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cial movement is always peaceful in nature because it is non VIOLENT, binds the BOND of Unity and it leads to peace. Thus, it forefronts the rights with the support of all individuals. Such movements really MAKES some people aware of their existence to GIVE life and to live life.Example: Green movement and Environment movement.

l CHANGES takes place because of the changes in the culture, values, SOCIETY and beliefs. It enhances more o the ENVIRONMENT and the happenings in the society. As it is a modernized society technology , ideas, VIEWS changes from generation to generation. Thus , it leads to high progress and evolution The two cultural process of changes are External cultural change and INTERNAL cultural change.

s not a RITUAL system, but a dynamic aspect of modern society. In today’s world it is only Humanitarism which values for essential and a peaceful life. It is the understanding of EVERY INDIVIDUAL irrespective of caste, creed and RELIGION. Caste has been in the CULTURE for a very long time and it dates back to the old literatures found

tures tend to change and, at the same time, resist change. There are processes which accept NEW ideas and on the other side, adhere to the existing ONE MAINTAINING stability. Diffusion is one of the processes. It is the movement of THINGS and ideas from one culture to another and when it occurs, its original cultural MEANING may not move but a form of trait may move from one to the other.

mobility can take place through the process of Sanskritization which is a form/ process of imitation. Sanskritization refers to imitation and adoption of processes (followed by upper castes) by tribal and LOWER castes.The lower castes imitate the culture, the PRACTICES and lifestyle of the DOMINANT upper castes to achieve a high social status, to gather inclusiveness into the Hindu society and to come at par with them.

cept of ‘dominant caste’ was propounded by M.N. SRINIVAS. It was for the first time appeared in his essay on the social system of a Mysore village. While constructing the concept, perhaps Srinivas was unconsciously INFLUENCED by African studies on the dominant CLAN and dominant lineage. Srinivas developed the concept in his study of Rampura village which is a little away from Mysore city in Karnataka state. Srinivas, in FACT, wanted to give a COMPREHENSIVE study of Rampura.

constructionism is a theory of knowledge in sociology and communication theory that examines the development of jointly constructed understandings of the world that form the basis for shared assumptions about reality. The theory centers on the notion that meanings are developed in coordination with others rather than separately within each individual.Social constructionism questions what is defined by humans and society to be reality. Therefore, social constructs can be different based on the society and the events surrounding the time period in which they EXIST.[] An example of a social construct is money or the concept of currency, as people in society have agreed to give it importance/ value.Another example of a social construction is the concept of SELF/ self-identity. Charles Cooley stated based on his Looking-Glass-Self theory: "I am not who you THINK I am; I am not who I think I am; I am who I think you think I am."[ This demonstrates how people in society construct ideas or CONCEPTS that may not exist without the existence of people or language to validate those concepts.[There are weak and strong social constructs.Weak social constructs rely on brute facts (which are fundamental facts that are difficult to explain or understand, such as quarks) or institutional facts (which are FORMED from social convention Strong social constructs rely on the human perspective and knowledge that doesn't just exist, but is rather constructed by society

ian Karl Emil Weber (/ˈveɪbər/;German: [ˈveːbɐ]; 21 April 1864 – 14 June 1920) was a German sociologist, philosopher, jurist, and political economist. His ideas profoundly influenced social theory and social research.[6] Weber is often cited, with Émile Durkheim and Karl Marx, as among the three founders of sociology.Weber was a key proponent of methodological anti-positivism, arguing for the study of social action through interpretive (rather than purely empiricist) MEANS, based on understanding the purpose and meaning that individuals attach to their own actions. Unlike Durkheim, he did not believe in mono-causality and rather proposed that for any outcome there can be multiple causes.Max WeberWeber in 1894BornMaximilian Karl Emil Weber21 April 1864Erfurt, Province of Saxony, PrussiaDied14 June 1920(aged 56)Munich, Bavaria, GermanyNationalityPrussia (1864–1871)German Empire(1871–1918)Weimar Republic(1918–1920)Alma materUniversity of BerlinUniversity of HeidelbergKnown forWeberian bureaucracyDisenchantment ·Ideal typeIron cage · Life chancesMethodological individualismMonopoly on violenceProtestant work ethicRationalisation ·Social actionThree-component stratificationTripartite classification of authorityVerstehenInstrumental and intrinsic valueInstrumental and value rationalityScientific careerFieldsEconomicssociologyhistorylawpoliticsphilosophyInstitutionsUniversities of BerlinFreiburgHeidelbergViennaMunichDoctoral advisorLevin GoldschmidtInfluencesHermann Baumgarten[ Immanuel Kant ·Niccolò Machiavelli ·Friedrich Nietzsche ·Wilhelm Dilthey ·Heinrich Rickert ·John STUART Mill[ Georg Simmel ·Werner Sombart Ernst TroeltschInfluencedKarl Jaspers · Georg Simmel · Talcott Parsons · Ludwig VON Mises · György Lukács · Theodor W. Adorno · Carl Schmitt · Jürgen Habermas · Joseph Schumpeter · C. Wright Mills ·Cornelius Castoriadis · Ludwig Lachmann · Karl PolanyiWeber's main intellectual concern was understanding the processes of rationalisation, secularisation, and "disenchantment" that he associated with the rise of capitalism and modernity.[13] He saw these as the result of a new way of thinking about the world.[14] Weber is best known for his thesis combining economic sociology and the sociology of religion, elaborated in his book The Protestant Ethic and the SPIRIT of Capitalism, in which he proposed that asceticProtestantism was one of the major "elective affinities" associated with the rise in the Western world of market-driven capitalism and the rational-legal nation-state. He argued that it was in the basic tenets of Protestantism to boost capitalism. Thus, it can be said that the spirit of capitalism is inherent to Protestant religious values.

sus of India of 2011 reveals that there are 940 FEMALES against 1000 males. Sex ratio is USED to describe the number of females per 1000 of males and It is a precious source for finding the population of women and the ratio of women to that of men in India. In the Population Census of 2011 it was REVEALED that the population ratio in India 2011 is 940 females per 1000 of males. The Sex Ratio 2011 shows an upward TREND from the census 2001 data.

is a method of socioeconomicanalysis that views class relations and social conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and takes a dialecticalview of social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.Marxism uses a methodology, now known as historical materialism, to analyze and critique the development of capitalism and the role of class struggles in systemic economic change.According to Marxist theory, class conflict arises in capitalist societies due to contradictions between the material interests of the oppressed proletariat—a class of wage labourers employed to produce goods and services—and the bourgeoisie—the ruling class that owns the means of production and extract their wealth through appropriation of the surplus product (profit) produced by the proletariat.This class struggle that is commonly expressed as the revolt of a society's productive forces against its relations of production, results in a period of short-term crises as the bourgeoisie struggle to manage the intensifying alienation of laborexperienced by the proletariat, albeit with varying degrees of class consciousness. This CRISIS culminates in a proletarian revolutionand eventually leads to the establishment of socialism—a socioeconomic system based on social ownership of the means of production, distribution based on one's contribution and production organized directly for use. As the productive forces continued to advance, Marx hypothesized that socialism would ultimately transform into a communist society; a classless, STATELESS, humane society based on common ownership and the underlying principle: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs".Marxism has developed into many different BRANCHES and schools of thought, though now there is no single definitive Marxist theory.[1]Different Marxian schools place a greater emphasis on certain aspects of classical Marxism while rejecting or modifying other aspects. Many schools of thought have sought to combine Marxian concepts and non-Marxian concepts, which has then led to contradictory conclusions.[2] However, lately there is movement toward the recognition that historical materialism and dialectical materialism remains the fundamental aspect of all Marxist schools of thought,[3] which should result in more agreement between different schools.Marxism has had a profound and INFLUENTIAL impact on global academia and has expanded into many fields such as archaeology, anthropology,[4] media studies,[5] political science, THEATER, history, sociology, art historyand theory, cultural studies, education, economics, ethics, criminology, geography, literary criticism, aesthetics, film theory, critical psychology and philosophy

classes are underadsatva and ahitaka.These are not FOUND in the Indian manuscripts but they were found in the SRILANKAN ancient manuscripts.They are used for the low works and for the works that should be handled by the servants.In the OLDEN DAYS the people are DIVIDED into four types and the last is called as shudras that represents the slave class.

rue that the origin of a caste is not explained by the traditions and theories of them.The DIFFERENT types of castes follows different way of living, in them some are considered as high and some are considered as the low caste.But there is no COMPLETE evidence that COULD prove the claims of each caste.And the castes are used as a means to CREATE rift and is not used for the SOLE reason for which it was created.

rx is the first person who PROPOSED the CONCEPT of the two important topics, they ate class in itself and class for itself.In the first category the people form a class inside the basic caste and this leads to the concept of class in class.And the NEXT is the the class that serves only the PURPOSE of its class and does not care about OTHERS and this brought the concept of class for itself.

hould become a casteless society but it has not became ONE.In our text books we explain that there should be no CASTE but in the real world every one follows the caste and it is very hard for the to get RID of them.Only at few problems or at few circumstances they forget about their caste for a bit. Those incidents are:During WAR times, during the world cups, during the protests (jallikattu, farmers)ETC...Only the future generation has the capacity to get rid of the caste and they can do this only if they believe that the society must be a casteless one."

d varna is a Sanskrit word that means the colour, class, TYPE or order.The varna is majorly used in the CONCEPTS of the classes peoples are divided into. There are four varnas.They are as follows:1)Brahmanas2)kshatriyas3)Vaishyas4)shudras.These varna are different class that are used to define SET of peoples in the olden age.The brahmanas are the priests, the kshatriyas are the warriors, the VAISHYAS are the farmers and the shudras are the servants and also CONSIDERED as untouchables.

y of the human need for occupation It argues that occupation fulfils basic human NEEDS essential for SURVIVAL, provides the mechanism for people to exercise and DEVELOP innate capacities of a biological, social and cultural nature, to adapt to environmental changes, and to FLOURISH as individuals.

division of labor - the free SOCIAL division of labor, ONE of the two aspects of the division of labor, is the social structural foundation of the SPECIALIZED commodity PRODUCTION divided between industries, firms, and OCCUPATIONS of workers, or the technical division of tasks.

the ANSWER is ANDHRA PRADESH

is an AREA in the urban places with highly populated people in it.The have EXTREME behaviours. They don’t follow any decent LIFE styles. Even their surroundings are dirty and causes various diseases. They don’t maintain their surrounding properly.They are violent and they use COLLOQUIAL language that can hurt or that insults people and they use lot of words for swearing against PEOPLES.

ividuals and society education is important because without it all the accumulated WISDOM and principles of conduct will be lost over the ages. A individual must learn about society's culture or agreed ways to do things. He must know the rules of conduct and STANDARDS of future actions and become part of the dominant society.Education is practiced in an (any) human society. It is a social process and it has both a social and an essential role. The culture establishes a school and culture is created and modeled on the school. Education is thus both a cause as well as a product of society. It comes from society and will fulfill society's needs and desires.Explanation:Social Basis of Education in the Context of Society: A society is a set of individuals involved   in   persistent   inter-personal   relationships, or a broad social community, sharing the same geographical or social area, usually subject to the same political  authority  and  dominant  cultural  expectations. Human societies are defined by patterns of relations between individuals with various cultures and institutions; the cumulative sum of such relations between their constituent members can be represented as one given society.  In  the  social  sciences,  a  bigger society  usually  evinces   dominance or stratification patterns in subgroups.Social Basis of Education in the Context of Culture: Culture means  and includes  belief, knowledge, morals,  art,  custom, law, and  any  other  abilities  and  habits  acquired by man as a member of society. It is believed that some aspects of human behaviour, including language, social activities such as parenthood, gender, wedding, expressive forms such as  dance, music, faith, ritual, and TECHNOLOGY, such as food, clothes, and shelters all are culturally universal. The concept of material culture includes physical manifestations of culture such as technology, art and architecture, while the immaterial facets of culture, such as social organization principles (including political organization and social institution practices), philosophy, mythology,  literature (both written and oral), and sciences form part intangible cultural heritage of a societySocial Basis of Education in the Context of Modernity: Modernity is an art concept used in humanities and in social science to describe both a historical period (the MODERN era) and an array of particular sociocultural norms, behaviours and practices that have evolved around the world since then in a number of forms and at various times. While it encompasses a wide spectrum of intertwined historical and cultural processes (from fashion to contemporary warfare), it may also refers to the EXISTENTIAL or subjective experience of their circumstances and its ongoing effect on society, institutions, and politics.

her of our nation, Mahatma Gandhi TOLD those quotes and he also said that the villages are the homes of the farmers.And so he said those quotes because if there are no farmers then none of US WOULD get any kind of food to eat.And none of the farmers live in the city since the FARMS are AVAILABLE only in the villages and the cities are full of buildings, where there is no space for the trees to be planted.

exports consisted mainly of MANUFACTURER ARTICLES like COTTON being the most important item due to its GREAT demand.

sus record is always TAKEN once in TEN years and according to the census record of 2011 there are ten states that has the POPULATION more than five crores.They are:1) Gujarat- 6.04 crores2) Karnataka- 6.11 crores3) Rajasthan- 6.85 crores4) Tamilnadu- 7.21 crores5) Madhya pradesh- 7.26 crores6) Andhra pradesh- 8.46 crores7) West BENGAL- 9.13 crores8) Bihar- 10.41 crores9) Maharastra- 11.24 crores10) Uttar pradesh- 19.98 crores.

conomy the TOTAL value of momentary assets at a specific time or particular time is called as the SUPPLY of money.According to the RESERVE bank of India the supply of money is very important for not only for the economic development of the country.It also has other purposes such as to ACHIEVE the STABILITY of prices in the economy. It should be stable and should not have both the inflation or deflation.

total stock of the nations increase then it is called as the capital formation.In other ways it is also called as the increase in the net investment.Within the economic or domestic territories of the country, the total expenditure on investment by the production UNIT is called as GROSS domestic capital formation.Initially add the gross domestic capital formation and COST replacement cost, then their DIFFERENCE is EQUAL to the net domestic capital formation.

nomy of INDIA is greatly affected DUE to the shortage of people for the processes of manufacturing.If the workers who are engaged in the process is less then the production of manufacture of a product is delayed exponentially.And the company is forced to bare the LOSSES and if MANY company is on the line to bare lose then it fails the economic increase of the nation.So it is IMPORTANT that more workers should engage in the manufacturing process.

product to be created, the work or the labour is at least divided into five types. They are as follows:(I) DIVISION into trades and PROFESSIONALS.(II)Division of labour into COMPLETE processes.(III)Division of labour into incomplete processes.(IV)Territorial division of labour or localisation of INDUSTRY.(V)Internal division of labour.These five are strictly followed so that maximum product can be PRODUCED in the given type and enhances the production.

of which COUNTRY?INDIA or FOREIGN?

tya Sen, who has hundred honorary degrees and Noble prize holder said that “In Delhi, thousands of buildings do not have public toilets. It is important to construct public toilets in each BUILDING and it is PITIFUL to see people are using STREET corners as the public toilets”. Comparing to the neighbouring countries such China, Pakistan and Bangladesh; these countries have expanded its education and healthcare sectors by investing a LOT and the average lifetime of a person is 68 in the 1970s while it was only 54 in India. This is a pathetic condition in India.

re some many failures to laugh AVIATION in this world. So many people tried their level to construct an air flying machine which is heavier than air. But at LAST, the technique of Wright brothers worked. They have developed economically cheap and most ADVANCED air crafts in their time. They had quite in-depth knowledge of heavier than air NAVIGATION in their period and succeed too in their concepts. During the first and second world wars, the aircraft technology was used. In the 21st century there has been a wide development in aviation, by DEVELOPING low price airlines, so many facilities and lower fuel consumption etc.,

he 11th century, the system of CASTLE introduced and political leaders govern their own people. II. In the 12th century, the law and order are established and followed by the people. III. In 13TH century the markets are established and trade is also started. IV. In the 14th century due to plague disease, many people died. V. In the 15TH century the expansion of land area by Columbus. VI. In the 16th century, The decline of personal violence started. VII. In the 17th century, the scientific inventions are introduced. VIII. In the 18th century, The French revolution took place. IX. In the 19th century, the communication revolution took place. X. The 20th century is called the invention of the future.

a, the POPULATION growth before 1921 was not that much STABLE. Sometimes the population rate GOT increased and sometimes it got decreased. So there is no usual trend. But after 1921 to 1951 the rate of the population got increased year by year in India. So this period is called the 'Population DIVIDE'. After this period the population rate is increased year by year. The maximum population in India is regarded in the 2007 census. So the year 1921 is also KNOWN as the year of Demographic Divide.

kan Railway line joins Maharashtra, Goa and KARNATAKA states in India. It was administrated by the Konkan Railway Corporation. This Konkan region consists of nearly 91 tunnels and 2,000 bridges. It a difficult task to build a railway line in this part. It is the longest tunnel travelling railway route in India. So MANY problems such as landslides and FLASH floods occurred and collapsed the work during this project. After all the hurdles the first PASSENGER train was started on May 1998 via Mumbai to Mangalore. The electrification of the rail route project in Konkan region is finished by 2020.

esources are important for the development of the COUNTRY. Utilizing the sources which are available properly for the welfare of the people in the country. These welfare are organized by the DEPARTMENT called the Human Resource Department (HRD). The development of the country mainly depends on the skill and WORK efficiency of the individual labour used for the work. These THINGS are managed by HRD which constructs the infrastructure for the present and future country's development. Lack of concentration on the Human Resource Department leads to the poor development of the country's economy, education and infrastructure.

elines are constructed in the underground for the transportation of fuels like petrol, diesel from one country to another in the safest WAY WITHOUT disturbing the normal life of the PEOPLE. There are so many pipelines in India. They are, 1. Naharkatia-Nunmati-Barauni Pipeline 2. Salaya-Koyali-Mathura Pipeline 3. Mumbai High-Mumbai-Ankleshwar-Kayoli Pipeline4. Jamnagar-Loni LPG Pipeline and Kandla-Bhatinda Pipeline. 5. Hajira-Bijapur-Jagdishpur or HBJ Gas Pipeline The HBJ that is Hajira-Bijapur-Jadishpur pipeline is India's first cross pipeline.

re so many NATIONAL highways in India. Some of them are mentioned here. National Highway 1 - starts from Delhi covers Jalandhar-Amritsar ends in WAGAH Border. National Highway 2- starts from Delhi covers Agra-Allahabad and ends in Kolkata. National Highway 3- starts from Agra covers Indore-Dhule and ends in Mumbai. National Highway 4-starts from THANE covers Pune-Bangalore and ends in Chennai. National Highway 5- starts from Jharpokaria covers baleshwar-Cuttack-Vijayawada and ends in Chennai.

re constructed for CONNECTION from place to place. It also helps to develop trade among the two different countries hence thereby the ECONOMY of the country also develops. So it is important to maintain the road ways in proper ways. Compared to the ancient roads modern roads surface are made up of concrete mixtures. Due to the high HEAT and heavy rainfall, the roads should not damage. So it must be constructed with high-quality petrol products. During earthquakes, the roads and the bridges BUILT on it should be properly maintained. At present, so many vehicles have been increased so the roads must be frictionless to the TYRES.

ode is otherwise called as Postal Index Number Code is given by the Indian postal department in order to simplify the sorting and delivery of the message cards to the PLACE without any confusion. There are NINE postal zones in India. They are DELHI, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Bihar and Army Post Office. There are six digit numbers in the PIN code. The first digit specifies the region, the second digit specifies the sub-region, the third digit specifies the district in the region and the last THREE digits specifies the particular post office in that region. THUS the PIN code is very important without that code it is difficult to deliver the message to the prescribed location.

Bharathi Service was started in 1957 by All India Radio to conflict Ceylon radio. It reached very quickly in every house in India. Daily VBS radio service entertained people NEARLY 17 hours. It gives a mixture of programmes such as skits, short plays and ATTRACTIVE programs. The famous programs of VBS are Sangeet Sarita, HAWA Mahal, Chhaya Geet etc.In that period, VBS ALSO launched modern programs such as Sakthi Saheli, Hello Farmish and Bioscope audio PICTURE. These programs are created in Mumbai and transmitted through satellite. After few years the famous Hindi Cinema personalities such as Lata Mangeshkar and Amitabh Bachchan are also served as the announcer in VBS."

tes play a vital role in the transportation of DOMESTIC and international trade from country to country. Transportation of GOODS from one to another place through WATERWAYS increases the country’s trade by QUICKEST means and thus the country is developed economically. Major level smuggling and terrorists coming are occurring only through waterway TRANSPORT system. The National security in the waterway routes is also important to reduce smuggling and also reduces the passing of terrorists in the place.

sing through of water in ships or by some other means is called internal navigation. The portion of Internal navigation in India by carrying is of 1%. In India, there are thousands of passable waterways such as rivers, CANALS and narrow gulfs. Of that, only some of the AREAS are now used for passage of water. Roughly around 1.8lakh materials are transported through this internal navigation.In order to give more importance to Internal navigation, the government has announced four waterways. They are1. From Allahabad to Haldia, the systems are Ganga-Bhagirathi and Hooghly.  2. Up to 891km, from Sadiya to Dhubri in RIVER Brahmaputra3. western side of Kerala 4. Kakinada to Marakkanam."

ld bank has aided and improved the northern part of national highway 2, the erection of bypass road on Allahabad and four pathway on Lucknow-Muzaffarpur passage. This is useful in JOINING three states such as Bihar, Orissa, Rajasthan and two areas of Karnataka and WEST Bengal. The world bank also helped the ministry of road transport and HIGHWAYS to maintain the highway cris-cross and upgrade road protection. This bank also FUNDS for the development of the National highway AUTHORITY of India.

Bharathi is the common transmit organization in India. It has the freedom to set up its own organization. The Doordharsan and All India Radio come under this organization set up. The major principle of this committee is organize the common transmit service to PLAN, entertain the people by means of various cultural programs both in Radio and Television, special awareness and RECOGNITION to education programs, sufficient knowledge on sports, encouraging social JUSTICE programs, EDUCATE the rural and urban people through RESEARCH programs.