Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Management by objectives (MBO) is a management model that aims to improve the performance of an ORGANIZATION by clearly defining objectives that are agreed to by both management and employees.
The four functions of management include PLANNING, or deciding upon business goals and the methods to achieve them; ORGANIZING, or DETERMINING the best ALLOCATION of people and resources

Global Business Performance is a flexible, web BASED solution that provides the key components to SUPPORT global decision making. It offers the integration and management of multiple, cross-country data SOURCES including POS, retailer direct, SYNDICATED and consumer data.

The DEBATE on it is not possible to MAKE BIG business deal without compromising its business ethics DUE to amendment

Punctuality, they should find a leader who is punctual to his schedule, time is a very important ASPECT when it comes to running of an organization.

They should find a leader who POSSES the art of controlling and has powers to coordinate the activities within an organization. ABILITY to control human resource is very necessary in any given institution since every one will TUN up to be hardworking and accountable to his deeds

vic

I don't KNOW about BUSINESS STUDIES

Social Objectives of Business

Supply of Quality Goods and Fair Prices. The community pays for goods and services the business offers to it. In turn the community expects that the business will adhere to the standard. Of quality which is NECESSARY to satisfy its wants and business will also ensure that whatever is being made AVAILABLE to the community is being made available at competitive and fair price. A consumer surplus to the buyer and normal satisfactory profit to the business go side by side and both are complementary. In fact this sis norm of a business unless this is not ensured the survival and development of the business may not assure in this complex business world.

Fair Deal to Workers. Wherever they are working for living the workers should be motivated to work for the organization so as to make the organization forehead amidst fierce when the business is able to attract best talent towards its organization. It is because of this business has to MEET the needs of workers and make them a satisfied lot. A fair deal to workers helps the business in this direction.

Fair Return to Investors. Profit to investors must be ensured which should be fair one according to the prevailing market conditions. This is an important objective. Investors provide working capital as well as fixed capital to the business. Business therefore, must aim to allow them a fair amount of return so that their interest must remain in the business.

Fair Deal to SUPPLIERS. Supplier supply the raw materials with the help of which goods are manufactured. Supplier supply all other components and accessories to the manufacturing organization, which in turn ensures smooth and timely production. Similarly suppliers supply the goods to a commercial venture for onward supply to the ultimate consumers. Whatever may be the type of business the suppliers form the basis of the entire business community. They expect a fair deal, that is, payment in time, regular placement of orders, ethical business dealing sand continuity. Thus the business has to ensure in its own interest as the supplier is the basic link between the business and community. They too are to be kept satisfied particularly at a time when there is a paucity of qualitative supply of goods – whether INDUSTRIAL or commercial.

INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY without using additional RESOURCES

Increase in production with PRESENT resources

Emphasizing volume over quality

Increasing production using more overtime

I don't KNOW. ....................

Common Methodologies

Observation. The FIRST step to conducting research is LEARNING to observe the world around US. ...

Understanding. Much LIKE observation, understanding is something we do all the time in our daily lives. ...

Analysis. ...

INTERVIEWS. ...

Surveys and Questionnaires. ...

Card Sorts. ...

Usability Tests. ...

Tree Tests.

see the attachements

Entrepreneurs occupy a central POSITION in a market economy. For it's the entrepreneurs who serve as the SPARK plug in the economy's engine, activating and stimulating all economic ACTIVITY. The economic SUCCESS of nations worldwide is the RESULT of encouraging and rewarding the entrepreneurial instinct.

Basically, ENTREPRENEURSHIP development is basically the process of improving the skill set as WELL as the knowledge of the ENTREPRENEURS. ... The process of entrepreneurship development is nothing but helping the entrepreneurs develop their SKILLS through training and APPLICATION of that training.

There are five factors which brings PEOPLE to be an entrepreneur:

i) Passion: To be an entrepreneur it is necessary to have a passion to walk on tough path.

ii) Self-reliance: It is important to BECOME an entrepreneur for self-reliance i.e. not depending on an employer.

iii) Feeling of accomplishment: Feel of doing something for SOCIETY ATTRACTS people toward entrepreneurship.

iv) Personal Growth: Entrepreneurs know if their product gets success, they will grow exponentially.

v) Sense of control.    

Entrepreneurs can change the way we live and work. If successful, their INNOVATIONS may improve our standard of living, and in ADDITION to creating wealth with their ENTREPRENEURIAL ventures, they ALSO create jobs and the CONDITIONS for a prosperous society.

Development Programmes: Meaning, Need and Objectives of EDP!

Meaning:

As the term itself denotes, EDP is a programme meant to develop entrepreneurial abilities among the people. In other words, it refers to inculcation, development, and polishing of entrepreneurial skills into a person needed to ESTABLISH and successfully run his / her enterprise. Thus, the concept of entrepreneurship development programme involves equipping a person with the required skills and knowledge needed for starting and running the enterprise.

Let us also consider a few important definitions of EDPs given by institutions and experts:
Small Industries Extension and Training Institute (SIET 1974), now National Institute of Small Industry Extension Training (NISIET), Hyderabad defined EDP as “an attempt to develop a person as entrepreneur through structural training.

The main purpose of such entrepreneurship development programme is to widen the base of entrepreneurship by development achievement motivation and entrepreneurial skills among the less privileged sections of the society.”

According to N. P. Singh (1985), “Entrepreneurship Development Programme is designed to help an individual in strengthening his entrepreneurial motive and in acquiring skills and capabilities necessary for playing his entrepreneurial role effectively. It is necessary to promote this understanding of motives and their impact on entrepreneurial values and behaviour for this purpose.” Now, we can easily define EDP as a planned EFFORT to identify, inculcate, develop, and polish the capabilities and skills as the prerequisites of a person to become and behave as an entrepreneur.

Need for EDPs:

That, entrepreneurs possess certain competencies or traits. These competencies or traits are the underlying characteristics of the entrepreneurs which result in SUPERIOR PERFORMANCE and which distinguish SUCCESSFUL entrepreneurs from the unsuccessful ones.

HOPE U LIKE THIS
PLZ MARK IT BRAIL.

Productivity describes VARIOUS MEASURES of the efficiency of production. ALSO in Another labour productivity measure, output per worker, is OFTEN seen as a proper measure of labour.

Instructor: Shawn Grimsley
Entrepreneurship is an important ENGINE of growth in the economy. In this lesson, you'll learn about what an entrepreneur is and the key characteristics and skills that a successful entrepreneur possesses. Some examples of entrepreneurs will ALSO be given.
Entrepreneurs - Risk Takers
Meet Eddie. He's an entrepreneur, which is a person who starts a business. Eddie recently graduated from college with a degree in computer programming and has DEVELOPED an app that he believes will make him a small fortune. So, instead of working nine to five for a software company in Silicon Valley, he decides to start his own. He wants to challenge himself and work the way he wants to without answering to a boss. He's using a small inheritance to fund the start-up. As an entrepreneur, Eddie is not only starting a business, but is risking his personal wealth to establish it.

Eddie is also trying to convince some friends from SCHOOL to form an entrepreneurial team with him. An entrepreneurial team is a group of people that help spread out the risk of the new venture and also bring in different talents and skill sets to it. Eddie has a friend who majored in accounting and another who majored in marketing. He's hoping they may come along with him and bring their skills and some cash. If he can build the right team, he can create a synergy, where the group can achieve more together than they can apart.

Examples of Entrepreneurs
Eddie hopes that his entrepreneurial gamble will pay off as well as the gambles of other well-known entrepreneurs, such as:

Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft. There are probably not many people that have not been touched by one of his products, such as Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Office and Internet Explorer.
Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple computers, which produces Macs, iPods and iPhones, as well as Apple TV.
Mark ZUCKERBERG, the founder of Facebook.
Pierre Omidyar, founder of eBay.
Arianna Huffington, founder of the Huffington Post, a well-known online news site.
Caterina Fake, co-founder of Flikr, which hosts images and videos on the Internet.

HOPE U LIKE THIS
PLZ MARK IT AS BRILI. ANS

Answer:

The one term which can be used to replace the sentence, "A person who is an INNOVATOR who introduces new combinations of means of production. ", is CALLED an 'ENTREPRENEUR'.

Explanation:

An entrepreneur is a person who possesses special SKILLS like creativity and innovation. He/she brings together the various FACTORS of production together, like land, labor, capital and ENTERPRISE. This is done to get final products through a process of production.

Are entrepreneurs born, or are they made? Certain characteristics are common of successful entrepreneurs, including Risk Taking, Achievement Orientation, and creativity and innovation. However these are innate qualities, and by using them as a benchmark only certain types of people are deemed capable of being good entrepreneurs. In fact, entrepreneurial behavior can be learned and developed through competencies that provide a foundation for vital business skills.

Through practice, aspiring entrepreneurs can apply key business knowledge using their competencies to gain essential habits. With enough practice, these habits become the ‘driving force’ of successful entrepreneurial ventures. The following are some of the most crucial competencies for entrepreneurs:

Creativity & Innovation: At the most basic stage of this competency, the entrepreneur expresses a willingness to do things differently. At a more advanced level, the entrepreneur is ABLE to create new ideas, solutions, and approaches to ongoing challenges. Entrepreneurs who have the highest level of this competency continually support others in generating new and innovative approaches, either by providing funding, building on new ideas, recognizing innovation, and more.

Fostering Learning and Development: Communicating what behaviors constitute success will help empower employees to see how their jobs can contribute to the overall well-being of your business. At a basic level, entrepreneurs with this competency SHARE their knowledge and expertise to support learning and development. As they advance, entrepreneurs encourage others to take responsibility for managing their own learning, and eventually develop strategies to promote continuous learning and development.

Business Perspective: At a basic level, entrepreneurs are able to ARTICULATE how their own responsibilities, activities, and decisions relate to the success of the business. For a mid-level demonstration of this competency, an entrepreneur must make decisions that clearly support the business strategy, and at an advanced level must develop ideas to position the organization for long-term success.

Using Information Technology: Entrepreneurs must be competent in the use of basic computer hardware (e.g. printers, copiers, PCs) and software (e.g. spreadsheets, word processing). A successful entrepreneur can easily communicate and prepare documents electronically without assistance. At the most basic level this just involves using IT tools, while at an advanced level the entrepreneur must evaluate the effectiveness of information technology systems.

This is by no means a comprehensive LIST of entrepreneurial competencies, but by evaluating their aptitude based on competencies like these, aspiring entrepreneurs can determine their readiness to tackle STARTING a business. If you’d like to know more about leadership roles and their corresponding

HOPE U LIKE THIS
PLZ MARK IT AS BRILI. ANSWER

In all enterprises whether private or state owned, motivation plays a key role in driving employees towards achieving their goals, organizational goals and to a certain extent the dreams of their nations. There are many theories of motivation, and they mostly give a relation or influence the outcomes of employee job satisfaction. There are three main theory categories, namely content theories, process theories and contemporary theories (Saif, Nawaz, Jan & Khan, 2012). Generally speaking, these theories include Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Herzberg’s motivator-hygiene (or two-factor) theory, Alderfer’s Existence, Relatedness and Growth theory, and McClelland’s needs theory. How motivation comes about and how it leads to satisfaction is explained by process theories; theories that fall into this category include Porter-Lawler’s model and expectancy theory by Vroom. Contemporary theories of motivation incorporate equity, control and agency theory, as well as goal setting, reinforcement, and job design theory. The theories of motivation maybe categorized according to their definitions and purpose but critical analysis reveal that they are all linked, they lead to serving satisfaction in employees. The use of both content and process theories must be PUT into practice to motivate employees effectively. In extrinsic motivation, the factors (hygiene’s) that satisfy lower-level needs are different from those (motivators) that satisfy or partially satisfy higher–level needs. If hygiene factors (factors outside the job itself, such as working conditions, salary and incentive pay) are inadequate, employees become dissatisfied. Instead of relying on hygiene’s, the manager interested in creating a self-motivated workforce should emphasize job content or motivation factors. Managers do this by enriching worker’s jobs so that the jobs are more challenging and by providing feedback and recognition (Dessler, Barkhuizen, Bezuidenhout, Braine and Plessis, 2011, p433). Rewards as the main factor of motivation can also encourage retention within the organization, and the broader employment relationship and social exchange are significant. Motivation’s whole idea is to provide employees with sureties of job security, nice working condition, loyalty and belonging to the enterprise, as well as the workforce given some challenges.

2. Motivation

Locke (as cited by Saari and Judge, 2004, p396) defined motivation as “a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job experiences”. This definition draws attention to two aspects, in particular, namely the emotional attachment an employee has to their job, and the deliberate review of an employee’s WORK by the employer. According to David and Anderzej (2010), motivation can be understood as cognitive decision making in which the intension is to make the behavior that is aimed at achieving a certain goal through initiation and MONITORING. At work places, reviews are done using APPRAISALS and appraisals at work have predetermined STANDARDS, and their outcome may provoke an emotional reaction in the employee, and this reaction will determine how satisfied or dissatisfied an employee is. Good marks in reviews may reflect that an employee is satisfied and bad marks may reflect the opposite. In every employee, motivation maybe because outside factors (extrinsic) such as rewards or within an individual (intrinsic), desire to do better.






I think it shoot

An undertaking or adventure INVOLVING uncertainty and risk and requiring innovation.Answer is: entrepreneur.

Entrepreneurs PLAY a vital role in the development of a  country. They are the backbone of the economy of a   country as well as economic progress.

Entrepreneurs are innovative in character they act as the owners, production makers, coordinator, Marketing expert, decision maker, and risk takers.

They organize land, labour, and capital to provide much NEEDED economic SERVICES to society and therefore are referred to as the FOURTH production factor.

Answer:

In the above question we need to MATCH the above given options to the options given in the other coloumns

Explanation:

Match the correct pairs:

Group A

a. Economic activity -

b. HIGHLY OPTIMISTIC - 6. Positive or negative

c. External VALUES -

7. Benefit

8. Dimension

d. Internal values -

1. Self fulfillment

4. A sense of belonging

e. Motivation -

4. A sense of belonging

Group B

2. Entrepreneurship

3. PassionEntrepreneur

9. Necessity Based

10. Market opportunity

Answer:

The correct answer is OPTION c, i.e. director.

Explanation:

According to the Oxford Dictionary, an entrepreneur is referred to as a person who is EITHER defined as a director or as a manager. This person is the manager for the business concerned at hand. He is RESPONSIBLE for several things, such as setting up the business, he is incharge of the main OPERATIONS and coordinating all that goes on the business itself. He is in COMMAND of all activities that go around.

DIRECT SERVICE are the one the ones which one has to be there when the work is being done. One can consider direct services to be productive when they worker can work on their own do even the petty issues on their WITHOUT necessarily being followed up to do it. The owner of the organization can term productive if quality GOODS can be produced in their presence or without  their presence. CMM

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING

Planning is the FIRST and foremost function of management. It is an intellectual process of thinking resorted to decided a course of action which helps achieve the pre-determined objectives of the organization in future. It is also the FUNDAMENTAL function of management and all other function like organizing, staffing, directing and controlling must reflects planning function of management. It is most important for higher level but this function is performed by every manager at their respective jobs. While planning the manager projects a course of action for the future aimed at achieving desired results for the enterprise as a whole and each department with in it.
It deals with future involves forecasting. A manager does not plan about the past but he is guided by the post performance in the process of planning it requires projecting future activities at the organization. So, we can SAY that planning is forecasting and deciding in advance a course of action to be followed in the future.
According to Terry, “ Planning is the selecting and relating of facts and the making and using of assumptions regarding the future in the visualization and formulation of PROPOSED activities believed necessary to achieved desired results.”
H. Fayol SAYS, “ Planning is deciding the best alternatives among others to perform different managerial operations in order to achieve the pre-determined goals.”

HOPE U LIKE THIS
PLZ MARK THIS BRILINT

.Co-ordination is the UNIFICATION, integration, synchronization of the EFFORTS of GROUP members so as to provide unity of action in the PURSUIT of common goals. ... Management seeks to achieve co-ordination through its BASIC functions of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.

The term ‘Staffing’ relates to the recruitment, selection, development, training and compensation of the managerial personnel. Staffing, like all other managerial functions, is the duty which the apex management performs at all times. In a newly created enterprise, the staffing would come as a. third step—next to planning and organizing—but in a going enterprise the staffing processes.


The nature of staffing function is discussed below:

1. People Centred:

Staffing is people centred and is relevant in all types of organisations. It is concerned with all categories of personnel from top to bottom of the organisation.

The broad classification of personnel may be as FOLLOWS:

(i) Blue collar workers (i.e., those working on the machines and engaged in loading, unloading etc.) and WHITE collar workers (i.e., clerical employees).

(ii) Managerial and non-managerial personnel.

(iii) Professionals (such as Chartered Accountant, Company Secretary, Lawyer, etc.).

2. Responsibility of Every MANAGER:

Staffing is a basic function of management. Every manager is continuously engaged in performing the staffing function. He is actively associated with recruitment, selection, training and appraisal of his subordinates. These activities are performed by the chief executive, departmental managers and foremen in relation to their subordinates. Thus, staffing is a pervasive function of management and is performed by the managers at all levels.

ADVERTISEMENT

It is the duty of every manager to perform the staffing activities such as selection, training, performance appraisal and COUNSELING of employees. In many enterprises. Personnel Department is created to perform these activities.

But it does not mean that the managers at different levels are relieved of the responsibility concerned with staffing. The Personnel Department is established to provide assistance to the managers in performing their staffing function. Thus, every manager has to share the responsibility of staffing.

3. Human Skills:

Staffing function is concerned with training and development of human resources. Every manager should use human relations skill in PROVIDING guidance and training to the subordinates. Human relations skills are also required in performance appraisal, transfer and promotion of subordinates. If the staffing function is performed properly, the human relations in the organisation will be cordial.

4. Continuous Function:

Staffing function is to be performed continuously. It is equally important in the established organisations and the new organisations. In a new organisation, there has to be recruitment, selection and training of personnel. In a running organisation, every manager is engaged in various staffing activities. He is to guide and train the workers and also evaluate their performance on a continuous basis.

Coordinating – A Management Function

In every ORGANIZATION, different types of work are performed by various DEPARTMENTS and work groups and no single department or work group on its own can be expected to achieve the goals of the organization as a whole. Hence, it becomes essential that the activities of different departments and work groups of the organization are harmonized. This function of management is known as ‘coordinating’ function. It ensures unity of action AMONG individuals, work groups and departments, and brings harmony in carrying out the different activities and tasks so as to achieve the organizational goals efficiently. The concept of coordinating ALWAYS applies to group efforts. There is no need for coordination when only single individual is working.

In other words, coordinating function is the orderly arrangement of individual and group efforts to provide unity of action in the pursuit of a common goal. In an organization, all the departments must operate in an integrated manner so that the organizational goals are duly achieved. Coordinating function involves synchronization of different efforts of the various departments so that the planned objectives are achieved with minimum conflict.

The significance of coordinating as a function of management mainly arises from the fact that work performed by different departments and groups form integral part of the total work for which the organization exists. Without harmonized effort or unity of action, achievement of goals in some departments may run counter to that of the other departments, or the timing of achievements may not match properly. The coordinating function of the management prevents OVERLAPPING and conflict so that the unity of action is achieved.

Coordinating function of the management consists of inter-relating the various parts of the work as well as the work of different departments. It involves coordinating the various job roles and responsibilities of the employees so that they have good relationship with the co-employees while delivering the output. It also consists of developing relationship with stakeholders and the environment under which the organization operates.

HOPE U LIKE THIS
PLZ MARK THIS AS BTILIENT

The Role of GOALS and Plans in Planning. Planning is OFTEN called the primary management function because it ESTABLISHES the basis for all other functions.Planning involves TWO importantelements: goals and plans. Goals (often called objectives) aredesired outcomes for individuals, groups, or entire organizations.....

Hey mate here is your answer -

CONTINUOUS Process is a process TAKING STEPS to bringing ACTUAL RESULTS and desired results closer together.

hope this helps you

Hello mate


here's your ANSWER

¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤

A WORKSPACE meeting is where managers instruct, guide and COMMUNICATE with EMPLOYEES.

¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤

Hope it helps you

Nature of STAFFING Function. Staffing is an important managerial function-Staffing function is the most important mangerial
ACT along with plning, organizing, DIRECTING and controlling. The operations of these FOUR functions DEPEND upon the manpower which is available throughstaffing function.

Answer:

The correct answer for the FILL in the bank is option a, i.e. manager.

EXPLANATION:

Directing is the responsibility of a manager at all levels. This is so because the manager is responsible for the work of the EMPLOYEES, he works as the manager, thus indicating his duties of managing all the operations. The rest are subordinate to him, which is why he supervises all the activities going on in any business. Even the UPPER hierarchy, whether it may be partners, directors, bosses, etc, they all ask and inquire about progress of work from managers. This is his duty to direct the employees, to give tasks, guide the workers and even communicate with people.

I don't KNOW the ANSWER DUDE because I don't know BUINESS STUDIES

A) PLANNING

Deciding in advance as what is to be DONE, when it is to be done and who is to do it is planning function of management.

Is this where you ASK ha
PLZ SEARCH in net and GET ur answers

The last function in managerial PROCESS is "Controlling"........

If U FIND my answer HELPFUL mark it as the brainliest....

Principles of SCIENTIFIC management developed by F.W. Taylor are meant to be a guide to the practice of management.


A brief review of these principles is given below:

1. Science, not Rule of Thumb:
This principle requires development and application of scientific methods. Taylor advocated that the traditional rule of thumb’ methods should be replaced with the scientific methods.

Scientific methods should be used for the following purposes:

(a) To determine standard time required to do a job;

(b) To determine a fair day’s work for the workers;
(c) To determine the best way of doing the work;

(d) To select standard tools and equipment, maintain standard working conditions, etc.

2. Scientific Selection, Training and Development of Workers:

The procedure for selection of workers should be designed scientifically. The errors committed at the time of selection may prove o be very costly later on. If we do not have right workers on the right job, the efficiency of the organisation will be reduced.

Therefore, every organisation should follow a scientific system of selection. The selected workers should be trained to avoid wrong methods of work. Management is responsible for the scientific education and training of workers. It MUST provide OPPORTUNITIES for the development of workers having better capabilities.

3. Harmony, not Discord (Conflict):

There should be harmony (not conflict) between the management and the workers. This requires change of mental attitudes of the workers and the management towards each other. Taylor called it mental revolution. When this mental revolution takes place, workers and management turn their attention towards increasing profits. They do not quarrel about the DISTRIBUTION of profits.

4. Cooperation, not Individualism:

Scientific management is based on cooperation between management and workers, as also between workers themselves. Management can earn higher profits if the workers perform their jobs efficiently and thus ensure better quality, lower costs and larger sales. Workers on their part can earn higher wages if the management provides them with standard materials, standard tools, standardised working conditions, training in standard methods, etc.

Scientific management also promotes cooperation among workers and departments. As activities of all individuals and departments are directly or indirectly linked with one another, interruption of work at any stage would affect the work of many individuals and departments, resulting in lower PRODUCTION and lower wages. The fear of reduced earnings will force workers to cooperate with each other for the smooth working of their departments.

HOPE U LIKE THIS
PLZ MARK IT BRAINL.ANS

Frederick Winslow Taylor started the Scientific Management movement, and he and his associates were the first people to study the work process scientifically. They studied how work was performed, and they looked at how this affected WORKER PRODUCTIVITY. Taylor's PHILOSOPHY focused on the belief that making people work as hard as they could was not as EFFICIENT as optimizing the WAY the work was done.

The scalar chain as the chain of supervisors RANGING from the ultimate authority to the lowest RANK. An EMPLOYEE should FEEL free to contect his SUPERVISOR about anything thraugh the scalar chain.

It is CALLED MENTAL REVOLUTION.

I think it is a) MODERN
...........
If YES please JOIN into BRAINEST ANSWER

Sorry BUDDY I don't know the ANSWER for this because BUSINESS STUDIES sorry

The function do NGOs perform for consumers are as follows;

(1) Accelerating Consumer Awareness/Educating Consumers:
(2) Collecting Data on Different Products and testing them:
(3) FILING Suit on Behalf of Consumers:
(4) ORGANISING Protests against ADULTERATION etc...
(5) Helping Educational INSTITUTIONS:
(6) Promoting Network of Consumer Associations:
(7) Extending Support to Government