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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 151. |
Which of the following microbe is used for ripening of Swiss cheese?A. Penicillium roquefortiiB. P. camembertiiC. Propionibacterium sharmaniiD. Steptomyces griseus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 152. |
Why is aerobic degradation more important than anaerobic degradation for the treatment of large volumes of wastewaters rich in organic matter. Discuss. |
| Answer» Aerobic degradation is more important as naturally occurring aerobic and facultative microbes (bacteria fungi, Protozoa and others) in the waste water can rapidly oxidise soluble organic and nitrogeneous compounds. Mechanical addition of oxygen makes the process faster and most of the pathogenic content of the effluent is removed. | |
| 153. |
In a microbiology laboratory, the technician uses heat to sterilise the nutrient solution that is used to grow a fungus. When the heating system broke down, he sterilised the solution by passing it (in a sterile environment) through a sterile filter with a pore size of `0.2` micrometers. when the fungs was grown on the filtered nutrient solution, it stopped growing and looked unhealthy within a few days. which statements is the most likely explanation for the observed effects on the fungus ?A. The nutrient solution contained a virus.B. Heating makes the glucose in the nutrient solution more digestibleC. Filering removed one of the larger nutrient moleculesD. The nutrient solution contained a bacterium that was pathogenic to the fungus. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A The nutrient solution could have contained a virus which passed easily through the sterile filter of pore size of `0.2` micrometer. This caused retarded and unhealthy growth of the fungus. |
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| 154. |
Refer the given flowchart sewage treatment, accordingly mathc Column I with Column II and select the correct answer from the codes given below A. A-(vii), B-(iv),C-(v), D-(iv), E-(ii), F-((ii), G-(i)B. A-(i), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(vii), E-(ii), F-(iv), G-(iv)C. A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv), E-(v), F-(vi), G-(vii)D. A-(vii), B-(vi), C-(i), D-(ii), E-(iii), F-(iv), G-(v) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Primary treatment remove floating and suspended solids from sewage through fitration and sedmientation . Secondary treatement is purley a bioligaical treatement involving microbial acitivity. Most of the suspended material get concentrated and settles down. he sedimentation is called the primary sludge and supermatan is called effuent. The effluent is passed through a sedimentation tank where microbial flocas are allowed to settle down. the settled material is called activated sludge. A part of activated sludge is used as incolum in aeration tank. The remaining is passed into a large tank called anaerobic sludge digester.p |
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| 155. |
Study the following statements and select the incorrect ones (i) Physical removeal of large and small particles through filtration and sedimentation is called primary sewage treamtent. (ii) Secondry sewage treatment is mainly a mechanical process (iii) Activated sludge sediment is a sewage treatement plant is a rich soruce of aerobic bactria.A. (i) and (ii)B. (ii) and (iv)C. (ii) and (iii)D. (ii) and (iv) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The stage in which biologial treatement of sewage is done is called secondary treatement. Biogas is mixture of gasses containing predominathly methane produced by micoorganism. Which may be used as fuel type of gas produced deopends on microbes and the organic substrae they utlize. Here the raw material is cellulose ahnd the gases produced are methane along with `CO_(2)` and `H_(2)` |
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| 156. |
Physical removal of large and small particle from the sewage through filtration and sedimentation is calledA. Primary treatmentB. Secondary treatmentC. Tertiary treatmentD. Biological treatment |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 1 | |
| 157. |
In which of following step large and small particles are removed from sewage through sequential filtration and sedimentation?A. Primary treatmentB. Secondary treatmentC. Biological treatmentD. Tertiary treatment |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 158. |
Study the following statements and select the incorrect ones. (i) Physical removal of large and small particles through filtration and sedimentation is called primary sewage treatment. (ii) Secondary sewage treatment is mainly a mechanical process. (iii) Activated sludge sediment in a sewage treatment plant is a rich source of aeroic bacteria. (iv) Biogas, commonly called as gobar gas, is pure methane.A. (i) and (ii)B. (ii) and (iv)C. (ii) and (iii)D. (iii) and (iv) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Secondary treatment is also called biological treatment or microbial degradation. It is mainly a biological process. Biogas is a mixture of gases, containing predominantly methane `(50 - 70%), CO_(2) (30- 40%)` and traces of hydrogen `H_(2)S` and nitrogen. |
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| 159. |
Physical removal of large and small particles from the sewage through filtration and sedimentation is done under- |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Primart treatment | |
| 160. |
Physical removal of large and small particle from the sewage through filtration and sedimentation is calledA. Primary treatmentB. Secondary treatmentC. Biological treatmentD. Both B and C |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Physical removal of large and small particles from the sewage through filtration and sedimentation is called primary treatment. |
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| 161. |
Select the correct statement from th following.A. Activated sludge in settlement tanks of sewage treatment plant is a rich source of aerobic bacteriaB. Biogas is produced by the activity of aerobic bacteria on naimal waste (dung)C. Methanobacterium is an aerobic bacterium found in rumen of cattleD. Biogas, commonly called gobar gas, is pure methane. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A ` *` Biogas is produced by the activity of anaerobic bacteria on animal waste (dung). `*` Methanobacterium is an anaerobic bacterium found in rumen of cattle. `*` Biogas, commonly called gobar gas, is mainly methane (about 70%). |
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| 162. |
Group of bacteria used in biogas production isA. EubacteriaB. OrganotrophsC. MthanotrophsD. Methanogens |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Group of bacteria used in biogas production is methanogens. |
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| 163. |
What is the chemical nature of biogas. Name an organism which is involved in biogas production? |
| Answer» The chemical nature of biogas is `CH_(4),CO_(2),H_(2)` and a trace amount of `H_(2)S` Methanobacteria, a type of methanogen is employed for biogas production. | |
| 164. |
Name the main component of biogas? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Methane | |
| 165. |
Tannin isA. Made of phenol ringsB. Capable of precipitating gelatinC. Used for formation of leatherD. All the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 166. |
What do you understand by the term organic farming? |
| Answer» Organic farming is raising of crops through the use of biofertilisers that provide optimum nutrients to crop plants. | |
| 167. |
Biogas plant consists of cocrete tank, ______ feet deep, in which biowastes are collected and slurry of dung is fed. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 10 - 15. | |
| 168. |
Match the following list of microbes and their importance A. `{:("(A)","(B)","(C)","(D)"),("(iii)","(ii)","(i)","(iv)"):}`B. `{:("(A)","(B)","(C)","(D)"),("(iv)","(ii)","(i)","(iii)"):}`C. `{:("(A)","(B)","(C)","(D)"),("(iii)","(i)","(iv)","(ii)"):}`D. `{:("(A)","(B)","(C)","(D)"),("(iii)","(iv)","(i)","(ii)"):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 169. |
Match the following list of microbes and their importance A. a(iii), b(i), c(iv), d(ii)B. a(iii), b(iv), c(i), d(ii)C. a(iv), b(iii), c(ii), d(i)D. a(iv), b(ii), c(i), d(ii) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 2 | |
| 170. |
Assertion : Yeast such as Saccharomyces cervisiae are used in banking industry. Reason : Carbon dioxide produced during fermentation causes bread dough to rise by thermal expansion.A. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertionB. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explananation of the assertionC. If the assertion is true but the reasons is falseD. If both the assertion and reason are false |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Bakers yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) is added to flour during kneading. Yeast secretes enzymes like amylase (change some starch to maltose), maltase (maltose to glucose ) and zymase (glucose to ethyl alcohol and `CO_(2)` Leavened dough is baked and both alcohol and `CO_(2)` evaporate. The bread becomes soft and porous. |
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| 171. |
Antibiotics inhibit the growth of or destroyA. Bacteria and fungiB. Bacteria and virusesC. Bacteria , alge and virusesD. Bacteria fungi and viruses |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Clinically, an antibotic is a substance produced by a micro-organism which in low concentration inhibits the growth and metabolic activity of pathogenic organsims without harming the host cell. |
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| 172. |
Antibiotics inhibit the growth of or destroyA. Bacteria and fungiB. Bacteria and virusesC. Bacteria , fungi and virusesD. Bacteria , algae and viruses |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 173. |
Antibiotics inhibit the growth of or destroyA. bacteria and fungiB. bacteria and virusesC. bacteria, fungi and virusesD. bacteria, algae and viruses |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 3 | |
| 174. |
Which one of the following antimicrobial drugs is suitable for treatment of both tuberculosis and leprosy?A. IsoniazidB. R -aminosalicylic acidC. streptomycinD. Rifampicin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 175. |
Which of the following is included in biopesticide?A. Viruses and bacteria onlyB. Viruses, bacteria and fungi onlyC. Viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoaD. Viruses, bactera, fungi and protozoa only |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 3 | |
| 176. |
Find out the pairs which are correctly matched `{:(a.,"Cyanobacteria",1.,"Biopesticide"),(b.,"Mycorrhiza",2.,"Solubilisation of phosphate"),(c.,"Bacillus thuringiensis",3.,"Cry protein"),(d.,"Single cell protein",4.,"Rhizobia"):}`A. A and 2B. B and 3C. C and 4D. A and 3 |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 3 | |
| 177. |
Which of the following is not used as biopesticide ?A. Bacillus thuringiensisB. Soccharomyces cerevisiaeC. Nuclear polyhedrosis virusD. Xanthomonas compestris |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 178. |
Which of the following is not used as a biopesticide ?A. Xanthomonas compestersB. Bacillus thuringiensisC. Trichoderma harzianumD. Nucleo polyhedro virus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 179. |
Find out the pairs which are correctly matched `{:(a.,"Cyanobacteria",1.,"Biopesticide"),(b.,"Mycorrhiza",2.,"Solubilisation of phosphate"),(c.,"Bacillus thuringiensis",3.,"Cry protein"),(d.,"Single cell protein",4.,"Rhizobia"):}`A. a and bB. b and cC. c and dD. a and d |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 180. |
Main objective of production of herbicide resistant GM crops is toA. eliminate weeds from the field without the use of manual labourB. eliminate weeds from the field without the use of herbicidesC. encourage eco-friendly herbicidesD. reduce herbicide accumulation in food particles for health safety |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D The main objective of production/use of herbicide resistant Genetically Modified (GM) crops is to reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety. The chemical substance, which are used to kill or repel pest are called pesticides . The chemical substance which are used to destory weeds are called herbicides. |
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| 181. |
Modern detergents contain enzyme preparations ofA. ThermophilesB. AcidophilesC. AlkaliphllesD. Thermoacidophiles |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 2 | |
| 182. |
Which one of the following bacterium is used extensively as biopesticide?A. Bacillus subtilisB. Streptococcus lactisC. Bacillus thuringenesisD. Lactobacillus acidophilus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 183. |
Which of the following statements is correct ?A. Extensive use of chemical fertilisers may lead to eutrophication of nearby water bodiesB. Both Azotobacter and Rhizobium fix atmospheric nitrogen in root nodules of plantC. Cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc are important mobiliser of phosphates and potassium for plant nutrition in soilD. At present it is not possible to grow maize without chemical fertilizer. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Out of the following statement (a) is correct as eutrophication is caused by run off water from fertilised fields, sub-urban lawns, feed lots and detergents rich sewage. It is phenomenon of nutrient enrichment of a water body. |
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| 184. |
Which proves to be effective biological control for nematodal pathogens of plants?A. Pisolithus tinctoriusB. Pseudomyces lilacinusC. Gliocladium virensD. Paecilomyces lilacinus |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Paecilomyces lilacinus has proved effective for biological control of nematodal disease in plants. It is easily produced in vitro. It attrack the eggs of several nematode species and highly effective treatment of plant matter e.g. seed tuber. |
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| 185. |
Which proves to be effective biological control for nematodal pathogens of plants?A. Pseudomonas cepaciaB. Pisolithus tinctoriusC. Gliocladium virensD. Paecilomyces lilacinus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 186. |
Which proves to be effective biological control for nematodal pathogens of plants?A. Glicoladium virensB. Paecilomces lalacinusC. Pisolithus tinctoriusD. Pseudomonas cepacia |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Paecilomyces lilacinus is a fungus which principally infects eggs of root knot nematode (Meloidoyne sp.) and cyst nematodes (Gobodera and Heterodera sp.) |
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| 187. |
Which proves to be effective biological control for nematodal pathogens of plants?A. Paecilomyces lilacinusB. Pisolithus tinctoriusC. Pseudomonas cepaciaD. Gliocladium virens |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 3 | |
| 188. |
A : Baculovirus are species specific. R : It is very common in root ecosystem and effective against several plant pathogens.A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1)B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2).C. If Assertion is true statement but Reaosn is false, then mark (3).D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements, then mark (4). |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 3 | |
| 189. |
Which of the following statements is correct with regard to biocontrol agents ?A. Ladybird and dragoniflies are used to get rid of aphids and mosquitoes respectively.B. Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria are used to control butterfly caterpillarsC. Trichoderma species are used to control several plant pathogensD. All of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 190. |
The effective biocontrol agents of serveral plant pathogens are species ofA. AspergillusB. BaculovirusesC. TrichodermaD. Dragonflies |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 3 | |
| 191. |
Read the following statements and select the correct option. Statement 1 : Biocontrol refers to the use of biological methods for controlling plant diseases and pests. Statement 2 : Use of biocontrol measures will greatly reduce our dependence on toxic chemicals and pesticides.A. Both statements 1 and 2 are correctB. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrectC. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correctD. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 192. |
Which of the following statements regarding baculoviruses as biocontrol agents is/are correct ?A. The majority of baculovirus used as biocontrol agents are included in the genus-NucleopolyhedrovirusB. Infection with baculoviruses occurs when susceptible hosts (e.g., some specific insects) eat virus particle present on foliage and dies.C. These are important in organic farming because of their specific action on harmful insects without causing and damage to beneficial insects as well as to the environmentD. All of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 193. |
Explain how the following microbes act as biocontrol agents: (a) Bacillus thuringiensis (b) Nucleopolyhedrovirus |
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Answer» (a) Bacillus thuringiensis acts as a biocontrol agent by synthesizing some insecticidal crystal proteins. Scientists have now identified the genes for insecticidal crystal proteins. They have isolated the genes from the bacteria and incroporated them into the genetic material of various crop plants through recombinant DNA technology. These crops have now become resistant to perts 2 insects. (b) Nucleopolyhedrovirus : These fviruses are known to infect the larval stages of many harmful insects These biological weapons are not only effective as potential biological control of these insects but are also harmless to nontarget organisms. |
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| 194. |
Monascus purpureus is a yeast ued commercially in the production ofA. EhanolB. Streptokinase for removing clots from the blood vesselsC. Cirtic acidD. Blood chloesterol lowering stains |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Statins produced by the yeast Mocascus purpureus have been commercialised as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis is choleserol. |
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| 195. |
Monascus purpureus is a yeast ued commercially in the production ofA. ethanolB. steptokinase for removing clots from the blood vesselsC. citric acidD. blood cholesterol lowering statins. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 196. |
Match the following list of microbes and their importance `{:((a),"Saccharomyces cerevisiae",(i),"Production of immunosuppressive agents"),((b),"Monascus purpureus",(ii),"Ripening of Swiss cheese"),((c),"Trichoderma polysporum",(iii),"Commercial production of ethanol"),((d),"Propionibacterium sharmanii",(iv),"Production of blood-cholestrol lowering agents"):}`A. (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c )-(iii), (d)-(i)B. (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c )-(i), (d)-(iii)C. (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c )-(iv),(d)-(iii)D. (a)-(iii),(b)-(iv),(c )-(i), (d)-(ii) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D `{:((a),"Saccharomyces cerevisiae",(iii),"Commercial production of ethanol"),((b),"Monascus purpureus",(iv),"Production of bloodcholestrol lowering agents"),((c),"Trichoderma polysperum",(i),"Production of immunosuppressive agents"),((d),"Propionibacterium sharmanii",(ii),"Ripening of Swiss cheese"):}` |
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| 197. |
What would happen if oxygen availability to acitivated sludge flocs is reducedA. It will slow down the rate of degradation of organic matterB. The centre of flocs will become anoxic, which would caouse death of bacteria and eventually breakage of flocsC. Flocs would increases in size s anaerobic bacteria would grow around flocsD. Protozoa would grow in large numbers |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 198. |
Which of the option shows following examle in ascending ordr in terms f BOD (i) Distilled water (ii) Tap water (iii) Sewage wastes drained in riverA. i-ii-iiiB. ii-i-iiiC. iii-i-iiD. iii-ii-i |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Domestic sewage mostly contains biodegradable organic matter which readily decompose by micro oranisms for biodegradation of organic matter. Micro organism consume lot of `O_(2)` resulting sharp decline of dissolved `O_(2)` in river/ water body. Thus BOD will increase. |
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| 199. |
During sewage treatment, biogases are produced which includes :A. methane,oxygen,hydrogen,sulphideB. hydrogen,sulphide, methane, sulphur dioxideC. hydrogen,sulphide,nitrogen,methaneD. methane,hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 200. |
Which one of the following is not a biofertlizerA. AgrobacteriumB. RhizobiumC. NostocD. Mycorrhiza |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 1 | |