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Define electric potential difference. State the formula for it. Name and define the SI unit of potential difference. |
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Answer» Solution :Definition of electric potential difference : The electric potential difference (p.d.) between any two points A and B in an electric FIELD is the work DONE to move a unit positive charge (+ 1 C) from one point A to the another point B against the electric force due to the electric field. Potential difference (V) between two points `=("Work done (W)")/("Charge (Q)")` If potential at point A is `V_A` and that at point B is `V_B`. electric potential difference between points A and B is `({:("Potential at"),("Final Point B"):})-({:("Potential at"),("Initial Point A"):})=W/Q` `i.e., V_B - V_A = W/Q`.......(12.3) If `V_B - V_A` is denoted by V, `V = W/Q` Electric potential difference (p.d.) is also known as voltage. The SI unit of p.d. is volt or JOULE / COULOMB. Definition of the volt: The potential difference between two points in an electric field is said to be 1 volt if 1J of work is done to move a charge of 1c from one point to another point. `(1V = (1J)/(1C))` |
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