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• Humidity – MEASURE of AMOUNT of water vapour present in the ATMOSPHERE.
• Relative humidity- Water vapour amount exists in AIR expressed as a percentage of the amount needed for saturation at the same TEMPERATURE.

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NUMBER of Number of MOLES EQUIVALENT per LITRE solution.

Number of Number of moles equivalent per litre solution.

Number of MOLES of solute per KILOGRAM SOLVENT. DENOTED with “m”

Number of moles of solute per kilogram solvent. Denoted with “m”

NUMBER of moles of SOLUTE per litre solution. DENOTED with “M”

Number of moles of solute per litre solution. Denoted with “M”

RF = DISTANCE TRAVELLED by SOLUTE/ Distance travelled by SOLVENT.

Rf = Distance travelled by solute/ Distance travelled by solvent.

UV detector, IR detector, FLUORESCENCE detector, Mass spectroscopy, LC MS ETC.

UV detector, IR detector, Fluorescence detector, Mass spectroscopy, LC MS etc.

NON POLAR stationary phase USED

Ex: Silica GEL C-18

Non polar stationary phase used

Ex: Silica gel C-18

It involves solvent system, pump, Sample INJECTOR, HPLC columns, Detectors and Recorder. Firstly, solvent(mobile phase) is DEGASSED for ELIMINATING the bubbles. It is passed through the pump with a uniform PRESSURE. The liquid sample is injected into the mobile phase flow stream. It PASSES through the stationary phase identified by the detectors and recorded.

It involves solvent system, pump, Sample injector, HPLC columns, Detectors and Recorder. Firstly, solvent(mobile phase) is degassed for eliminating the bubbles. It is passed through the pump with a uniform pressure. The liquid sample is injected into the mobile phase flow stream. It passes through the stationary phase identified by the detectors and recorded.

It is a TECHNIQUE used for separating the mixture of components into individual components BASED on adsorption, PARTITION, ion exchange and SIZE exclusion principles. Stationary phase and mobile phase used in it. HPLC used for IDENTIFICATION, quantification and purification of components form a mixture.

It is a technique used for separating the mixture of components into individual components based on adsorption, partition, ion exchange and size exclusion principles. Stationary phase and mobile phase used in it. HPLC used for identification, quantification and purification of components form a mixture.

• LCMS- Liquid CHROMATOGRAPHY
• HPLC- High PERFORMANCE Liquid Chromatography,
• UPLC- Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography,
• TLC- Thin LAYER CHOMATOGRAPHY,
• GC- Gas Chromatography.

pH -NEGATIVE logarithm of HYDROGEN ION concentration. Blood pH-7.35 to 7.45.

pH -Negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. Blood pH-7.35 to 7.45.

37oCelsius or 98.6oF

37oCelsius or 98.6oF

When a MOLECULE ABSORBS the INFRARED RADIATION, it vibrates and gives rise to packed Infrared(IR) absorption spectrum. This IR spectrum is specific for every different molecule absorbing the IR radiation, useful for its IDENTIFICATION.

When a molecule absorbs the Infrared radiation, it vibrates and gives rise to packed Infrared(IR) absorption spectrum. This IR spectrum is specific for every different molecule absorbing the IR radiation, useful for its identification.

It states that the INTENSITY of monochromatic LIGHT absorbed by a substance dissolved in a fully transmitting solvent is directly proportional to the substance CONCENTRATION and the path LENGTH of the light through the solution.

It states that the intensity of monochromatic light absorbed by a substance dissolved in a fully transmitting solvent is directly proportional to the substance concentration and the path length of the light through the solution.

UV SPECTROSCOPY uses light in the UV part of electromagnetic spectrum. UV absorption SPECTRA arises in which molecule or atoms outer electrons absorb energy, undergoes transition from LOWER energy level to higher energy level. For each molecule, absorbance at wavelength is specific.

UV spectroscopy uses light in the UV part of electromagnetic spectrum. UV absorption spectra arises in which molecule or atoms outer electrons absorb energy, undergoes transition from lower energy level to higher energy level. For each molecule, absorbance at wavelength is specific.

QUALITATIVE analysis involves identification of the COMPOUND or CHEMICAL based on their chemical(absorption, emission )or PHYSICAL PROPERTIES(e.g Melting point, boiling point).

Quantitative analysis involves estimation or determination of concentration or amount of the chemical compounds or components.

Qualitative analysis involves identification of the compound or chemical based on their chemical(absorption, emission )or physical properties(e.g Melting point, boiling point).

Quantitative analysis involves estimation or determination of concentration or amount of the chemical compounds or components.

Spectroscopy USED for DETECTING the functional groups, impurities. Qualitative and QUANTITATIVE analysis can be done.

Spectroscopy used for detecting the functional groups, impurities. Qualitative and quantitative analysis can be done.

UV SPECTROSCOPY RANGE 200-400 nm, VISIBLE spectroscopy range 400 nm to 800nm.

UV spectroscopy range 200-400 nm, Visible spectroscopy range 400 nm to 800nm.

25 DEGREE CENTIGRADE

25 degree centigrade