InterviewSolution
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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Removal of RNA polymerase III from nucleoplasm will affect the synthesis of Or Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase III catalyse the synthesis ofA. tRNAB. hn RNAC. m RNAD. r RNA |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 2. |
PCR and restriction Fragements length Polymorphism are the methods forA. Study of enzymesB. Genetic transformationC. DNA sequencingD. Genetic fingerprinting |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 3. |
Transposons are :A. house keeping genesB. jumping genesC. transporting genesD. stationary genes |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 4. |
Who performed the transformation experiments in bacteria ?A. MacleodB. GriffithC. PasteurD. Meselson and Stahl |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Transformation experiments in bacteria were first performed by Griffith. |
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| 5. |
Choose the correct symbols : `RNA overset(a)(rarr) DNA overset(b)(rarr) DNA overset(c)(rarr) mRNA overset(d)(rarr)` PolypeptideA. a = Replication, b = Transcription, c = Translation, d = TransductionB. a = Reverse transcription, b = Translation, c = Transcription, d = ReplicationC. a = Replication, b = Transformation, c = Transcription, d = TranslationD. a = Reverse transcription b = Replication, c = Transcription, d = translation |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D `RNA overset("Reverse transcription")(rarr) DNA overset("Replication")(rarr)` `DNA overset("Transcription")(rarr) mRNA overset("Translation")(rarr)` Polypeptide |
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| 6. |
Which of the following RNAs have clover leaf structure?A. transfer RNAB. messenger RNAC. ribosomal RNAD. gheterogenous RNA |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 7. |
The eukaryotic genome differs from the prokaryotic genome becauseA. Repetitive sequences are present in eukaryotesB. Genes in the former case are organized into operonsC. The DNA is complexed with histones in prokaryotesD. The DNA is circular and single stranded in prokaryotes |
| Answer» Correct Answer - d | |
| 8. |
Name the three RNA polymerases found in eukaryotic cells and mention their functions. |
| Answer» RNA polymerases I, ri and ill catalyze the transcription of rRNA, mRNA and tRNA respectively. | |
| 9. |
Semiconservative replication of DNA was first demonstrated inA. Drosophila melanogasterB. Escherichia coli (bacteriaC. Streptococcus pneumoniaeD. Salmonell typhimurium |
| Answer» Correct Answer - b | |
| 10. |
Semiconservative replication of DNA was given byA. Watson and CrickB. Bateson and PunnetC. Messelson and stahlsD. Avery, McCarty and MacLeod |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 11. |
Semiconservative replication of DNA was first demonstrated inA. Streptococcus pneumoniaeB. Salmonella typhimuriusC. Drosophila melanogasterD. Escherichia coli |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 12. |
DNA polymerases I and II are generally used in DNA replicationA. to cut the helix at certain placesB. for proof reading & repairC. adding carbonyl compoundD. breaking and joining pieces of one DNA strand |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 13. |
The wrong base if added, is remvoed and proper baase is usually added during DNA replication byA. DNA polymerase IB. LigaseC. DNA polymerase IIID. RNA primer |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 14. |
DNA replication is:-A. semiconservative, directional and continuousB. semi conservative, bidirectional and continuousC. semi conservative, bidirectional and semi discontinuousD. semi conservative only |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 15. |
One functional unit of gene which specifies synthesis of one polypeptide is known as Or The equivalent of a structural geneA. mutonB. cistronC. operonD. recon |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Cistron is the segment of DNA which determines the synthesis of complete polypeptide . Thus , it is considered as equivalent to a correct and others are incorrect. Concept Enhancer Eukaryotic structural gene is monocistronic whereas prokaryotic structural gene is polycistronic. Muton Smallest unit of genomic DNA containing a cluster of genes under control of single promoter. Recon Smallest unit of DNA for recombination. |
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| 16. |
Under the concept of triplet code, the segment of DNA specifying one full functional polypeptide chain is known as:-A. transposonB. operonC. codonD. cistron |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 17. |
Find out the correct answers out of the following discoveries. 1. Griffith - transformation 2. Gamow - Triplet code 3. Miescher - Nucleic acidA. 1,2 and 3 correctB. 1 and 2 correct, 3 falseC. 1 correct, 2 and 3 falseD. 1 and 3 correct, 2 false |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A 1. Griffith - Transformation (1928) 2. Gamow - Triplet code 3. Miescher - Nucleic acid (1869) |
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| 18. |
Retroviruses have no DNA. However, the DNA of the infected host cell does possess viral DNA. How is it possible ? |
| Answer» The virus has RNA genome. When it enters in the infected host cell, RNA replicates to form viral DNA using enzyme reverse transcriptase. This viral DNA then incorporates into host genome. | |
| 19. |
which is the transcriptionally inative chromatin ?A. EuchromatinB. HeterochromatinC. Loosely packed chromatinD. Both B and C |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B `**" "`In a typical nucleus, some region of chromatin are lossely packed (and strains light) and are referred to as euchromatin. `**" "` The chromatin that is more densely packed and stains dark are called as Heterochromatin. `**" "`Euchromatin is said to be transcriptionally active chromatin, whereas heterochromatin is inactive. |
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| 20. |
After splicing, which two additional processing steps hnRNA needs to undergo so as to become functional ? |
| Answer» Two additional processing steps that hnRNA is needed to undergo are capping and tailing. | |
| 21. |
Name the transcriptionally active region of chromatin in a nucleus. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Euchromatin. | |
| 22. |
Change from purine to pyrimidine or pyrimidine to purine is called :A. translationB. transcriptionC. transitionD. mangeisum sulphate |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 23. |
Purine possess nitrogen atA. 1, 2, 4, 6 positionB. 1, 3, 5, 7 positionC. 1, 3, 7, 9 positD. 1, 2, 6 and 8th position |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 24. |
Eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes in the mechanism of DNA replication due toA. number of origins of replicationB. semi discontinuous rather than semi continuous replicationC. use of DNA primerr rather than RNA primerD. unidirectional rather than bidirectional replication |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 25. |
Assertion : Split genes are found in eukaryotes. Reason : Introns or intervening sequences are found in prokaryotes.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C `**` In eukaryotes, the monocistronic structural genes have interrupted coding sequences - the genes in eukaryotes are split. `**` The coding sequences or expressed sequences are defined as exons. `**` Exons are said to be those sequence that appear in mature or processed RNA. `**` The exons are interrupted by introns. `**` Introns or intervening sequences do not appear in mature or processed RNA. |
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| 26. |
Name the components ‘a’ and ‘b’ in the nucleotide with a purine, given below: |
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Answer» a = P (Phosphate) b = Base |
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| 27. |
Mutation altering nucleotide sequence within a gene areA. Frame shift mutationsB. Base pair substitutionC. Both A and BD. None of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Mutations altering nucleotide sequence within a gene are frame shift mutations. |
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| 28. |
What are the functions of mRNA and tRNA ? What anticodons will be required to recognize the following codons ? (i) AAU, (ii) CGA, (iii) UAU, (iv) GCA. |
| Answer» mRNA carries a message from DNA to ribosomes in the form of sequence of triplet codes. it acts as a plateform where protein synthesis takes place. tRNA transfer aminoacids to protein synthesizing apparatus. mRNA possess codons and tRNA possess anti.codons. The anticodons are - (i) UUA, (ii) GCU, (iii) AVA, (iv) CGU. | |
| 29. |
What do you call a noncoding Intervening nucleotide sequence in a eukaryotic gene? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - lntrons | |
| 30. |
The amino acid arginine has 6 mRNA codons : CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA and AGG. Give the DNA codons for it. |
| Answer» GCA, GCG, GCT, GCC, TCT and TCC. | |
| 31. |
What are introns ? |
| Answer» Non-coding nucleotide sequences in a eukaryotic gene, not represented in mRNAs. | |
| 32. |
Which base triplets code for the amino acid phenylalanine ? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - UUU, UUC. | |
| 33. |
Of the 64 posible code triplets, how many code for amino acids and how many for stop signals ? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 61, 3. | |
| 34. |
Which of the following is a sulphur containing amino acidA. AlanineB. GlycieneC. MethionieD. Valine |
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Answer» Correct Answer - c c) Methionine is the sulphur containing amino acid because it has sulphur atom in side chain. |
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| 35. |
Are there any base triplets that code for amino acids and also for start signals ? Name these. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Yes, AUG and GUG. | |
| 36. |
Name two sulphur containing and two basic amino adds. |
| Answer» Sulphur containing amino acids : Methionine, Cysteine , Basic amino acids : Lysine, Arginine. | |
| 37. |
How many codons code for amino acids ? (a) 64 (b) 61 (c) 68 (d) 60 |
| Answer» Correct Answer - (b) | |
| 38. |
Which of the following inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50 S ribosomeA. TetracyclineB. StreptomycinC. ErythromycinD. Penicillin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - c | |
| 39. |
Assertion : In aDNA molecule, A-T rich parts melt before G-C rich parts. Reason : In between A and T there are three H-bond, whereas in between G and C there are two H-bondsA. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.C. If the assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 40. |
Which antibiotic inhibits peptide bond formationA. StreptomycinB. TetracyclineC. ChloramphenicolD. Neomycin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 41. |
`tRNA` recognises ribosome byA. `T Phi C` loopB. DHU loopC. Anticodon armD. AA-site |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 42. |
List two essential roles of ribosome during translation. |
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Answer» The important functions of ribosome during translation are as follows. Ribosome acts as the site where protein synthesis takes place from individual amino acids. It is made up of two subunits. The smaller subunit comes in contact with mRNA and forms a protein synthesizing complex whereas the larger subunit acts as an amino acid binding site. Ribosome acts as a catalyst for forming peptide bond. For example, 23s r-RNA in bacteria acts as a ribozyme. |
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| 43. |
Which of the following is not required for any of the techniques of DNA fingerprinting available at presentA. Zinc finger analysisB. Restriction enzymesC. DNA- DNA hybridizationD. Polymerase chain reaction |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 44. |
The basis of DNA fingerprinting is :A. The double helixB. Errors in base sequenceC. Polymorphism in sequenceD. DNA replication |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 45. |
Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings: (a) Promoter (b) tRNA (c) Exons |
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Answer» (a) Promoter Promoter is a region of DNA that helps in initiating the process of transcription. It serves as the binding site for RNA polymerase. (b) tRNA tRNA or transfer RNA is a small RNA that reads the genetic code present on mRNA. It carries specific amino acid to mRNA on ribosome during translation of proteins. (c) Exons Exons are coding sequences of DNA in eukaryotes that transcribe for proteins. |
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| 46. |
Sequenciong the whole set of genome that contained all the coding and non-coding sequence and later assigning different region in the sequences with functions are refferred to asA. Expressed TagsB. Sequence AnnotationC. ESTsD. SNPs |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Sequencing the whole set of genome that contained all the codin and non-coding sequence and later assigning different region in the sequence with functions are referred to as Sequence Annotation. |
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| 47. |
Assertion : Repetitive sequences make up very large portion of human genome. Reason : Repetitive sequences do not have direct coding functions in the genome.A. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertionB. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertionC. If assertion is true but reason is falseD. if both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - b (b) : Repeated or repetitive sequences make up a large portion of human genome. These sequences are nucleotide sequences that are repeated many times. They have no direct coding function but provid informations as to chromosome structur, dynamincs and evolution. |
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| 48. |
In eukaryotic genes, coding sequences are called :A. intronsB. operonsC. exonsD. cistrons |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C In split genes coding region is called exons . In higher organisms (eukaryotes) gene is not continuous , within a single gene there may be four or five silent regions . These regions are called introns (which do not transcribe mRNA) . The remaining part is called as exons (transcribr temporary complementary pairing with three bases on mRNA). |
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| 49. |
Assertion : Chromosome 1 has 231 genes and the Y has 2968 genes. Reason : Repetitive sequences of DNA are through to have direct coding function and shed light on chromosome structure, dynamics and evolution.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D `**` Chromosome 1 has most genes (2968), and the Y has the fewest (231). `**` Reptitive sequences are streches of DNA sequences that are repeated many times, sometimes hundered to thousand times. They are thought to have no direct coding functions, but they shed light on chromosome structure, dynamics and evolution. |
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| 50. |
the mechanism that causes a gene to move from one linkage group to another is called :A. inversionB. duplicationC. translocationD. crossing over |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |