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Properties such as boiling point, freezing point and vapour pressure of a pure solvent change when solute molecules are added to get homogeneous solution. These are called colligative properties. Applications of colligative properties are very useful in day-to-day life. One of its examples is the use of ethylene glycol and water mixture as anti-freezing liquid in the radiator of automobiles. A solution `M` is prepared by mixing ethanol and water. Thus moel fraction of ethanol in the mixture is `0.9`. Given: Freezing point depression constant of water `(K_(f)^("water")) = 1.86 K kg mol^(-1)` Freezing point depression constant of ethanol `(K_(f)^("ethanol")) = 2.0 K kg mol^(-1)` Boiling point elevation constant of water `(K_(b)^("water")) = 0.52 K kg mol^(-1)` Boiling point elevation constant of ethanol `(K_(b)^("ethanol")) = 1.2 K kg mol^(-1)` Standard freezing point of water `= 273 K` Standard freezing point of ethanol `= 155.7K` Standard boiling point of water `= 373 K` Standard boiling point of ethanol `= 351.5 K` vapour pressure of pure water `= 32.8 mm Hg` Vapour pressure of pure ethanol `= 40 mm Hg` Molecualr weight of water `= 18 g mol^(-1)` Molecular weight of ethanol `= 46 g mol^(-1)` In asweering the following questions, consider the solutions to be ideal dilute solutions and solutes to be non-volatile and non-dissociative. The freezing point of the solution `M` is :A. `268.7 K`B. `268.5 K`C. `234.2 K`D. `150.9 K` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Solution `M` is a mixture of ethanol and water, where ethanol is the solvent because the mole fraction of ethanol is `0.9`. The mole fraction of water =`0.1` Molarity of `H_(2)O(m_(H2O))=(chi_(2) xx 1000)/(chi_(1) xx Mw_(1))` `=(0.1 xx 1000)/(0.9 xx 46) =2.415` `DeltaT_(f)=K_(f) xx m =2 xx 2.415 =4.83` Freezing point =`155.7-4.83 =150.87 K` |
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