Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Software developers sometimes make inadvertent mistakes that halt the build process, produce undesirable warnings, or fail automated tests. This type of error is known as a 'Build Breaker'. As soon as the developer is aware of the problem, he/she must take immediate action to get the build back to its normal state. The tester must address these issues quickly and equitably to bring the software development back to a normal/standard state by resolving the bugs.

Agile testing offers many career prospects to people seeking employment with leading organizations; however, it is crucial that employees work hard and consistently in order to achieve employment. 
Agile testing facilitates closer collaboration between developers and testers, leading to a higher level of quality. Agile tester has to list out the corrective feedback and provide it to the developer's team as part of the continuous update cycle. Essentially, this is a continuous integration of Agile development and testing methodologies to achieve the desired results. Those preparing for Agile scrum interviews should read in-depth about this topic.

For those who are preparing to attend an interview in this niche, the above-mentioned Agile interview questions for experienced, as well as those who are new to the field, will send you straight to the top. Candidates should have a strong grasp of concepts but also have the ability to speak confidently and decisively. Practising mock interviews can help you develop your self-confidence and prepare you for different interview scenarios. You can easily pass this interview with good preparation and a little bit of cleverness.

• https://www.interviewbit.com/blog/agile-model/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/blog/agile-principles/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/blog/difference-between-agile-and-scrum/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/blog/agile-vs-waterfall/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/software-testing-interview-questions/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/performance-testing-interview-questions/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/scrum-master-interview-questions/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/automation-testing-interview-questions/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/sdlc-interview-questions/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/sdet-interview-questions/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/technical-interview-questions/


• https://www.interviewbit.com/software-testing-mcq/

Here are some advantages of keeping iteration lengths consistent throughout the project:

• It can serve as a consistent way of measuring the velocity of the team.


• Establishing a consistent delivery pattern becomes more straightforward using it.


• It is inefficient to decide the iteration length at the beginning of each iteration. Test a few lengths, come to a decision, then stick with it until there is a reason to change.


• Having a consistent iteration length, be it one week, three weeks, or somewhere in between, helps teams settle into the pace that works best for them.

Agile development teams continuously strive to improve their production processes. However, certain impediments may reduce the value produced, thus slowing down the development process. Impediments are factors that prevent the Development Team from producing useful software in a Sprint or impede the team from achieving its intrinsic goals. The Scrum Master's main role is to remove all impediments that prevent the Development team from moving forward. Given the self-organizing nature of the team, the Scrum Master should assist the team in trying to solve their own problems. Or better still, prevent obstacles from becoming impediments. There are many types of impediments that may arise, as you can see below.

• Illness among the team members


• Unforeseen changes team composition


• Tool issues for the Development Team


• Lack of skilled personnel


• Supplier issues


• Product owner's absence


• Unnecessary meetings for the Development Team


• Restrictions on teamwork.


• Conflict among team members, etc.

QA (Quality Assurance) analysts have myriad responsibilities in agile development, as follows:

• Since QA works closely with the software development team from the beginning, QA is capable of identifying potential risks. As QA analysts participate in daily scrums, they can update the team with known and critical issues, so they can stay focused on the bug and speed up their planning.


• QA estimates the testing effort required for each user story in the sprint planning session.


• QA acts as a proxy product owner in the absence of a Product Owner. Additionally, they can discuss the business requirements with the Product Owner.


• For the ongoing enhancement of user stories, QA analysts provide the product owner with feedback from their past testing experiences and the experiences of their team members during each sprint.


• Developers and QA analysts engage in quick handoff demonstrations for every new feature. QA will be able to see how the newly developed feature works, allowing them to raise questions to the development team.

Continuous Integration (CI) is considered one of the cornerstones of Agile development. This method of developing software requires small components of code to be integrated continuously into the main code following all the phases of the software development lifecycle (SDLC). The following are some of the benefits of CI in agile:

• New features can be easily enhanced after the initial version has been released. It reduces the time required to develop new features while ensuring product stability.


• Continuous integration ensures that code stays robust enough to be utilized by customers or other stakeholders at any time. Overall, this will speed up the development process.


• Moreover, it spurs more feedback between developers and customers, assisting the development team in getting things right before meeting iteration deadlines.


• By combining Agile and Continuous Integration, the SDLC can be transformed and many of its shortcomings eliminated. Ultimately, this leads to an efficient and faster deployment process.


• Effective CI assures that integration never becomes an issue as your code only reflects slight deviations from the codebase. As long as the team continuously deals with small divergences, it does not have to deal with scary divergences.

In the field of computer software, ABI stands for Application Binary Interface. It's primarily an interface between two binary program modules, one of which is a library or system facility, and the other is a user program. In essence, ABI deals with the implementation details of programs, i.e., what the code turns into after it has been compiled. API covers calling convention, data types, alignment, size, as well as how an application should handle system calls to the operating system.

In Agile, a test stub is a small piece of code (modules) that simulates an component/element in the system being tested and can replace it. Top-down integration testing often involves the use of stubs to simulate or mimic the behavior of lower-level modules that have not been integrated. Stubs are temporary replacements for a called module, and produce the same output as the actual product.

This spike is designed to integrate with the current architecture, current technology, and a set of best practices that will result in high-quality production code. This might seem like a very narrow implementation of the functionality, but it is not junk code. In fact, this code is of production quality, and as such, it will probably be utilized in future iterations of the project. Therefore, the next iterations can build upon this base code.

There are two different testing methods that can be employed to test software release schedules, namely exploratory testing and scripted testing.

• 
  Sprint Zero: The Sprint Zero is the initial sprint of a team, which occurs before the formal start of the project, before official documentation, and/or before the team's inception. Sprints are intended for the Development Team to develop a minimum number of User Stories, story mapping, a project skeleton, and develop a full-fledged product. As part of sprint zero, the team answers the following questions:
  
  
  • What is the duration of sprints?
  
  
  • When is a sprint considered completed?
  
  
  • What tools do we use, and how should they be used?
  
  
  • How should we work? Would it be best to formalize our agreement in writing?
  
  
  
  


• 
  Spike: This shorthand term refers to "spike solutions". It represents the initial investigation or research of a software solution (which could be a feature, a bug fix, a migration task, etc.). Instead of documenting what needs to be done, try to construct a quick, throwaway solution to get a better sense of the scope of work (by validating the technical assumptions). Ideally, spikes should be scheduled along with all other features (bugs, fixes, etc.) during sprints. If a team is unable to agree on an estimate, it may realize the need for a spike.

Refactoring offers the following benefits:

• Refactoring code to make it less complex and easier to understand.


• Streamline the source code design to speed up the creation of new features.


• Reduce messy and unrefined code, which may otherwise require additional rework.


• Reducing the cost of code maintenance and making it more modular and readable.


• Enhancing the architecture of software without affecting its behavior.


• Improved modularity to increase reusability.

The word 'refactoring' describes the process of improving the internal structure, the operation, or the aesthetics of a code or component without changing/affecting its external behavior. Teams working in Agile are responsible for maintaining and enhancing their code on an incremental basis, Sprint by Sprint. Without refactoring, an Agile project will end up with poor code quality, such as unhealthy dependencies between classes, too many responsibilities per method, improper design of class responsibilities, and multiple forms of confusion and clutter.  Code refactoring helps to simplify ambiguous and complex code by removing chaos.

In the following example, it can be seen that the 5th module is a refactor. A refactor (5th) is usually broken down into several sequential micro-refactors, and each of those micro-refactors must be tested to ensure they are free from errors.

An acceptance test is a test conducted to evaluate whether or not the requirements of a software specification have been met. Testing involves comparing new features, functionality, or systems against predefined acceptance criteria. Acceptance testing is an integral part of agile development and is not merely an afterthought. The intent, however, remains the same: ensuring that software meets customer and end-user expectations.

There are various factors that set Agile testing apart from other traditional Software testing methodologies.

In cases where requirements are constantly changing, agile testers are advised to follow the following approach:

• Prepare generic test cases and test plans focused on the intent of the requirement rather than its details.


• Product Owners and teams must work together to understand and minimize the impact of requirements changes.


• Develop contingency plans to address the risks of changing requirements at the end of the iteration.


• It is best to automate a feature only after the feature has been stabilized and the requirements are finalized.


• Use Agile Task Boards for better project management as they help arrange development tasks into various categories like To-Do, In Progress, and Done. With this categorization, team members can see where they stand in their progress, as well as which parts of the project are in need of attention. 


• A daily stand-up meeting with clients is highly beneficial because any changes that clients suggest can be discussed right away. Changes in requirements, timeframe, effort, and overall project schedule can all be discussed at a higher level and agreed upon during these meetings.


• Let your customer participate in all stages of the project, from the initial stage of identifying requirements to the final phase of implementation. The customer may change requirements during each interaction.

Scrumban, as its name implies, is a hybrid Agile methodology that combines Scrum and Kanban (Scrum+Kanban = Scrumban). Hybrid project methodologies like Scruban allow teams to be flexible in adapting to stakeholders and production requirements without being overburdened by their project methodologies. Scrumban combines the structure of Scrum with flow-based methods and the flexibility of Kanban, making it an extremely versatile way of managing workflows. It increases team agility, efficiency, and productivity.