explanation: In the reaction mentioned, the REACTANT A undergoes reaction which GIVES R (PRODUCT). Now R acts as a reactant and undergoes reaction to give S. Hence, the reaction occurs in series.

Right CHOICE is (b) Pure chlorine GAS

The best explanation: Advantages of mercury cell PROCESS are pure chlorine gas and pure 50% sodium hydroxide without evaporation. Pure sodium hydroxide is an advantage of membrane process. UTILIZATION of less pure brine is an advantage of diaphragm cell process.

The CORRECT answer is (d) NaHg+H2O →NaOH+\(\frac{1}{2}\) H2 + Hg

The explanation: Denuding reaction is the reaction of sodium amalgam with water, which on reacting produces sodium hydroxide, hydrogen, and MERCURY.