Explain the term functional group with an example.

1.	Explain the term functional group with an example.
Answer» Solution :The compound acquirespecific chemical properties due to these heteroatoms or the groups of atoms that contain hetero atoms, irrrespective of the LENGTH and NATURE of the carbon chain in that compound. Therefore these hetero atoms or the groups of atoms containing hetero atomsa are called functional groups. All organic compounds are derivatives of HYDROCARBONS. The derivatives are formed by replacing one or more H-atom/atoms ofhydrocarbon by some other hetero atom or groups of atoms containing hetero atoms. After replacement, a new compound is formed which has propertiesdifferent from the parent hydrocarbon. Examples : For methane, if one hydrogen atom is replaced by an -OH group, then a compound is methylalcohol `(CH_(3)OH)`. The -OH group isknown as the alcoholic functional group. Functional group is organic compound : 1. Alcohol : ` -OH` (hydroxy group) 2. Aldehyde : `-overset(H)overset("\|")C=O` 3. Ketones : `-overset(O)overset("\|\|")C-` 4. Carboxylic ACID :`-COOH`

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