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| 1. |
Why were muslims less in civil disobedience movement |
| Answer» \xa0(i) After the decline of the Non-Cooperation-Khilafat Movement, a large sectionof Muslims felt separated from the Congress.(ii) From the mid-1920s the Congress came to be more visibly associated withopenly Hindu religious nationalist groups like the Hindu Mahasabha.(iii) This worsened the relations between Hindus and Muslims.(iv) Each community organised religious processions with militant fervour,provoking Hindu-Muslim communal clashes and riots in various cities.(v) Every riot deepened the distance between the two communities.(vi) Muhammad Ali Jinnah, (leader of the Muslim League) agreed to quit thedemand for separate electorates, if Muslims were guaranteed reserved seatsin the Central Assembly and representation in the Muslim-dominatedprovinces (Bengal and Punjab).(vii) But all hopes were dashed in 1928 when M.R. Jayakar of the Hindu Mahasabhastrongly opposed to compromise.(viii) In 1930, Sir Muhammad Iqbal, (President of the Muslim League) re-stated theimportance of separate electorates for the Muslims as an important safeguardfor their minority political interests. | |