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17101.

Question : . Differentiate between self pollination and cross pollination .

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
17102.

Question : Give the structure of ribosome.

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Solution :(1) Ribosome is a granular CELL organelle present in both eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic cells. It is very important supra- molecular machine that is associated with protein synthesis.
(2) There are about 10000 RIBOSOMES in eukaryotic cells such as E.coli. Each ribosome is composed of 65% r-RNA and 35% proteins.
(3) Ribosome has two subunits having sedimentation COEFFICIENT of 30 S and 50 S. The combined sedimentation coefficient of ribosome is 70 S in prokaryotic cells.
(4) In eukaryotic cells ribosomes have the sedimentation coeffi- cient of 80 S. This type of ribosome has two subunits, 40 S and 60 S. These subunits are called small and large subunits respectively.
(5) Both ribosomal subunits contain huge RNA molecules. These are covered by protein molecules. There are more than 80 different types of proteins in eukaryotic ribosomes. The two irregularly shaped units of ribosomes fit together to form a cleft through which the m-RNA molecule passes at the time of translation. Ribosomes move at this time of protein synthesis.
(6) In the mitochondria and chloroplasts ribosomes are present. But ribosomes are not surrounded by any MEMBRANE.
Discussion
17103.

Question : Give the significance of using a 'bioreactor' in biotechnological experiments.Which is the commonly used type of bioreactor ?

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Solution :A BIOREACTOR provides the optimal conditions for achieving the DESIRED PRODUCT by providing OPTIMUM growth conditions .
Discussion
17104.

Question : Give the site of secretion and the function of relaxin.

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SOLUTION :Relaxin is SECRETED by placenta. It increases flexibility of pubic SYMPHYSIS and dilates uterine cervix during LABOUR.
Discussion
17105.

Question : Give the significance of respiration.

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Solution :(a) Respiration provides energy for biosyn-thesis of CELLULAR materials, such as CARBOHYDRATES, proteins, fats, LIPIDS, VITAMINS, pigments etc.
(b) It is also a source of energy for cells-division, growth, repair and replacement of worn out parts, movements, location etc.
(c) Various intermediates of Kreb's cycle are used as building blocks for synthesis of other complex COMPOUNDS.
Discussion
17106.

Question : Give an example of a plant which came into India as a contaminant and is a cause of pollen allergy.

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SOLUTION :Partheninm hysterophorus (CARROT GRASS)
Discussion
17107.

Question : Give the scientific term for the symbiotic association of fungi with the roots of higher plants.

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SOLUTION :MYCORRHIZA
Discussion
17108.

Question : Give the scientific terms for the following Spreading of cancer cell into distant place.

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SOLUTION :METASTASIS
Discussion
17109.

Question : Give the scientific names of the organisms causing the following disease: Tuberculosis

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SOLUTION :MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Discussion
17110.

Question : Give the scientific names of the organisms causing the following disease: Leprosy

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SOLUTION :MYCOBACTERIUM leprae
Discussion
17111.

Question : Give the scientific names of the organisms causing the following disease: Diphtheria

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SOLUTION :CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE
Discussion
17112.

Question : Give the scientific names of the organisms causing the following disease: Cholera

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SOLUTION :VIBRIO cholerae
Discussion
17113.

Question : Give the scientific names of silkworm and lac insect.

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SOLUTION :SILKWORM = BOMBYX mori. Lac insect = Tacchardia lacca.
Discussion
17114.

Question : Give the scientific names of rock bee and little bee.

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SOLUTION :ROCK BEE : APIS dorsata.
LITTLE bee : Apis florea.
Discussion
17115.

Question : Give the scientific names of any two microorganisms inhabiting the human intestine,

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SOLUTION :• (1) ESCHERICHIA COLI (2) Enterococcusfaecalis
Discussion
17116.

Question : What is the scientific name of the plant with which Mendal worked?

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ANSWER :PISUM sativum
Discussion
17117.

Question :Give the scientific name of the parasite that causes maligant malaria in humans. At what stage does this parasite enter the human body? Trace its life cycl in human body.

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Solution : SCIENTIFIC NAME of the parasite that causes maligant nialaria in HUMAN is PLASM odium FALCIPARUM. Parasite enters the human body as sporozoite.
Discussion
17118.

Question :Give two example of adaptive radiation.

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SOLUTION :WUCHERERIA bancrofti
Discussion
17119.

Question :Give the scientific name and also the common name of the plant in which incomplete dominance was first discovered.

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SOLUTION :MIRABILIS JALAPA (FOUR O.clock PLANT)
Discussion
17120.

Question : Give the schematic representation of TCA cycle (Krebs cycle).

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
17121.

Question : Give the role of VAM related to soil fertility.

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SOLUTION :VAM plays an important role in INCREASING the soil fertility as it HELPS in converting the less PRODUCTIVE soil into more productive soil.
Discussion
17122.

Question : Give the role of plasmids in bacterial cell.

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Solution :PLASMIDS in bacterial CELLS carry bacterial genome having GENES related to metabolic ACTIVITY which allow the bacteriato SURVIVE and reproduce under unfavourable conditions.
Discussion
17123.

Question : Give the role of sun in the origin and evolution of life .

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SOLUTION : Solar radiations in the FORM of UV RAYS or infra-red rays provided the most abundant type of free energy available on primitive EARTH.
Discussion
17124.

Question : Give the role of a. Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) b. Tissue growth factor-Beta(TGF-beta) in Gene therapy.

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SOLUTION :a. TISSUE plasminogen activator (TPA) helps in the prevention of formation of blood clots. It also REVERSES the proces of blood clotting.
B. Tissue growth factor `beta` or TGF- `beta` promotes the formation of new-blood vessels and also helps in the epidermal growth. Thus it becomes USEFUL is wound healing and in the treatment of burns.
Discussion
17125.

Question : Give the reason for Down's syndrome.

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SOLUTION :TRISOMY of 21ST CHROMOSOME.
Discussion
17126.

Question : Give the 'r" value (intrinsic rate of natural increase) value for Humans (in 1981) and Norway rat.

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SOLUTION :For the NORWAY rat the r is 0.015, and for the FLOUR beetle it is 0.12.
In 1981, the r VALUE for human population in India was 0.0205.
Discussion
17127.

Question : Give the proper terminologies for the following statement (a) Single gene affecting multiple traits (b) Single trait affected by many genes .

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SOLUTION :(a) PLEIOTROPISM
(b) POLY genic inheritance
Discussion
17128.

Question :Give the proper medical terminology for the following statements. (a) Surgical sterilization in woman (b) Surgical removal of testis.

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SOLUTION :(a) TUBECTOMY
(B) ORCHIDECTOMY (CASTRATION)
Discussion
17129.

Question : Give the phenotypic ratio of (a) Dihybrid cross (b) Dihybrid test cross

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Solution :(a) Dihybrid cross ratio = 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
(B) Dihybrid test cross ratio = 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
Discussion
17130.

Question :Give the phenotypic ratio of (a) Dihybrid cross (b) Dihybrid test cross

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SOLUTION :(a) DIHYBRID cross ratio = 9:3:3:1
(B) Dihybrid TEST cross ratio = 1:1:1:1
Discussion
17131.

Question : Give the pair of sex chromosomes in male and female birds.

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Solution :The PAIR of SEX chromosomes in male birds are ZZ while in FEMALE birds it is ZW.
Discussion
17132.

Question : Give the one word scientific term for the following. Very large vessels used for growing microbes in industrial scale production.

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SOLUTION :FERMENTORS
Discussion
17133.

Question : Give the one word scientific term for the following. Organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil.

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SOLUTION :BIOFERTILISERS
Discussion
17134.

Question : Give the one word scientific term for the following . Chemical substances produced by some microbes that can kill other microbes.

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SOLUTION :ANTIBIOTICS
Discussion
17135.

Question : Give the numbers of protected areas in whole world.

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17000
37000
1700
3700

Solution :37000
Discussion
17136.

Question : Give the numbers of extinct species kept in Red list in 2000.

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4175
8198
11096
16241

Solution :11096
Discussion
17137.

Question : Give the number of national parks in India. Name any two of them in Tamil Nadu.

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SOLUTION :India has 104 National Parks. Guindy National Park (CHENNAI) and Mudumalai National Park (NILGIRIS) are LOCATED in Tamil Nadu.
Discussion
17138.

Question : Give the number of linkage groups of human and drosophila.

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ANSWER :23 and 4
Discussion
17139.

Question : Give the names of two methods of in-situ conservation.

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SOLUTION :(a) Wild LIFE Sanctuaries (B) Biosphere RESERVE
Discussion
17140.

Question : Give the names of any four insect resistant varieties of crop.

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Solution :(1) Hairy leaves in some plants, for example, COTTON plants are associated with resistance to insect PESTS LIKE jassids.
(2) Maize plants with high aspartic acid, LOW nitrogen and sugar are not affected by maize stem borers.
(3) Pusa Gaurav an improved variety of Brassica is resistant to Aphids.
(4) Pusa Sawni and Pusa A-4 of Okra (Bhindi) are resistant to shoot and fruit borer.
Discussion
17141.

Question : How many numbers of sacred grooves were documented in Tamil Nadu?

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SOLUTION :(a) Banagudi Shola (B) Thirukurungudi (C) Udaiyankudikadu (d) Sittannavasal
Discussion
17142.

Question : Give the names and functions of the hormones involved in the process of spermatogenesis. Write the names of the endocrine glands from where they are released.

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Solution :Hormones that control spermatogenesis are
(a) Follicle STIMULATING hormone (FSH) which is secreted by anterior pituitary.
(B) SECRETION of FSH is CONTROLLED by hypothalamic GONADOTROPIN releasing hormone (GnRH).
Discussion
17143.

Question : Give the names of a. biggest reptile.b. first mammal c. first fossil of human evolution.d. first fossil of horse evolution.

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SOLUTION :a. TYRANNOSAURUS rexb. SHREW
C. DRYOPITHECUS and Ramapithecusd.Eohippus
Discussion
17144.

Question : Give the name of the process involved in DNA fragmentation.

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Solution :The name of the PROCESS INVOLVED in DNA FRAGMENTATION is Restriction DIGESTION.
Discussion
17145.

Question : The nervous band connecting both the cerebralhemispheresis known as_____.

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ANSWER :CORPUS CALLOSUM
Discussion
17146.

Question : Give the name of one causative organism of the filariasis disease.

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SOLUTION :WUCHERERIA bancrofti
Discussion
17147.

Question : Give the names of the scientist who rediscovered Mendelism.

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SOLUTION :Mendel.s EXPERIMENTS were rediscovered by three BIOLOGISTS, Hugo de Vries of Holland , Carl Correns of Germany and ERICH von Tschermak of Australia.
Discussion
17148.

Question : Give the name of first commercially used biopesticide in the world.

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SOLUTION :First commercially USED BIOPESTICIDE was Sporeine, prepared from BACTERIUM BACILLUS thuringiensis
Discussion
17149.

Question : Give the name of biofortified crop and importance

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Solution :1. Maize hybrid - Twice the amount of amino acid, lysine and tryptophan
2. WHEAT variety Atlas 66-High protein content
3. Iron FORTIFIED RICE - Five times as much iron as in COMMON rice
Discussion
17150.

Question : Give the name of a crop manipulated by mutation and the character induced in it.

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SOLUTION :Mung bean - RESISTANCE to yellow mosaic VIRUS and powdery MILDEW.
Discussion