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explain the terms analogous and homologous organ |
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Answer» Analogy:It refers to the similarity in function of two different organisms due to convergent evolution and not common ancestry.Analogy in Animals: Analogous organs are the opposite of homologous organs, which have similar functions but different origins. An example of an analogous trait would be the wings of insects, bats and birds that evolved independently in each lineage separately after diverging from an ancestor without wings.The wings of insects originate from the inner or outer surface of the insect’s body. Feathers of birds originate from their forelimbs, and the wings of bats originate from both the fore limb and the membranous skin of the abdomen.Homology: Homology refers to the traits inherited by two different organisms from a common ancestry. Homology in Animals: Organs such as bat\'s wing, wings of birds, seal’s flipper, forelimb of a horse, and human arm have a common underlying anatomy that was present in their last common ancestors therefore their forelimbs are homologous organs.We can observe that though the shape and the size of the bones are not similar, there is a similarity in their structure that is, they have the same set of bones humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges. Man uses his hands to grasp and perform tasks, whales use their flippers for swimming, bats and birds use their wings for flight and horses use their forelimbs for running. Analogous are different in basic structure and have same functions whereas homolgous organs have same structure but different functions .. Examples of analogous wing of bat and bird examples of homologous organs are lizard,frog, etc kkkkk ☺????? |
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