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| 1. |
1815 is said the turning point in European history. Why? |
| Answer» Revolutionaries spread the idea in Europe after 1815 in the following ways:\tThe autocratic rule after 1815 had caused fear of repression so the liberal-nationalists started to work underground.\tThey established many secret societies to train revolutionaries and spread their ideas.\tThey opposed monarchical forms of governments that were established after the Vienna Congress.\tThey fought for liberty and freedom and thought the creation of nation-state as a necessary part of their struggle for freedom.\tBeing a revolutionary was a commitment to struggle for liberty and freedom and they considered nation states necessary for it to happen.\xa0\tThey formed secret societies to spread ideas and train revolutionaries. For eg, Giuseppe Mazzini founded secret societies like Young Italy and Young Europe for the unification of fragmented Italy.\tFollowing Mazzini’s model, secret societies were set up in Germany, France, Switzerland and Poland.\tLiberalism and nationalism brought revolution in many regions of Europe like the provinces of the Ottoman Empire, Ireland, Poland besides Italy and Germany. | |