Answer» Correct Answer - Option 4 : Saving-income ratio
The correct answer is Saving-income ratio. - Level of savings:
- Higher savings enable greater investment in capital stock.
- The Harrod Domar Model:
- It is used in development economics to explain an economy's growth rate in terms of the level of saving and of capital.
- The Harrod Domar Model suggests that the rate of economic growth depends on two things:
- Level of Savings
- Capital-Output Ratio
- In simple form economic growth= \(Level of Savings \over Capital-Output Ratio\)
- Level of savings:
- Higher savings enable greater investment in capital stock.
- The marginal efficiency of capital:
- This refers to the productivity of investment, e.g. if machines costing $30 million increase output by $10 million.
- The capital-output ratio is 3.
- Depreciation:
- Old capital wearing out.
- The Harrod Domar Model introduced a concept known as the warranted growth rate.
- This is the growth rate at which all saving is absorbed into investment. (e.g. $100 of saving = $100 of investment).
- According to the Harrod–Domar model, there are three sets of growth:
- Warranted growth
- Actual growth
- The natural rate of growth
- The warranted growth rate is the rate of growth at which the economy does not expand indefinitely.
- Actual growth is the real rate increase in a country's GDP per year.
- Natural growth is the growth an economy requires to maintain full employment.
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