1.

How can disasters be classified depending upon various criteria?

Answer»

Solution :i. Disasters can be broadly classifed as:
a. Geophysical disasters: These disasters are caused due to internal earth processes or SUDDEN and EXTREME changes in the atmosphere.
b. Biological disasters: These dissters arise due to sudden growth of a certatin kinds of plants (weeds), animals or microbes.
c. Man-made disasters. These disasters are caused due to man-made factors like industries, technological research etc.
ii. Geophysical disasters are further dclassified as:
a Geological disasters
Examples: Earthquake, tsunami, volcano, landslides, landfall, erosion, flooding etc.
b. Atmospheric disasters
Examples: Hot and cold wves, snowfall, snow storms, hailstorms, CYCLONES, drought, flood, meteorite impacts , sun spot activity, etc.
iii. Biological disasters are further classified as:
a. Plant related disasters
Examples: Forest fire, weeds INCLUDING aquatic weds, carrot grass and common grass, etc.
b. Animal related disasters
Examples: Diseases like cholera, malaria, hepatitis, plague caused due to INFECTIOUS viruses and bacteria and spread by insects, bite of poisonous animals, etc.
iv. Man-made disasters are of following two types: ltrbgt a. Unpredicatable or unintentional disasters
Examples: Leakage of poisonous gases, effects of atomic tests, accidents and other unplanned actions.
b. Intentional disasters
Examples: War, fire, bomb blast, forced migration, terrorism, rapes, and child labour, etc.


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