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The development of the manufacturing industries is used as the criterion to measure the economic strength of the country. For the general and economic development of the country, the manufacturing sector plays an important role and is the backbone of development. Manufacturing industries increased the job opportunities in the secondary and tertiary sector, reducing the dependence of people on the agricultural sector. 

It brings foreign exchange as manufactured goods are exported which increases trade and commerce of the country. It is considered that country which used raw materials to make finished goods are the prosperous one, thus India should expands manufacturing industries of the country.

For the development of the country industrial development should be the main concern which will eradicate poverty and unemployment. Public sector industries and joint sector ventures in India consider this as their main philosophy. By the establishment of the industries in tribal and backward areas, regional disparities and difference among the people will gradually come down. It is true, that Industrialization assists in bringing in foreign exchange. Manufactured goods which are exported which increases trade and commerce of the country which in turn brings foreign exchange.

Our traditional industries suffered a setback during the colonial period because they could not compete with the mill-make cloth from England.

In ancient India, cotton textiles were produced with hand spinning and handloom weaving techniques.

Textile industry is the only industry in India which is self reliant.

Agriculture forms the basis of any developing economy, and transforming agriculture from traditional to modern techniques is also important. This modern techniques in agriculture are done by equipment manufactured by the industries.

The products that industries produce for agriculture are:

Irrigation pumps, fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides, plastics, and PVC pipes, machines, tools etc. are some that are put in use by the farmers.

Agriculture and industry are not exclusive of each other. They move hand in hand.

(i) For instance, the agro-industries in India have given a major boost to agriculture by raising its productivity.

(ii) They depend on the latter for raw materials and sell their products such as irrigation pumps, fertilisers, insecticides, pesticides, plastic and PVC pipes, machines and tools, etc. to the farmers.

(iii) Thus, development and competitiveness of manufacturing industry has not only assisted agriculturists in increasing their production but also made the production processes very efficient.

Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Odisha, Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, etc. are major centers of paper industry in India.

Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Ankleshwar, Bharuch etc. are major centers of chemical industry in Gujarat.

There are five major shipbuilding centers in India. Public sector shipbuilding industries at Vishakhapatnam, Kolkata, Kochi, Mumbai and Marmagao produce modern ships. Out of these, Kochi and Vishakhapatnam build large size ships.

Electronic Industry is an important industry that covers a wide range of products including TV, Telephones, cellular Telecom, Computers, etc.

India has emerged globally in this sector. Bengaluru has emerged as the electronic capital of India. There are also other cities that have engaged itself in this sector. They are Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Pune, Chennai, Lucknow, Coimbatore.

Plastic industry is known as ‘Sunrise Industry’.

India ranks second after China in the production of cement in the world. India produces about 6% of the total production of cement in the world.

The industry producing vehicles with faster speed is known as transport equipment industry.

Though India is an important producer of iron and steel, we are not able to perform to our full potential because of the following reasons:

• High cost and limited availability of coking coal. 
• Labour engaged in production has low productivity. 
• Irregular supply of electricity add up to its problems of production. 
• Technological development in iron and steel industries is less.
• Resource allocation for research and development in production of steel are comparatively very less.

Railways manufacture the equipment of its own requirement by itself, such as railway engines, passenger coaches, goods coaches etc. These are also produced privately. There are three types pf railway engines- steam, diesel, electric.