1.

Explain the chemical reactions of ethanoic acid.

Answer»

Solution :(1) Esterification reaction : Reaction of a carboxylic acid and an ALCOHOL in the presence of an acid catalyst forms ester and water. This reaction is called an esterification reaction.
Ethanoic acid reacts with absolute ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form ester and water.
`underset("Ethanoic acid")(CH_(3)-underset(O)underset(||)C-OH)+underset("Ethanol")(HO-CH_(2)-CH_(3))overset("Acid")iffunderset("Ethyl acetate (Ester)")(CH_(3)-underset(O)underset(||)C-O-CH_(2)CH_(3))+underset("Water")(H_(2)O)`
Esters are sweet smelling liquids and are used in making perfumes and flavouring agents.
A reaction of an ester with an alkali forming an alcohol and sodium salt of carboxylic acid is called saponification reaction.
On treating with sodium hydroxide, which is an alkali (base), the ester is converted back to alcohol and sodium salt of carboxylic acid.
`underset("Ethyl acetate")(CH_(3)COOC_(2)H_(5))overset(NaOH)tounderset("Ethanol")(C_(2)H_(5)OH)+underset("acetate")underset("Sodium")(CH_(3)COONa)`
(2) Reaction with a base (Neutralisation) :
LIKE mineral ACIDS `(HCI, HNO_(3), H_(2)SO_(4))`, carboxylic acid reacts with a base to form salt and water. This is called neutralisation reaction.
Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide and forms sodium ethanoate (salt) and water.
`underset("Ethanoic acid")(CH_(3)-underset(O)underset(||)C-OH)+underset("hydroxide")underset("Sodium")(HO-Na)tounderset("Sodium ethanoate")(CH_(3)-underset(O)underset(||)C-ONa)+underset("Water")(H_(2)O)`

(3) Reaction with carbonates and hydrogen-carbonates : Ethanoic acid reacts with carbonates and hydrogencarbonates to form a salt, water and carbon dioxide.
Here, the salt formed is sodium acetate.
`underset("acid")underset("Ethanoic")(2CH_(3)COOH)+underset("carbonate")underset("Sodium")(Na_(2)CO_(3))tounderset("acetate")underset("Sodium")(2CH_(3)COONa)+underset("Water")(H_(2)O)+underset("dioxide")underset("Carbon")(CO_(2))`
`underset("acid")underset("Ethanoic")(CH_(3)COOH)+underset("HYDROGENCARBONATE")underset("Sodium")(NaHCO_(3))tounderset("acetate")underset("Sodium")(CH_(3)COONa)+underset("Water")(H_(2)O)+underset("dioxide")underset("Carbon")(CO_(2))`


Discussion

No Comment Found

Related InterviewSolutions