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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 51. |
The binding energy of an element of `64 MeV`. If `BE//"nucleon"` is 6.4, then the number of nucleons areA. 10B. 64C. 16D. 6 |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Binding energy `= 64 MeV` Binding `"energy"//"nucleon" = 6.4` `:.` Number of nucleon `= (64)/(6.4) = 10` |
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| 52. |
An element `._(96)X^(227)` emits `4alpha and 5 beta` particles to form new element Y. Then atomic number and mass number of Y areA. 93, 211B. 211,93C. 212,88D. 88,212 |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A `._(96)X^(227) rarr Y + 4 alpha + 5 beta` On equations mass number `227 = y + 4 xx 4 + 0, y = 211` On equating atomic number `96 + y + 2 xx 4 - 5, y = 93` |
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| 53. |
The highest binding energy per nucleon will be forA. FeB. `H_(2)`C. `O_(2)`D. U |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 54. |
The binding energy of `._(8)O^(16)` is 127 MeV. Its binding energy per nucleon isA. 0.794 MeVB. 1.5875 MeVC. 7.94 MeVD. 15.875 MeV |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Binding energy per nucleon `= (127)/(16) = 7.94` MeV |
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| 55. |
Calculate the mass defect and binding energy per nucleon for an alpha particle (containing two protons and two neutrons) whose actual mass is 4.0028 amu (mass of proton = 1.00759 amu, mass of nuetron = 1.00898 amu).A. `28.3 MeV`B. `2.83 MeV`C. `20.5 MeV`D. `0.238 MeV` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 56. |
Assertion : A nuclear binding energy per nucleon is in the order `._(4)^(9)Be gt ._(3)^(7)Li gt ._(2)^(4)He` Reason : Binding energy per nucleon increases linearly with difference in number of neutrons and protons.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertionB. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanantion of the assertionC. If assertion is true but reason is falseD. If the assertion and reason both are false |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Binding energy per nucleon of `._(3)Li^(7)` (5.38 MeV) is lesser than `._(2)He^(4)` (7.08 MeV) as helium is found to be more stable than Li. As the atomic mass number increases, the binding energy per nucleon decreases. As the atomic number and the atomic mass number increase, the repulsive electrostatic forces with in the nucleus increase due to the greater number of protons in the heavy elements. To over come this increased repulsion, the proportion of neutrons in the nucleus must increase to maintain stability. This increase in the neutron to proton ratio only partially compensates for the growing proton-proton repulsive force in the heavier, naturally occurring elements. |
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| 57. |
The half lives of two radioactive nuclides A and B are 1 and 2 min. respectively. Equal weights of A and B are taken respectively and allowed to disintegrate for 4 min. What will be the ratio of weights of A and B disintegratedA. `1 : 1`B. `5 : 4`C. `1 : 2`D. `1 : 3` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B `{:("For A","For B"),(T = 4 min,T = 4 min),(t_(1//2) = 1min,t_(1//2) = 2 min),(N_(0) = x("say"),N_(0)= x("say")),(n = 4//1 = 4,n = 4//2 = 2),(N = (N_(0))/(2^(n)) = (x)/(2^(4)),N = (N_(0))/(2^(n)) = (x)/(2^(2))),(N = (x)/(16),N = (x)/(4)),("A disintegrated","B disintegrated"),(x - (x)/(16) = (15)/(16)x,x - (x)/(4) = (3x)/(4)),("Ratio of A B disintegrated",),((15)/(16)x : (3x)/(4) rArr 5 :4,):}` |
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| 58. |
Uranium ultimately decays into a stable isotope ofA. RadiumB. CarbonC. LeadD. Neptunium |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Lead is a stable isotope |
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| 59. |
The easily fissionable isotope of uranium is with the numberA. 236B. 235C. 237D. 238 |
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Answer» Correct Answer - b The most unstable isotope of uranium is `._(92)U^(235)`. |
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| 60. |
Isotope of uranium used in atomic bomb isA. `._(92)^(237)U`B. `._(92)^(238)U`C. `._(92)^(239)U`D. `._(92)^(235)U` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 61. |
`U-235` is decayed by bombardment by neutron as according to the equation: `._(92)U^(235) + ._(0)n^(1) rarr ._(42)Mo^(98) + ._(54)Xe^(136) + x ._(-1)e^(0) + y ._(0)n^(1)` Calculate the value of `x` and `y` and the energy released per uranium atom fragmented (neglect the mass of electron). Given masses (amu) `U-235 = 235.044`, `Xe = 135.907, Mo = 97.90, e = 5.5 xx 10^(-4), n = 1.0086`. |
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Answer» The nuclear reaction is: `._(92)U^(235) + ._(0)n^(1) rarr ._(42)Mo^(98) + ._(54)Xe^(136) + x_(-1)e^(0) + y_(0) n^(1)`….(i) Equating the mass of the sides, we get `235 + 1 = 98 + 136 + x 0 + y + 1` `235 = 234 + y` `236 = 234 + y` `:. y = 236 - 234 = 2` Similarly equating the atomic number of both sides, we get `92 + 0 = 42 + 53 + x xx (-1) + y xx 0` `92 = 96 - x` `:. x = 96 - 92 = 4` Mass defect of Eq (i) = Masses o f`RHS -` Masses of `LHS` `= 236.0526 - 235.8264` `= 0.2262 "amu"` `:.` Energy released `= mc^(2)` or `E = m xx 931.48 MeV` `= 0.2262 xx 931.48 = 210.7 MeV` |
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| 62. |
The age of archaeological findings can be determined by `………………..` method. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - `._(6)C^(14)` |
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| 63. |
Atom bomb is based on the priniciple ofA. carbon datingB. nuclear transformationC. nuclear fissionD. nuclear fusion |
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Answer» Correct Answer - b Atom bomb is based on the principle of culear fission. |
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| 64. |
The atomic bomb uses the principle of `………………` . |
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Answer» Correct Answer - Nuclear fission |
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| 65. |
Hydrogen bomb is based on the principle ofA. Nuclear fissionB. Nuclear fusionC. Nuclear explosionD. Chemical reaction |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 66. |
The hydrogen bomb uses the principle of `………………………`. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - Nuclear fusion |
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| 67. |
Hydrogen bomb is based on the principle ofA. nuclear fissionB. natural radioactivityC. nuclear fusionD. artificially radioactivity |
| Answer» Correct Answer - c | |
| 68. |
Which leaves no track on Wilson cloud chamberA. ElectronsB. ProtonsC. `alpha-`particlesD. Neutron |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Neutrons carry no charge |
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| 69. |
Which of the following is used in dating archeological findings or In a method of absolute dating of fossils a radioactive element is used. It isA. `._((2)U^(235)`B. `._(6)C^(14)`C. `._(6)C^(12)`D. `._(20)Ca^(40)` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B `._(6)C^(14)` is used in dating archeological findings |
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| 70. |
Atom bomb is based on the principle ofA. Nuclear fusionB. Nuclear fissionC. RadioactivityD. Fusion and fission both |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Atom bomb is based on the principle of nuclear fission |
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| 71. |
Artificial radioactivity was first discovered byA. SeabergB. RutherfordC. EinsteinD. Irene Curie & Juliot |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Irene curie and Juliot studied the artificial radioactivity |
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| 72. |
Radioactivity was discovered byA. Henry BecqueralB. RutherfordC. J.J. ThomsonD. Madam Curie |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Henry Becquerel noticed the emission of penetrating rays from potassium uranyl sulphate and Madam Curie named it as radioactivity |
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| 73. |
Artificial radioactivity was discovered by `………………………….`.A. Sea BorgB. RutherfordC. EissteinD. Irene Curie |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 74. |
Which one of the following is an exact example of artificial radioactivity?A. `._(0)n^(1) + ._(11)Na^(23) to ._(11)Na^(24) + gamma, ._(11) Na^(24) + ._(1)H^(1) to ._(12)Mg^(24) + ._(0)n^(1)`B. `._(2)He^(4) + ._(7)N^(14) to ._(8)O^(17) + ._(1)H^(1), ._(8)O^(17) + ._(0)n^(1) to ._(7)O^(18) + gamma`C. `._(2)He^(4) + ._(13)Al^(27) to ._(15)P^(30) + ._(0)n^(1), ._(15)P^(30) to ._(14)Si^(30) + ._(1)e^(0)`D. `._(89)Ac^(228) to ._(90)Th^(228) + beta, ._(90)Th^(228) to ._(88)Ra^(224) + alpha` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - c Nucleus bombarded should be stable and nucleus produced should be radioactive |
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| 75. |
`Pu^(239)` is an artificial fissile material. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - T |
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| 76. |
Complete the following nuclear equations: a. `._(96)Cm^(246) + ._(6)C^(12) rarr ._(102)No^(254) +` ….. b. `._(94)Pu^(239) + ….. rarr ._(96)Cm^(242) + ._(0)n^(1)` |
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Answer» `._(96)Cm^(246) + ._(6)C^(12) rarr ._(102)No^(254) + 4 ._(0)n^(1)` b. `._(94)Pu^(239) + ._(2)He^(4) rarr ._(96)Cm^(242) + ._(0)n^(1)` |
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| 77. |
Artificial radioactivity was discovered by `………………………….`. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - Irene Curie and Joliot |
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| 78. |
Radioactive disintegration is a `……………….` order reaction. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - First |
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| 79. |
`Pu^(239)` is artificial nuclear fuel.It is obtained from fertile material. `………………………..`. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - `U^(238)` |
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| 80. |
Select the correct statement(s)A. `alpha`-particles are simple helium nucleusB. `gamma`-rays travel with higher speed as compare to `alpha` particle and have higher ionization power as compare to `beta` particleC. A loss of `beta`-particles results in the production of isobarsD. `beta`-prticles are considered to the best bombarding particles |
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Answer» Correct Answer - a,c Hence (A) and (B) are correct |
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| 81. |
Which one of the following is an artificial fuel for nuclear reactor? a. `U^(238)` b. `Pu^(239)` c. `U^(235)` d. `Th^(232)`A. a. `U^(238)`B. b. `Pu^(239)`C. c. `U^(235)`D. d. `Th^(232)` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - b. `Pu^(239)` `Pu^(239)` |
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| 82. |
IN radioactive series, an inner transition element `._(92)U^(238)` loses one `alpha`-particles and one `beta`-particle to produce a very unstable daughter nuclei `._(91)Pa^(234)` with half life 1.14 min. Find out the displacement in group due to these emissions. |
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Answer» The reaction is: `._(92)U^(238) overset(-alpha)rarr ._(90)Th^(234) overset(-beta)rarr ._(91)Pa^(234)` Since elements from `._(89)Ac` to `._(103)Lw` exist is the same group, where as from `._(90)Th` to `._(103)Lw` are inner transition elements of actinium series, so group will not change. In this case, group displacement law is not valid. The daughter element will be in same group `III B`. |
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| 83. |
The half life of `I""^(131)` is 8 day. Given a sample of `I""^(131)` at t=0, we can assert thatA. No nucleus will decay at t=4dayB. No nucleus will decay before t=8dayC. All nucleus will decay before t=16dayD. A given nucleus may decay before |
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Answer» Correct Answer - d `""_(4)""^(9)Be+gammato""_(4)""^(8)Be+""_(0)""^(1)n` `""_(4)""^(9)Be+""_(1)""^(1)H` |
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| 84. |
In treatment of cancer, which of the following isotope is usedA. `._(53)I^(131)`B. `._(15)P^(32)`C. `._(27)Co^(60)`D. `-(1)H^(2)` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C `Co^(60)` is used in radiotherapy of cancer |
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| 85. |
A nuclide of an alkaine earth metal undergoes radioactive deacy by emission of the `alpha-` particles in sucession. The group of the periodic tablle to which the resulting daughter element would belong to:A. group 14B. group 16C. group 14D. group 6 |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A After radioactive decay of element by three succesive emission of `alpha` particles the last element (stable)Pb is obtained which belongs to group 14 of periodic table |
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| 86. |
Calculate the neutron - proton ratio for each of the following radioactive nuclides. a. `._(6)C^(14)` b. `._(82)U^(238)` c. `._(82)U^(232)`A. a. `._(6)C^(14)`B. b. `._(82)U^(238)`C. c. `._(82)U^(232)`D. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - a 1.33b 1.54c 1.58 a. `p = 6, n = 14 - 6 = 8` `:. (n)/(p) = (8)/(6) = 1.33` b. `p = 82, n = 238 - 82 = 146` `:. (n)/(p) = (146)/(92) = 1.54` c. `p = 82, n = 212 - 82 = 130` ltbr. `:. (n)/(p) = (130)/(82) = 1.58` |
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| 87. |
What may be the new neutron and proton ratio after a nuclide `._(92)U^(238)` loses an `alpha`-particles? |
| Answer» If the original neutron-proton ratio was `n//Z (146//92)`, the new ratio will be `(n -2)//(Z - 2)`, i.e., `144//90`. | |
| 88. |
Which of the following detects radiations by flashes produced on a phosphorscreen ?A. `GM` counterB. Bubble chamberC. Ionization chamberD. Scintillation counter |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 89. |
In case of radiactive radiations:A. some are deviated by electric and magnetic fieldB. some carry negative chargeC. all are electronegative wavesD. all produce X-rays when suddenly stopped |
| Answer» Correct Answer - a,b | |
| 90. |
Which of the following radioactive isotopes is used for the diagnosis of hyperthy roidism? a. `Co^(60)` b. `P^(32)` c. `1^(131)` c. `C^(14)`A. a. `Co^(60)`B. b. `P^(32)`C. c. `1^(131)`D. d. `C^(14)` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - c. `1^(131)` | |
| 91. |
The radioactive isotope `CO^(60)` which is used in the treatment of cancer can be made by (n.p) reaction for this reaction the target nucleus isA. `_28Ni^(59)`B. `_27Co^(59)`C. `_28Ni^(60)`D. `_27Co^(60)` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C `_(28)Ni^(60)+_(0)n6(1)rarr_(27)Co(60)+_1H^(1)` (n.p means that neuton attacks and proton liberated). |
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| 92. |
The radiationns from a naturally occuring radioactive substance as seen after deflection by a magnetic field in one direction are Only `alpha`-rays b. Only `beta`-rays c. Both `alpha`-and `beta-`rays d. Either `alpha`-or `beta`-raysA. a.Only `alpha`-raysB. b. Only `beta`-raysC. c. Both `alpha`-and `beta-`raysD. d. Either `alpha`-or `beta`-rays |
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Answer» Correct Answer - d. Either `alpha`-or `beta`-rays Both `alpha`particles deflect in opposite direction in the presence of magnetic field. Here only one deflection is observed that will be for either `alpha`- or `beta-`rays. |
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| 93. |
The decay of a neutron to a proton also yields a. `._(-1)e^(0)` b. `._(+1)e^(0)` c. `._(1)H^(2)` d. `._(2)He^(4)` |
| Answer» `._(0)n^(1) rarr ._(1)H^(1) ._(-1)e^(0)` | |
| 94. |
Of the following radiations, the one most easily stopped by air isA. `alpha`-raysB. `beta-`raysC. `gamma`-raysD. X-rays |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Penetrating power of `alpha`-rays are less than `beta, gamma and X-`rays |
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| 95. |
Which of the following radiations is most easily stopped by air?A. `beta`-raysB. `alpha`-raysC. X-raysD. `gamma`-rays |
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Answer» Correct Answer - b `alpha`-rays have less penetrating power. |
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| 96. |
`""_(27)Co^(60)` is radioactive becauseA. its atomic number is highB. it has high `p//n` ratioC. it has high `n//p` ratioD. none of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 97. |
Which of the following radiations is most easily stopped by air? a. `alpha`-rays b.`gamma`-rays c. `beta`-rays d.X-rays |
| Answer» `alpha`-rays have less penetrating power. | |
| 98. |
Consider `alpha-, beta`- particles and `gamma-` rays, each having an energy fo `0.5Mev` in increasing order f penertation power, the radiations are:A. `alpha lt beta lt gamma`B. `alpha lt gamma lt beta`C. `beta lt gamma lt alpha`D. `gamma lt beta lt alpha` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 99. |
The emission of beta particle is fromA. The valence shell of an atomB. The inner shell of an atomC. The nucleus due to the nuclear conversion `:` Proton `rarr` neutron`+` electronD. The nucleus due to the nuclear conversion `:` neutron `rarr` proton `+ ` electron |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 100. |
In `beta-` emission, `n//p` ratio. `……………………` . |
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Answer» Correct Answer - Decrease |
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