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Properties such as boiling point, freezing point and vapour pressure of a pure solvent change when solute molecules are added to get homogeneous solution. These are called colligative properties. Applications of colligative properties are very useful in day-to-day life. One of its examples is the use of ethylene glycol and water mixture as anti-freezing liquid in the radiator of automobiles. A solution `M` is prepared by mixing ethanol and water. Thus moel fraction of ethanol in the mixture is `0.9`. Given: Freezing point depression constant of water `(K_(f)^("water")) = 1.86 K kg mol^(-1)` Freezing point depression constant of ethanol `(K_(f)^("ethanol")) = 2.0 K kg mol^(-1)` Boiling point elevation constant of water `(K_(b)^("water")) = 0.52 K kg mol^(-1)` Boiling point elevation constant of ethanol `(K_(b)^("ethanol")) = 1.2 K kg mol^(-1)` Standard freezing point of water `= 273 K` Standard freezing point of ethanol `= 155.7K` Standard boiling point of water `= 373 K` Standard boiling point of ethanol `= 351.5 K` vapour pressure of pure water `= 32.8 mm Hg` Vapour pressure of pure ethanol `= 40 mm Hg` Molecualr weight of water `= 18 g mol^(-1)` Molecular weight of ethanol `= 46 g mol^(-1)` In asweering the following questions, consider the solutions to be ideal dilute solutions and solutes to be non-volatile and non-dissociative. The vapour pressure of the solution `M` is:A. `39.3 mm Hg`B. `36.0 mm Hg`C. `29.5 mm Hg`D. `28.8 mm Hg`

Answer» Correct Answer - B
According to Raoult,s law
`P=P_(A)^(@)chi_(A) =40 xx 0.9 =36 mm Hg`
In the paragraph, it has been directed to take solute as non-volatile, thus `H_(2)O` does not contribute in total vapour pressure.


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