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(d) Sucrose

Sucrose is not used as air adsorbent in chromatography.

(c) CH₃Cl

CH₃Cl compounds gives curdy white precipitate in Lassaigne’s test.

(a) Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆] is prussian blue precipitate.

(b) CH₃NH₂ and CH₃NO₂

Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]I

1. 2-cyclobutyl propanol 

2. 3-cyclohexyl pentan-2-one

5-hex-i -en-3-ol

 The formation of 1, 2-dibromoethape Addition. 

Alkenes are the (a) homologous series of (b) unsaturated hydrocarbons. They differ from alkanes due to presence of (c) single bonds. Alkenes mainly undergo (d) addition reactions.

(a) Ethanol

(b) Ethanoic acid

(c) Ethene

In DNA and RNA, nitrogen is present in heterocyclic rings. Kjeldahl method cannot be used to estimate nitrogen present in the ring because it cannot be completely converted in to (NH₄)₂SO₄ during digestion. Therefore, Kjeldahl method cannot be used to estimate nitrogen present in DNA and RNA.

Presence of both N and S together in an organic compound. 

The correct option is- (a) 3 1 4 2

The correct option is- (a) 3 4 1 2

According to general formula C₄H_2n+2 when n = 5, C₅H_{2 x 5+2} or C₅H₁₀₊₂ or C₅H₁₂ . Thus, the number of hydrogen atom is 12.

(a) The hydrocarbon which is tetrahedral is Methane.

(b) The hydrocarbon which is a planar molecule is ethane.

(c) The hydrocarbon which is a linear molecule is Ethyne.

(d) The hydrocarbon which forms a red precipitate with ammoniacal solution of copper chloride is acetylene.

(e) Alkanes are also called as paraffin.

(f) Alkenes are also called olefin.

(a) Alcohols are the hydroxyl derivatives of alkanes and are formed by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms of the alkane with OH group. 

Methanol is obtained from destructive distillation of wood while ethanol is obtained from fermentation of sugar. 

(b) General formula of monohydric alcohol: 

C_nH_2n+1OH

(a) Butane 

(b) Ethylene (Ethene) 

(c) Acetylene (Ethyne).

(i) H—C ≡ C—C ≡ C—H

(iv) CH₂ = CH—CH = CH₂

The correct option is (i), (iii), (iv)

The correct answer (ii), (iii)

Process of change of solid substance directly into vapour phase without the intermediate liquid state is called sublimation. This technique is used to separate sublimable compounds.Like camphor ,ammonium chloride.

On heating diazonium Salts loses Nitrogen and could not fuse with the sodium metal therefore diazonium salt do not show Positive Lassaigne’s test for nitrogen. 

(B)If both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the true explanation of the assertion.

(A)If both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the true explanation of the assertion.

(a) Absolute alcohol: Absolute alcohol may be obtained by distilling moist alcohol with benzene. The mixture of water and benzene distills off and anhydrous alcohol is left behind. 

(b) Spurious alcohol: It is made by improper distillation. It contains large portions of methanol in a mixture of alcohols. 

(c) Methylated spirit: Methylated spirit or denatured alcohol is ethyl alcohol with 5%methyl alcohol, a colored dye and some pyridine.

Organic compounds are present everywhere. They are present in:

It is present in the production of soaps, shampoos, powders and perfumes.

It is present in the food we eat like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins etc.

Fuel like natural gas, petroleum are also organic compounds.

Medicines, explosives, dyes, insecticides are all organic compounds.

Thus we can say that organic compounds play a key role in all walks of life.

(a) Few sources of organic compounds are:

Plants

Animals

Coal

Petroleum

Wood

(b) The various applications of organic chemistry is:

It is used in the production of soaps, shampoos, powders and perfumes.

Various fuels like natural gas, petroleum are also organic compounds.

The fabrics that we use to make various dresses are also made from organic compounds.

(a) Organic chemistry may be defined as the chemistry of hydrocarbons and its derivatives.

(b) Vital Force Theory is a theory made by the Scientist Berzelius in 1809 which assumed that organic compounds are only formed in living cells and it is impossible to prepare them in laboratories.

It was discarded because Friedrich Wohler showed that it was possible to obtain an organic compound (urea) in the laboratory.

 Ethylene glycol.

2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O Δ

 Organic compounds.

Alcohol obtained from ethane is ethyl alcohol [C₂H₅OH]. The aldehyde obtained from ethane is acetaldehyde [CH₃CHO]. The acid obtained from ethane is acetic acid [CH₃COOH].

(a) Ethene dichloride. 

(b) For welding.

Ethene combines with chlorine to form 1: 2 dichloroethane [Ethylene dichloride] 

Addition reaction.

 Because on cooling below its melting point (17°C) it solidifies and forms little ice-like crystals.

Substitution reaction.

Greenhouse effect or global warming is associated with too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Acetylene has higher proportion of carbon and all carbon in it does not burn completely. Hence, unburnt carbon particles make the flame sooty.

A substitution reaction is one in which one atom in a molecule is replaced by another atom (or group of atoms). The product of a substitution reaction is known as a substitution product.

Decomposition of alkanes by heat is called pyrolysis. Another term signifying the same is cracking. 

This hot flame is used for welding and cutting of steel. 

(a) In presence of catalyst like finely divided nickel, platinum, heating upto 473 K. 

(b) Hot and concentrated alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide.

(a) The conversion of ethanol into ethene is an example of Dehydration.

(b) Converting ethanol into ethene requires the use of Conc. H₂SO₄.

(c) The conversion of ethene into ethane is an example of hydrogenation.

(d) The catalyst used in the conversion of ethene into ethane is commonly nickel.

Chlorine and bromine are added to the double bond of ethene to form saturated ethylene chloride and ethylene bromide respectively.

CH₂ = CH₂ + Cl₂ →CH₂(Cl) − CH₂(Cl)

1,2-dichloro ethane

CH₂ = CH₂+ Br₂ →CH₂(Br) − CH₂(Br)

1,2-dibromo ethane

(a) Physical state: Ethene is a colorless and inflammable gas.

(b) Odour: It has a faint sweetish odor.

(c) Density as compared to air: It has density less than one hence it is lighter than air.

(d) Solubility: It is sparingly soluble in water but highly soluble in organic solvents like alcohol, ether, and chloroform.

(a) Ethene into 1, 2 -dibromoethane: Ethene reacts with bromine at room temperature to form saturated ethylene chloride.

CH₂ = CH₂ + Br₂ →CH₂(Br) − CH₂(Br)

1,2-dibromo ethane

(b) Ethene into ethyl bromide: When ethene is treated with HBr bromoethane is formed.

CH₂ = CH₂ + HBr →CH₃ − CH₂Br

Ethyl bromide

(C)  elimination