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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1001.

Solve : Need help creating a shell function!?

Answer»

I'm trying to figure out how create a shell function, which should accept two ARGUMENTS assumed to be numbers. The function's output should be the LESSER of the ARGUMENT, meaning it should output the lower number.

Can anyone help?

I'm USING Bash.

1002.

Solve : Wine for a Linux noob?

Answer»

Right I'm running SUSE 11.1 (don't ask me for more details because you'll have to explain to me what it is and how to find it), and I can't find Wine. So I've THOUGHT to myself, ok maybe I need to download it. Nope I just get "Wine should already be installed at directory: *somewhere* (I'm on Windows atm how am I supposed to remember where its meant to be?). I can download components and general ODDS and sods but I don't get it. Am I missing something?

Simple brakedown of gibberish:

  • Linux SUSE 11.1
  • Where is Wine?
  • How to get Wine?
WITHIN SuSE, find YaST (Yet Another Setup Tool). Find the program selection (may be called package management - it's been so long since I used SuSE - version 5? - I suspect it's changed a bit!) and search for Wine there.Yeah, I last used Version 8 and it was pretty obvious back then.If none of the above works, find a SuSE RPM (if there is one) from the official Wine site and install it with rpm.right, I have now discovered YaST and installed wine. I will probably be back later ASKING how to use it.Well done!Just as I thought I'm back!

How do I configure Wine?
Can I open wine without a target i.e. for configuring?
I have no idea how to open wine without opening a .exe file at the same time.In most installations, Wine installs a configuration link in your KDE/Gnome menu. But I never use Wine, so that's about as much as I can say on the subject. There are probably some COMMAND line options, but you may need to read the manual...No problem found it.
1003.

Solve : Fixing Linux script file in gedit?

Answer»

Hello,

If I create a script file, then try to edit the script using the gedit command, the file is a bunch of NONSENSE! Is there a WAY to delete the weird characters, or perhaps a CODE that would delete those characters and output into a new file? Thanks.

I'm using the BASH shell in Fedora.

Thank you!

1004.

Solve : Wipe out hiiden malware non HDD with Linux?

Answer»

Last year an data specialist publicly reported that malware can reside in the hidden service area of a hard disk drive.
Now Linux users have a new tool. A program that gets into the deep dark secrects of any hard drive and really wipes it clean.
Here is the link:
http://superuser.com/questions/642637/harddrive-wipe-out-hidden-areas-like-hpa-and-dco-also-after-malware-infectio
Quote

Malware in windows (yes), possibly rootkit/bootkit. Don't want to take any chances. So, wiped drive with DBAN foolishly (PRNG, 8 pass). Later came to know that DBAN does not kill HPA (host protected area) and DCO (Drive configuration overlay) which are "hidden areas" (if present) in a hard drive. Saw that HDDErase made by CMRR can remove DCO and HPA, if present. ...
Myself, I just don't have the time and every to try this.
So my question is has anybody done this?
Does it really work?


Quote from: Geek-9pm on October 21, 2014, 12:19:57 PM
Last year an data specialist publicly reported that malware can reside in the hidden service area of a hard disk drive.
Yes. Anything can. it requires that the software issue a SET MAX ADDRESS ATA command followed by read/write operations within that area. Fundamentally the IDENTIFY DEVICE retrieves the max address but for drives with an HPA that max address excludes it. I do wonder how you figured the poster was a "data specialist". I found that at odds with their statement of "Me - Average computer user with little bash skill, i.e I don't really know what I am doing."





The HPA was used with those old Disk Overlay programs/drivers. you'd set a Jumper on the drive to make it report 4096 cylinders to prevent an older BIOS from hanging at boot up, then the Driver overlay/boot program installed by the overlay would use the SET MAX ADDRESS after bootup to reset the ATA size register so the system could use the full size of the drive.


However it isn't particularly useful from the standpoint of writing malicious software. That is, while it can be used to store data that survives a format/install, that "surviving data" is not somehow executable. That is, if you- as in the case of the linked post- run DBAN on the drive, it won't clear the HPA. However, that data in the HPA is now basically orphaned because you won't have software on the system that is accessing it.

That is, a Rootkit cannot hide exclusively within the HPA, and would need something to execute to "activate" and use the contents. Don't want to start a fight with you BC.
Still, there is a way of malware using the 'hidden' area to do bad things. It is not a one-stick process. People who write malware must have evil minds. They will do something that others think is impossible. The malware makers gatherer a set of tools and write a symphony of deception and destruction.
But I will decline to explain how it is done because:
A) Showing the proof-of-concept will just encourage more to do it.
and..
B ) Actually writing such code and turning it loose just to prove a point would make me a criminal.

My intent was to warn others that such things are real threats. To date the equipment makers have not made computer technology as secure as it should be.
Quote from: Geek-9pm on October 21, 2014, 04:41:06 PM
They will do something that others think is impossible.

Alright, let's hear of one example of something that malicious software authors did that was generally thought to be literally impossible?Sure. Off the top of my head with no further research. This one is about network servers, not windows desktops. But it did cause trouble for a large number of users.

It had been documented that there was a soft spot in the way servers did the DNS lockup. For a very sort period of time a hostile program could fool the server into using the wrong address during a DNS lockup. Many administrators just ignored it because it sounded so absurd that anybody would attempt to trick the server in the very SHORT period of time. They thought it was near impossible. So the took no action. Later on a lot of harm was done.

Quote from: Geek-9pm on October 21, 2014, 06:56:51 PM
Sure. Off the top of my head with no further research. This one is about network servers, not windows desktops. But it did cause trouble for a large number of users.

It had been documented that there was a soft spot in the way servers did the DNS lockup. For a very sort period of time a hostile program could fool the server into using the wrong address during a DNS lockup. Many administrators just ignored it because it sounded so absurd that anybody would attempt to trick the server in the very short period of time. They thought it was near impossible. So the took no action. Later on a lot of harm was done.

At no point was that considered impossible. In fact it was brought up as a issue with the DNS heirarchy while it was in it's infancy. administrators being ignorant is not evidence of hackers doing the impossible.So are you saying that if you think it is impossible, it is really n impossible?

We all know about Trojan houses. But before that, many could not believe what happened. But it did happen.

And worms. Before worm ware came on the stage, it was unthinkable that a small program could do so much damage. Impossible? No, but nit was incomprehensible.
And when people do do understand a threat , they imagine it is impossible.

What about the printer that sent military documents to the Russians? Did the the military people who used the printer think it was impossible?

Quote from: Geek-9pm on October 21, 2014, 08:27:32 PM
So are you saying that if you think it is impossible, it is really n impossible?
The HPA is only used if software is written that uses it. If software does not issue the ATA command specifically for the purpose of making the HPA Readable, and if software does not copy from the HPA area and execute it, than malware cannot "hide" in the HPA without a piece of malicious code that is designed for those two functions.

What I am saying is that it is impossible for a piece of malware to hide exclusively within the HPA without malware being installed outside of the HPA designed to use it:

Premise 1: In order to access the HPA, the ATA Command to set the max Address is required. If this command is not issued, than the HPA will not be accessible for reading nor for writing.
Premise 2: You cannot execute code, malicious or otherwise, that is not accessible. If you cannot read from an area of a disk, you cannot copy that data into memory to either execute or use it.
Premise 3: No current, relevant Operating Systems include code that issues ATA command and make the HPA readable, nor do they then read from the HPA and execute code therein.
Therefore: any Malicious code resident in the HPA is going to require malicious code outside the HPA that is designed to access it.

For illustrative PURPOSES, let us assume that a Hard Disk Drive has malicious code present in the HPA.

If we wipe that drive with DBAN, the malicious code will remain.

However, if you install an OS on the drive, that HPA is not accessed. It is outside the addressable area of the Disk and any ATA command issued against the Drive controller is going to fail the request because the appropriate command to set the max address beyond that specified in the ATA Identify command was not provided. That malicious code will continue to exist but it's existence is not of particular consequence because it cannot execute.

Any claim made that malware can reside exclusively in the HPA; for example, if you can wipe the drive and then get reinfected from the HPA- is false because there is no factual or logical basis upon which to make that claim. It is as reasonable as claiming that a PC can get infected from a floppy disk sitting on a desk across the room, because that data would be just as accessible.

Whether it might be a tool used by Malware is not a question. It already is, just as it was also the case that registry entries were hidden from registry editor by including null characters.

But Floppy disk viruses were able to exist because computers purposefully looked for and executed code on floppy disks at boot time. Systems do not look for an execute code in a hard drives HPA. So it is not an infection vector, instead it can be a location where infections store a payload.
Quote from: Geek-9pm on October 21, 2014, 08:27:32 PM
We all know about Trojan houses. But before that, many could not believe what happened. But it did happen.
The possibility of misdirection in the purpose of a program was partly covered in Von Nuemann's published work on the subject; though it arguably was not covered in depth, it existed long before the commonplace appearance of Trojan horse malware. The first "Wild" Trojans appeared in 1978. Before that nobody can be quoted as having said that misdirection of software was impossible. In fact, many professionals and academics in the field can be quoted as saying precisely the opposite.

Quote
And worms. Before worm ware came on the stage, it was unthinkable that a small program could do so much damage. Impossible? No, but nit was incomprehensible.
And when people do do understand a threat , they imagine it is impossible.

Worms existed before the Morris Worm; the Morris worm was the first known worm to spread in the wild, but researchers had created numerous experimental pieces of software which would classify as worms. Additionally, if everybody thought it was impossible it is odd that it is explicitly mentioned in the United States Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 from two years previous to Morris's worm.

Quote
What about the printer that sent military documents to the Russians? Did the the military people who used the printer think it was impossible?
I can't find any information substantiating the claim that this event ever occured.Quote
I can't find any information substantiating the claim that this event ever occured.
That is what the men told me when they came to my place.

http://search.slashdot.org/story/14/10/19/0655240/bbc-takes-a-stand-for-the-publics-right-to-remember-redacted-links

1005.

Solve : School Project in OS's?

Answer» HI!!, God Bless to all. I have a project on our subject about Operating System. Where I can download a UNIX OS.. can you give me a site that possibleto download a free WARE web sit?

PLS. give me a site.. THANK uand God Bless..go to www.debian.org or www.suse.com. You will have to scroll around to find the ISO download sites. Takes a bit of patience,too. Jigdo files are a pain to download,then copy and burn ISO files to CD. Good luck.
1006.

Solve : Downloading Ubuntu Linux Failiure?

Answer»

I am currently downloading Ubuntu Linux 11.1 for a computer that used to run windows. I have the download method of using the cd, mostly because the operating system on that computer does not work. secondly, because i am unable to connect to the internet from the computer at the moment, also due to lack of operating system. I run the boot from cd, and it does display something i am familiar with Ubuntu, but goes no further, after the single image, and goes to a blinking line in the upper-left corner of the screen.

The image is best described as two icons at the bottom center of the screen, one displaying an icon similar to a human, and the other icon, i am unable to describe past that it looks like a building. What should i do at this point?

Thanks for readingWhat is the make and model of the computer (I attempted to install a few Linux distros on my old Compaq Evo n400c and some of them would hang halfway through the boot process. I went into Command Line mode and attempted to start XVesa and discovered that there were no drivers for my ATi Mobility M1 included.)
Do you mean this screen:
Yes, just that it never loaded the logo itself
Quote from: zeroburn on January 17, 2012, 11:58:30 PM

The image is best described as two icons at the bottom center of the screen, one displaying an icon similar to a human, and the other icon, i am unable to describe past that it looks like a building. What should i do at this point?

At that point, when you see the two icons at the bottom of the screen, press any key to open the advanced boot options. Press F4 for modes. Choose safe graphics mode. I am downloading it on what i believe to be an older machine. Was able to load vista perfectly fine until the software crashed. I would also like to wipe the drives, and i would like to try to do so before the linux is downloaded. How would i go upon doing that?Also, i wish to put several of my other computers under ubuntu linux, but the NEWER versions dont seem to work. I tried installing on a old toshiba satelite laptop (old enough to have built in floppy drive) it told me there was an error, as i was trying to download a x386 when i am in need of a x686 kernel for my procesor. Where would i find a version compatible with my device? also have a dell insperon, about same age, i wish to download ubuntu to.

The rest of the computers i am hoping to load into a Beowulf Cluster, so any tips on that as well?You need the x86 version of Ubuntu for older computers. Not the x64.Quote from: zeroburn on January 18, 2012, 02:01:36 PM
I am downloading it on what i believe to be an older machine. Was able to load vista perfectly fine until the software crashed. I would also like to wipe the drives, and i would like to try to do so before the linux is downloaded. How would i go upon doing that?

No luck with safe graphics mode?

I assume when you say downloading you mean installing. Downloading and installing are two different things. Downloading Ubuntu would refer to retrieving the iso file from the internet. Installing would be putting the software on a computer after you've burned your CD. Do you mean installing?

Ubuntu may not be the best choice for an "older machine". You may want to try a lightweight version of Ubuntu that has lower system requirements. It would run a lot better on an older machine. Try Lubuntu. Get it here:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/GetLubuntu

Quote from: zeroburn on January 18, 2012, 02:13:43 PM
Also, i wish to put several of my other computers under ubuntu linux, but the newer versions dont seem to work. I tried installing on a old toshiba satelite laptop (old enough to have built in floppy drive) it told me there was an error, as i was trying to download a x386 when i am in need of a x686 kernel for my procesor. Where would i find a version compatible with my device? also have a dell insperon, about same age, i wish to download ubuntu to.

I think you may be getting confused on this one. Your processor runs the x86 instruction set. The i386 version of Ubuntu should install. On the copy of Ubuntu Linux i got, it does not provide a "Graphic Safe Mode" it is version 11.10, newest version from the download website.
I tried Lubuntu on some of the older machines, it works on one, and another laptop has a faulty CD Drive. aditional information:

manufacured : Gateway
Product name: t5002

Board info
manufacured : intel
product name : d102ggc2

there is still no operating system, and there is about 800 gigs of hard disk space. I have the computer set up with minimal hardware. I have a few 400 gig drives i am setting aside, and i am downloading Linux to a working 20 gig drive for now. I start up the computer with the isolinux server disk i burned, it loads up the menu of language selection. I press enter for English, then i click instal Ubuntu server. it seems to freeze up for a while, the CD drive says it is in use during that time, but then the screen just goes blank, but not off, and there is no more activity on the CD drive. Am i getting impatient and paranoid, and it is still working properly, or is there more i should be paying attention to.

specs for the computer are above
also has 2 1 gig sticks of RAM, and i changed out the drives, thinking the two 400's were faulty.

Processor is a Intel Pentium 4 @ 3.0 GHz
Is there something wrong with my install disk, maybe, or is it the system?Why do you keep calling it downloading? Are you trying to do a networked installation? If not, then it's either copying or transferring .. Using the wrong terminology makes for a CONFUSING read.

Have you tried waiting for the white screen to disappear? And why are you installing the server version? I am trying to install the server version due to the reason that i am trying to use this computer in particular as the head node in a beowulf cluster. And i have tried waiting, for hours at a time, but it never did go any further than the blank screen. Have you tried this; http://thedaneshproject.com/posts/ubuntu-11-04-blank-screen-on-boot-solved/I have tried doing the ubuntu custom boot options, however, none of them have been proven to work on my system, although i will give them another try when i get back to my homeTry the text-based installer. I believe i had tried the text-based installer at one point, however, where are the other sources for that file?http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/alternative-downloadQuote from: zeroburn on January 19, 2012, 08:48:11 AM
On the copy of Ubuntu Linux i got, it does not provide a "Graphic Safe Mode" it is version 11.10, newest version from the download website.

I'm sorry for giving you the wrong info. I've had next to no experience with Ubuntu 11. The safe graphics mode was an option on previous versions, so I assumed it would be available on 11. I just booted an 11.10 live CD and the option wasn't there.

What you want to do at the boot options screen is press F6 for other options. Choose nomodeset. See here:



When you finish the Ubuntu installation you will be asked to reboot. If you get the black screen again after booting into your new installation, do this:

Reboot the computer and hold down the Shift key as the computer is starting to bring up the GRUB menu. The top line of the menu should be your new install. With that line highlighted press e to edit the entry. Use the arrow keys to move down to the next to last line. Change the text after quiet splash to nomodeset as I've DONE in the screenshot here:



then press CTRL-X to boot into Ubuntu

If you had to do that second step, you will want to set this as a permanent boot option to avoid having to change it at every reboot. To do that:

Open terminal. Type gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub and press enter. This will open a text editor and you should see this on the screen:



Move down to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Change "quiet splash" to "quiet splash nomodeset".

Click File > SAVE, then exit the text editor.

Back in terminal type sudo update-grub and press enter.

That should do it. Good luck.



Quote from: zeroburn on January 19, 2012, 08:48:11 AM
I tried Lubuntu on some of the older machines, it works on one, and another laptop has a faulty CD Drive.

If that laptop's BIOS supports booting to USB, you can install from a flash drive. You can use a program like Unetbootin to put the ISO on a flash drive. See here:

http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/

Since you've already got the Lubuntu ISO, you will want to follow the instructions here:

http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/#otherQuote
Choose nomodeset. See here:

That was in the link I gave him ... I have tried booting to nomodeset several times now, ant it still leaves me to the same result. This is now starting to confuse me beyond confusion on why in the world of computers it will not work at all. It is not an old system at all, The only thing old about it is the monitor i am using. Howeverm the monitor still should work fine, and i have tested with other monitors.

Quote from: Raptor on January 25, 2012, 03:38:28 AM
That was in the link I gave him ...

Ah, so it was! I should have clicked that before replying...

Quote from: zeroburn on January 24, 2012, 12:36:08 PM
I believe i had tried the text-based installer at one point, however, where are the other sources for that file?

No luck with that?
I have had no luck with anything thus far. I have erased the disk to make sure i have capacity even though it probably did not cause a problem in the first place.

Everything i have tried has led to the black screen with the blinking underscore.
Have you tried booting from a USB stick? Or alternatively, from a CD .. Maybe the copying process was corrupted.Will try this afternoon. thanks.
1007.

Solve : linux file sharing?

Answer»
I have a Linux server and windows clients…I have a file on Linux that i would like to SHARE EQUALLY to all the of the clients. Now my QUESTION is one computer using windows OS can read and write to the file on Linux but the other computers on the SAME NETWORK can only read the file but not write. could U please help.
try "chmod"
1008.

Solve : need help with wi-fi on Linux Mint Cinnamon?

Answer»

I don't recall ATM the exact version In have installed but I know it is the 32 bit version. I REALLY don't know how to use this as I'm used to Windows. I set up wi-fi connection and it runs just fine but then lately there is another connection in my neighborhood which is not locked and my computer keeps trying to connect to that by default now every time I re-start it. I don't want that and don't want to have to keep checking that it didn't drop my connection and connect to the other ONE. Can I just delete all the other available connection from the list except for my own?

I tried looking this up on Google but I guess I can't figure a GOOD way to word it because I couldn't find any answer that was relevant for Linux that helped me. Thanks

I think it is Linux Mint 16 Petra but can't know for sure as it doesn't seem to tell you, like Windows does, which version you are running

1009.

Solve : "make install" help?

Answer»

Im new to linux and learning how to install things my question is where do things get installed to using MAKE install, and can i delete the folder that originaly contained the source....

example... I download example.tg and extract it to /home/user/example. I run ./configure, make, and make install... does this install it to /home/user/example. if not can I delete /home/user/example


also is it possible to uninstall

thanx n adv.WillyW pm'd me this so I decided to post it...

Quote

Hello,

You said you're new.... but you're WAY ahead of me. Smiley
Right now, I don't have a spare machine to use for linux, but hopefully will someday. So... I read. And play with Live CDs.

Just this morning I was reading SOMETHING online, that is closely related - I think - to what you are asking in this thread:

Quote:

"make install" help
Today at 2:35pm Quote
Im new to linux and learning how to install things my question is where do things get installed to using make install, and can i delete the folder that originaly contained the source....

example... I download example.tg and extract it to /home/user/example. I run ./configure, make, and make install... does this install it to /home/user/example. if not can I delete /home/user/example




I don't think it DIRECTLY answers your question, but I have the FEELING that you might like to follow along.
It is a thread on a linux forum.

So... I figured I'd share the url with you, and let you decide if it is worthwhile to you. Smiley

http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/showthread.php?t=71766


For all I know, that forum is new territory to you too.


I hope it helps.

Thanx again Willy...You'd have to read the particular INSTALL and README files for the package in question, but usually you can delete the source folders entirely, becuase the "make install" tends to put things elsewhere in your filesystem. This does not apply to all packages however - packages that install web components being one exception.
1010.

Solve : Vyatta Newbie?

Answer»

I have a small dilemma.

I have Vyatta 6.1 and I have NO IDEA how to use it.

I have to use it to COMPLETE an assessment so it's vital that i use it.

I am running on VirtualBox 4.1.0

I have got:

Ser 1: ACTIVE Directory 1
Ser2: Active Directory 2
(Ser 1 and 2 replicate)
Ser 3: Radius 1
Ser 4: Radius 2
Ser 5: IIS (Web Server)
(All servers are Windows Server 2008 R1 x84)
Vyatta
Windows 7 WS (Windows 7 x64)

These are all VIRTUAL Machines

What I need is VPN from WS1 to DMZ Radius Server 1 or 2
Then from Radius server 1 or 2 authenticate against the Active Directory. But not authenticate on the AD server itself, (Confusing i know).
Is there any way to replicate Radius server 1 and 2?
DNS is installed on AD1 and AD2


The image that is attached is a very rough copy of what i need.

I need to configure Vyatta to allow traffic from the Radius servers to the AD servers to authenticate
i need to also configure the ports that are open on Vyatta.

Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Thanks

..::Merlyn::..





[regaining space - attachment deleted by admin]BUMPIP addresses are as follows:

Active Directory 1: 192.168.1.1
Active Directory 2: 192.168.1.2
Radius 1: 192.168.2.1
Radius 2: 192.168.2.2
IIS: 192.168.2.8
Vyatta (Eth0) - 192.168.1.5/24
(Eth1) - 192.168.2.5/24
Windows 7: 192.168.1.11
Wow, Vyatta. I had a play with that a couple of years ago. Very impressive. Cisco-like command line interface.

If I recall correctly, the beta I used didn't yet have the web interface ready. If I were you, I would look to get the web interface up and running, ASSUMING it's available in 6.1. What previews I saw of the web interface, it looked much more intuitive (if you're familiar with application firewall admin) than the command line.

Just curious: why have you been put in the position of having to use a tool you've not been trained to use?

1011.

Solve : sage does not compile?

Answer»

Code: [Select][[emailprotected] ~]$ cd sorces/sage-4.6
[[emailprotected] sage-4.6]$ make
cd spkg && ./INSTALL all 2>&1 | tee -a ../install.log
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/Adamas/sorces/sage-4.6/spkg'
/home/Adamas/sorces/sage-4.6/spkg/pipestatus "base/dir-0.1-install 2>&1" "tee -a /home/Adamas/sorces/sage-4.6/spkg/logs/dir-0.1.log"
../data/
../local/
../local/etc
../local/lib
../local/bin
../local/include
../tmp/
/home/Adamas/sorces/sage-4.6/spkg/build
installed/
/home/Adamas/sorces/sage-4.6/spkg/pipestatus "base/prereq-0.7-install 2>&1" "tee -a /home/Adamas/sorces/sage-4.6/spkg/logs/prereq-0.7.log"
Starting prerequisite check.
Machine: LINUX NARA 2.6.34.7-61.fc13.i686 #1 SMP Tue Oct 19 04:42:47 UTC 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
prereq-0.7/
prereq-0.7/autom4te.cache/
prereq-0.7/autom4te.cache/requests
prereq-0.7/autom4te.cache/output.0
prereq-0.7/autom4te.cache/traces.1
prereq-0.7/autom4te.cache/traces.2
prereq-0.7/autom4te.cache/output.1
prereq-0.7/autom4te.cache/traces.0
prereq-0.7/autom4te.cache/output.2
prereq-0.7/config.h.in
prereq-0.7/configure.ac
prereq-0.7/m4/
prereq-0.7/m4/ax_gcc_option.m4
prereq-0.7/m4/ax_gxx_option.m4
prereq-0.7/m4/ax_c_check_flag.m4
prereq-0.7/m4/ax_gcc_version.m4
prereq-0.7/m4/ax_gxx_version.m4
prereq-0.7/m4/ax_with_perl.4
prereq-0.7/m4/ax_prog_perl_version.m4
prereq-0.7/depcomp
prereq-0.7/missing
prereq-0.7/aclocal.m4
prereq-0.7/install-sh
prereq-0.7/configure
prereq-0.7/Makefile.in
prereq-0.7/config.sub
prereq-0.7/config.guess
prereq-0.7/Makefile.am
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking for gcc... no
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
configure: error: in `/home/Adamas/sorces/sage-4.6/spkg/build/prereq-0.7':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See `config.log' for more details.
ERROR: You do not have all of the prerequisites needed
to build Sage from source. See the errors above.
make[1]: *** [installed/prereq-0.7] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/Adamas/sorces/sage-4.6/spkg'

real 0m1.335s
user 0m0.109s
sys 0m0.093s
Error building Sage.
./sage -docbuild all html 2>&1 | tee -a dochtml.log
**************************************************************************
You MUST compile Sage FIRST using 'make' in the Sage root directory.
(If you have already compiled Sage, you must set the SAGE_ROOT variable in
the file './sage').
**************************************************************************
[[emailprotected] sage-4.6]$

i dont know how to install the prerequisites.
http://www.sagemath.org/

1012.

Solve : dual boot does not work (likely in the wrong topic)?

Answer»

i have tried to set up ubuntu and dam small Linux on two usb's i know the DSL one works but not on my Windows/ubuntu COMPUTER so i changed the boot order in bios from CD,hdd,usb,network to CD,usb,hdd,network and got the ubuntu usb to boot i then made a new account on my usb then shutdown the computer .i then but the DSL usb in and tryed that but it just got to the NEC SCREEN and froze i restarted the computer without the usb's in it and it did that again i then but the ubuntu usb in and it made no difference. i even tried the life Cd's for ubuntu.i tired pressing F2 but it would not respond and when a TRY pressing nuymlock scroll-lock and capslock the lights on the keyboard dont turn on so i think the key BORD is not getting picked up as well.

1013.

Solve : dirver will not work?

Answer»

it works for a BIT then fails and so i don't get desktop effects from compiz . how do i get it to work with NVIDA Ge-force 8600 GT (i think that is the type of driver it is) and my video will not work ether it plays the audio but not the video (which is a black SCREEN where it should be).(the video is working while i am typing this so it may not be RELATED to my driver failing).Try installing the proprietary Nvidia driver for you card from the Nvidia website: http://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx?lang=en-us

It will work better than the default Nvidia driver.what do i do with it now it is called "NVIDIA-Linux-x86-195.36.24-pkg1.run"1. copy the file to your home folder
2. right click the the file and choose properties. once the properties window opens up go to the Permissions tab. and check the box that says "Allow EXECUTING file as program".
3. open terminal
4. use the command Code: [Select]sudo su5. then use the command Code: [Select]./NVIDIA-Linux-x86-195.36.24-pkg1.run
This should install the driver. I am assuming that you are running Ubuntu since you did not mention which distro.
ERROR: You appear to be running an X server; please exit X before
installing. For further details, please SEE the section INSTALLING
THE NVIDIA DRIVER in the README available on the Linux driver
download page at www.nvidia.com.


ERROR: Installation has failed. Please see the file
'/var/log/nvidia-installer.log' for details. You may find
suggestions on fixing installation problems in the README available
on the Linux driver download page at www.nvidia.com.

1014.

Solve : Do not Put Linux on a New Laptop?

Answer»

Right. Do even try it. Until you first ask around. It has been widely reported new laptops with Windows 8 with not let you install any other OS. Really.
Earlier I posted a Linux compatibility list. You might want to Google for an update to the list before you even think about installing Linus on your new laptop.

What is the problem? The new laptops have secure boot features that prevent the install of another OS. This will cut down on laptop theft. In fact, a laptop robber can not even install an older version of Windows. Once the disc has been wiped clean, no OS can be installed.

Don't believe me. Don't. I am not the one saying it. Check it out. Go to your favorite Linux forum and ask:
Can I do a dual boot with Linux and Windows 8.1 on anew Dell laptop?
You may be surprised by the answers n you get.
Or just do a Google on it:
'Can I do reinstall Windows 8 on my laptop?''

It has been documented!

EDIT: This link on Life Hacker is out of date.
http://lifehacker.com/can-i-reinstall-windows-on-my-computer-without-the-bloa-1512345361
You should be able to install other OSes if you disable secure boot in the BIOS.Quote from: strollin on June 09, 2014, 11:22:18 AM

You should be able to install other OSes if you disable secure boot in the BIOS.
The above statement has been given often. Sometimes sit is not applicable. Users report they can not turn off on some machines, Son this is an issue one has to research first.

Logically, if a feature is to prevent theft or malicious use, it would not be easy to defeat. Example, imagine a Chastity belt with an emergency release.

Stop with this already! You are completely misguided! All you are doing is posting these scare story threads, being completely proven wrong and then creating a new one. Go and cite actual evidence that backs up what you are saying!

  • Your Linux compatibility list was ancient and barely included any modern hardware
  • You have no idea what secureboot is. It is not theft prevention and is not for stopping thieves installing a new OS after it has been wiped. Secureboot is part of the UEFI standard that is built to prevent malicious code executing before the proper OS. It takes two seconds to disable this! There is absolutely nothing stopping you installing a new OS on the machine if it has been wiped!
Please, stop creating these threads - Clear your mind and actually read what Secureboot actually does. What is the most modern piece of hardware you have actually used? Have you ever tried reinstalling the OS (be it Windows or Linux) on a machine that shipped with Secureboot?

If what you are saying is true, I guess I must have some sort of magical powers - Look! A brand new laptop that shipped with Windows 8 running Linux!

This is my laptop - It is a Lenovo ThinkPad T440s made in November 2013 and shipped with Windows 8. It has a UEFI and came with Secureboot enabled by default. The first thing I did when I got it was put in an empty SSD and install Fedora 20 Linux (which from the photo you can see it is running) - All this required was disabling secureboot. I have also clean installed Windows 8.1 on this system on a couple of occasions with no problems whatsoever. Explain that then!

Quote from: Geek-9pm on June 09, 2014, 11:36:39 AM
Logically, if a feature is to prevent theft or malicious use
It is not theft prevention!To quote myself:
Quote
Right. Do even try it. Until you first ask around. It has been widely reported
The idea is to get people t o read first. No I did not say it will always fail. I want all users to pay attention. It is not the way it used to be. It has been widely posted elsewhere. You have to follow the new in instructions. Unless you like to gamble.
Here is a quote.
Quote
...
The following is a small guide to install Ubuntu with a Pre-Installed Windows 8 system. The steps HAVE TO BE done in the precise order I mention them here to get everything started. If a step is skipped or done before another, you will most likely end up with some of the problems mentioned at the bottom of this guide.
.......
http://askubuntu.com/questions/221835/installing-ubuntu-on-a-pre-installed-windows-8-64-bit-system-uefi-supported
That kind of warning is out there. It is there for a reason. Only specific versions of Ubuntu can be used. There are exceptions, which are exceptions.

EDIT: Only of many forums about Laptop and Linux issues.
http://community.linuxmint.com/idea/view/1796
But it is two years old. So you have to look for stuff more up to date.
So here is one that is recent:
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7684775
But you have to read ti carefully.
Quote
Most lenovo ThinkPads are certified to work with Ubuntu.
Noticed he said most. Most is not all. It is just most.
Quote from: Geek-9pm on June 09, 2014, 12:22:24 PM
To quote myself:The idea is to get people t o read first. No I did not say it will always fail.
This is DISINGENUOUS backpedaling at best.

The existence of UEFI and Secure Boot on a laptop Does not, under Any circumstances (Save some special cases) prevent the user from installing ANY desired operating system they want on the laptop. The special cases are RT devices (which do not allow Secure Boot to be turned off, though for those devices doing so would be the equivalent of Jailbreaking or Rooting in terms of iOS or Android which are the competing Operating Systems in that DOMAIN), and Windows 8 itself being reinstalled on a wiped system (as we've seen in another thread). In which case one needs to setup UEFI properly and include the factory information which includes the product key- which for Preinstallation Kits would be an OEM key that will not work for Retail discs- Retail Discs being the most common and the one most people will borrow/use to try to "clean install" Windows 8 on their new Windows 8 Laptop, expecting it to work- but it doesn't since WIndows versions since XP have had distinctly licensed OEM and retail versions (None of the retail keys I can get via MSDN, for example, work on my OEM disc, and the key for my OEM disc does not work with the XP Installation media from MSDN).


Quote
It is not the way it used to be. It has been widely posted elsewhere. You have to follow the new in instructions. Unless you like to gamble.
The "new" instructions are exactly as strollin stated. The only extra step is disabling Secure Boot.

-UEFI does not pose a problem. All major Linux distributions now support UEFI with new releases of software such as GRUB and even LILO which support UEFI. Secure Boot is the only concern because it requires signed boot binaries which (as far as I'm aware) are not available from Linux since it is decentralized somewhat; even so, the UEFI boot system works fine with unsigned Boot executables on the UEFI partition if Secure Boot is disabled- this the requirement to do so.



Quote
Here is a quote.That kind of warning is out there. It is there for a reason. Only specific versions of Ubuntu can be used. There are exceptions, which are exceptions.
Quote
Most lenovo ThinkPads are certified to work with Ubuntu.
"Certified" has a completely different meaning. It does not mean that an uncertified system cannot run Linux. Not even close. It just means that running Linux on such a system means that Lenovo will not provide support. There is quite a difference.

Excepting systems that are tablet/RT systems, every single Windows 8 Thinkpad can run Linux and there are NO exceptions to this rule.

Do I have every single Thinkpad to prove and test that? No. I also don't have every single copy of MS-DOS 6 to prove that absolutely no copy of MS-DOS 6 has a "scarymonkey.bmp" bitmap on the third disk in the set. But the fact is that unless these systems are widely divergent from the other systems where it does work- and by "widely divergent" I mean in complete violation of the UEFI specification, you can install Linux on it if you so desire.

Installing Linux on a modern PC is exactly the same as it used to be with the exception of disabling secureboot (That one single option in the BIOS). There is no other reason you cannot install a modern Linux distro on a new PC - If anything it is easier as Linux is getting much better at hardware support. Absolute worst case you need to install a really old distro that freaks at the UEFI, then just switch it back to legacy mode (again, a simple BIOS option).

A PC being "certified" for an OS means nothing other than the manufacturer says it will definitely work - My laptop isn't listed on that list (Albeit the very similar T440 and T440p are) yet it works fine - And that isn't even with Ubuntu, I use Fedora as my preferred distro. And as far as Dell goes, several of my friends have new Dell laptops that came with Windows 8 and now run all different versions of Linux (Ubuntu, Mintand Arch last time I checked). Of course machines can have issues running Linux but this is no different to how it used to be where certain components may not have driver support - There is nothing done to them to explicitly block Linux. Do you really think that these companies would deliberately block people running Linux on their systems? If Lenovo did it, I wouldn't buy a Lenovo machine - They would not do this as all they do is chase away customers.

For the second time - Have you ever tried installing Linux on a system with secureboot? I'm pretty sure the answer to this is no and therefore you are basing this entirely on what you have misread online. It's interesting how these threads always pop up after someone creates a thread when they are having issues installing Windows/Linux on a new PC.

I find it amazing that you are creating all these threads freaking about Secureboot yet you don't even know what it is - I have never HEARD of it being mistaken as an anti-theft system, that's amazing!

Please, stop posting these scare story threads about something that you simply do not understand - It only serves to confuse users.I have been lurking on this forum for the past year or so and I finally registered after seeing this thread. I have been playing with linux for the past 6 months or so because I had a very little used eight year old laptop with Win XP. I experimented with linux lite, pinguy, puppy, ubunti, lubuntu, xubuntu and mint. Finally settled on linux mint for this laptop. Works great, I should have gotten into linux earlier.

Last December, I bought a refurbished Samsung laptop with Win 8 on it (QUAD core 4 GB Ram 500GB HD). I tried out Win 8, did the Classic Shell thing with it but downgraded to Win 7 on it after about two weeks. Win 8 was just not for me. One day I got to thinking about how mint would do. I installed mint and it ran even faster. I had to disable secure boot, but after that installation was a breeze.

I liked mint so much that I also installed it on a Win 7 Asus netbook that I have. Running mint 17 nowevildoc, thank you for joining CH and adding your input. Glad to hear the Linux works for you on both your old and new computers. Your comments add to the value of this thread.
BTW: Please share with us the model # of your refurbished Samsung laptop.Quote from: Geek-9pm on June 10, 2014, 09:41:08 AM
Your comments add to the value of this thread.
The thread had no value anyway. Why would sharing a model number help in any way, if you are trying to build a list of new laptops that will run Linux then here you go:
  • Lenovo ThinkPad T440s
  • evildoc's Samsung
  • Pretty much every laptop on the market today!

On the plus side, at least this time you didn't simply abandon the thread after others pointed out that you were talking nonsense but these threads have to stop! All they do is confuse and scare people as well as making you look bad.

You still haven't answered my question - What experience do you have with modern laptops with respect to Secureboot or running Linux on them?Quote
You still haven't answered my question - What experience do you have with modern laptops with respect to Secureboot or running Linux on them?
The question is not relevant.Quote from: Geek-9pm on June 10, 2014, 01:05:00 PM
The question is not relevant.

So the answer is "none" then? I'd say it is relevant - If you are trying to advise people on something like this you must have some sort of knowledge and experience about the topic. If I was advising people on how to repair intricate areas of Windows, it would be expected that I actually understood what I was helping with, something you clearly don't.


What you have done in this thread (like all the others) is read some articles and forum threads online, completely misinterpreted them, tried and fill in any blanks yourself then ended up posting complete nonsense that serves nothing but making you look bad and to confuse people.


Here are a few pointers to correct what was said above which I hope will both clarify the matter for both Geek-9pm and anyone else who stumbles upon this thread:

  • Secureboot is designed to prevent unauthorized OSs running on a system to protect them against certain types of infections.
  • Secureboot is not anti-theft protection
  • Secureboot is not a plot from Microsoft to stop people running Linux
  • It is possible to install any OS on a modern machine as long as the hardware support is the same (Suitable CPU, enough RAM, video card drivers.etc). In other words, having Secureboot makes no difference to how it was before when trying to install a different OS.
  • It takes a matter of seconds to disable Secureboot if you do find the OS you want to run doesn't yet support it.
  • If you wipe a machine or fit a new drive, there is nothing stopping you installing an OS on this.
I hope this clears it up for anyone who happens to read this.


Geek-9pm - PLEASE, read up on what Secureboot actually does rather than guessing. You have clearly seen a couple of mentions of it and incorrectly filled in the blanks yourself. And in the future it would be great if you only advised on things that you are actually sure of or have experience in - Posting incorrect or irrelevant 'advice' does nothing other than confuse members, we are all here for the same reason (to help people) therefore only post where it actually helps rather than posting something incorrect or confusing causing others to have to come along and correct it.Six out of seven things you list are false. You are the one needing to take remedial reading. I have no intention of making this into a contest.
May the readers do the research themselves. Which was the point wanted to make.
Do not put you trust in camerongray nor ion me. Do the research yourself.

In dependent research shows a large number of new Laptops will not boot Linux without major modification. That is by design. That is NOT speculation or conjecture. It has been documented elsewhere. These Laptops have Anti-Theft technology, which blocks any OS not registered from that machine. I have no way of knowing how many CH readers have one of these. The user has to consul with the system administrator if the laptop is part of a enterprise.

And no, I do not work for any of the companies that sell it. Nor did they ask me to post here to draw attention to the product. And it is no secret lto people who read.
Thais is enough!

Please tell me which of the things I posted were false, and why? (Also, I can only count 6 things in my list)

You are the one who clearly doesn't understand what Secureboot is when you thought it was anti-theft!

Quote
In dependent research shows a large number of new Laptops will not boot Linux without major modification.
Again, provide proof for this!

Sometimes I honestly wonder if you are trolling or you simply make stuff up then start believing your own nonsense. Can you not see how pretty much every thread you post now results in people getting either confused or annoyed, I mean, look at responses to your "news" posts.

Even the sources that you "cite" go against your argument - Both of the ones you linked in your 3rd post have loads of replies stating which modern laptops people have had good experiences installing Linux on, there is nothing there that backs up your claim that you can't run Linux on a modern system!

And there you go again, in yet another thread you are saying that Secureboot is anti-theft, it is not! Find me any evidence that states that that is the purpose, or even one of the purposes of Secureboot.Geek-9pm keeps using the word "research". Google search results are a complement to systemic research- they are not the single means to an end. If we took that approach than we could "research" how the Earth is flat or how there was no moon landing or any number of things. Search results are not systemic. systemic research of the sort needed to invalidate the claims being made would require innumerable references to people who wrote about the topic who are relatively well versed in it. Search results to forum posts of other people having similar issues is not "research" because there is no attempt to reach a conclusion, instead you are buttressing an invalid point with equally invalid references to forum posts with a complete disregard for any facts of the matter.

Quote
In dependent research shows a large number of new Laptops will not boot Linux without major modification.
Ignoring, again, your lack of any systemics in your 'research' (plugging in a search query is not research, research would be understanding the underlying technologies). For example the difference between searching for "Can hard drives be used as sawblades" may very well give you results where individuals are discussing it and some person declares it is possible. That is not a reliable source.

Compare this to the alternative of instead researching hard drives themselves and, once equipped with that information, coming to a conclusion about the feasibility of the platters being used as sawblades. The difference is pretty big; one is taking a random stranger with no citable verification, evidence, or even qualifications at their word on a piece of information. The other is instead working backwards from technical specifics to evaluate the feasibility of the posed scenario. The difference is night and day.

In this specific case, "independent research" is looking into the specifics of UEFI, Secure boot, and how they function. Verification with a system using these technologies helps. It is not using Google and finding forum posts like the one we have here were somebody is having trouble installing Windows. Because asserting that the cause must be specific to Windows 8 or boot-time changes is just that- an assertion.

The reason we often find ourselves at odds on this is because you do not seem to take a proper systemic approach for "research". The internet is not a reliable source of information and you need to gather your information from multiple sources- and independent verification is exceedingly helpful as well. For example " large number of new Laptops will not boot Linux without major modification." is an assertion. You provide no information- you don't even provide a link so we can point out that somebody named XxXLinux_Fo_LyfeXxX on a teenage hacking forum is probably not the best source for this sort of information. It is on purpose. You have no provided a single specific model number of laptop system that requires "major modification" because there are no examples of that phenomena.

Quote
That is by design. That is NOT speculation or conjecture.
What a convincing argument. "I'm not speculating at all, my independent systemic research process just looks very similar to unverified post-hoc conclusions created from a jumble of vague google searches.

Quote
It has been documented elsewhere. These Laptops have Anti-Theft technology, which blocks any OS not registered from that machine.
Anybody with even the slightest understanding of UEFI, Secure boot, and how they work can see right through this vague information and see that you have nothing. "There is information online" and "it has been documented elsewhere" and "this is not speculation" are weasel words. (Except the last one, that's just funny). It's 'documented' elsewhere. By whom? Can we INDEPENDENTLY verify their results? have others independently verified their results? do their assertions and claims make sense to people who have an understanding of UEFI and Secure boot and how they work?

For example:

Quote
These Laptops have Anti-Theft technology, which blocks any OS not registered from that machine.
First- what laptops? any specific model numbers? Again, you are being vague on purpose.
Second: What Anti-Theft technology? the only thing that fits the "blocks any OS not registered from that machine" would probably be secure boot, but that is only possible with such an atrophied and false understanding what secure boot is I wouldn't even be willing to consider that to be what you refer to. Secure Boot is a UEFI extension that requires the boot executables stored on the UEFI partition to be code-signed. general-purpose PCs will allow the addition and changing of authentication certificates within the BIOS setup, and also allow the feature to be disabled if desired. Only certain types of mobile devices are designed in such a way that Secure Boot cannot be shut off- but those systems exist in the same ecosystem as iOS and Android, where these limitations are pretty much a given. A "source" for this information would be any number of documents released by UEFI.org, such as this one which covers the use of Secure Boot to prevent rootkits and malware infections or other unauthorized changes to the boot executable on the UEFI partition, as well as the UEFI specifications Themselves.

If your "independent research" finds forum posts or information that imply systems work in a way that is not consistent with the operation specified in those documents, Then those systems are either not following the specification properly (Unlikely) or, the claim is wrong.


1015.

Solve : Zeitgeist and Ubuntu/Linux Mint?

Answer»

I've been using Ubuntu for the past few years and have been learning as I go. I didn't much care for the latest version of Ubuntu, so a couple of months ago I decided to switch. I had been interested in Linux Mint for a while, and since it was based on Ubuntu, thought that the transition would be easy.

I installed Linux Mint 11 on one of my computers in May and I liked it very well.

I had been considering installing a dock for my desktop for the past couple of days and decided to do it today. I opened the software manager, searched for "dock" and had a few to choose from. I had heard good things about the Cairo-Dock so I chose that one. I must say, it looks very nice.

As I was exploring the Cairo Dock, I noticed "Recent-Events". I took a look at the recent events and found that it was a list of everything that I had done on my computer in the last week. I immediately thought, how can this be? I just installed this program fifteen minutes ago. Where was it getting this list?

A quick Google search revealed that the list was coming from a program called Zeitgeist. I recalled reading about this program before and remember thinking it was not something that I would like to have on my computer. According to the Zeitgeist website, the program keeps a log of all of the user's activities and notifications with and from his data. Every time you open a file or visit a website, every time you open or send and email, every time you go on a chat ROOM it's keeping a log of everything you do.

The other day my nephew was over and I plugged his mp3 player into my computer so he could play some songs for me. I didn't save any of the files to the hard drive. I was just playing them. That was in the list of recent events too. Every song was listed, every file I accessed.

I knew that I didn't install this program. I opened Software Manager again, searched for "Zeitgeist", and sure enough it was installed.

I found that Zeitgeist is installed by default on the new versions of Ubuntu and Linux Mint. I know I might be coming off a wee bit paranoid here, but I'm wondering what's next. This whole thing is creeping me out. I almost feel like I've been spied on. I had no idea that this program was there and this whole time it's been keeping a log of everything I've done. I feel like SOMEONE could use this to find out things about me, like the fact that I have a bunch of pictures of random people with mullets saved on my hard drive. Someone that doesn't appreciate a good mullet collection would probably THINK I'm some kind of weirdo.

The information that this program records could prove very useful to a determined hacker. I have recommended Linux Mint to people who want to try Linux for the first time and I doubt all of them are keeping their systems secured.

I think the Ubuntu team should at least let users know about this, preferably during the install. Maybe have a dialog BOX that says "oh hey. were just gonna install this program that keeps track of everything you do on this computer k?" They should let you choose whether or not you want this program on your computer instead of just adding it without your knowledge.

I don't think Canonical is collecting any of my info from Zeitgeist. I'm not some conspiracy theorist nut. I know it's supposed to be "A new approach adapting the user experience to ones own needs" and it "provides Intelligence for other applications and services to enhance the user experience." whatever that means. It just seems creepy to me and I do not like it.

If you have the new version of Ubuntu or Linux Mint on your computer you have Zeitgeist. If you want to completely get rid of it open a terminal and do
Code: [Select]sudo apt-get purge zeitgeist-core libzeitgeist-1.0-1That will get rid of the program. The log will be in
~/.local/share/zeitgeist
if you want to delete it.

I think I'm going to give up on Canonical and try another Linux distro not based on Ubuntu. Suggestions?




zeitgeist is part of GNOME 3.0.


Quote

I think the Ubuntu team should at least let users know about this, preferably during the install. Maybe have a dialog box that says "oh hey. were just gonna install this program that keeps track of everything you do on this computer k?" They should let you choose whether or not you want this program on your computer instead of just adding it without your knowledge.
Again, it's part if GNOME 3, not Ubuntu or Mint. They might need to have it installed in order to use Gnome or something because of LICENSING or some other crap.

Do you think, for even a second, that Windows doesn't have similar information? SuperFetch on it's own probably stores at least as much.



i have lucid lynx. i ran the command and got this:

"Package zeitgeist-core is not installed, so not removed"

i appreciate the heads-up nonetheless. i don't want anyone keeping logs of my on-line activity.Thank you!
I was suspecting that this program was some kind of logger...
And now that the disgusting little tripe is dead I feel a little more comfortable
1016.

Solve : Linux Web Server?

Answer»

Good Evening,
My server information is attached.
I host 9 domains using cpanel, 7 of which are for email and web sites, 2 are solely being used for email.

I am trying to do two things.

The first is that I would like to have an IMAP calendar to access through Outlook in the same manner Exchange does. I have several customers asking for this and I know there must be a way.

The second is I am LOOKING for a remote access function for both new and existing users. I currently use Team Viewer, however I have seen small plugins that I believe are Linux based which allow a client and Technician to establish a session, possibly through a BROWSER, and allow the tech to repair the users PC remotely.

I am also interested in utilizing the server for money making opportunities, I am considering Domain reselling and going after basic hosting on a larger level. Advice?


I am relatively new to Linux, I have tis web server which I concoct to through ssh (putty), and a Debian server with a KDE front end which I am using for an offsite backup solution for several of my clients utilizing sftp.Quote

I am also interested in utilizing the server for money making opportunities, I am considering Domain reselling and going after basic hosting on a larger level. Advice?

The competition is huge. Everybody has web space for sale.

A more likely money making idea is to go to garage sales and resell other peoples junk om eBay. Really. There is a much broader market retelling all sorts of consumer stuff over the Internet.

But if you want to sell domains and web space, talk to Godaddy.com and they can fix you up. For a modest fee, of course. To be worth your time, you will have to service over 300 customers on your server. Unless you like to work for $1.50 per hour.

BTW: It costs less to rent a virtual server rather that buy your own hardware. The cost per month will be about the same as the electrical use of your own server. Go figure. You need quad-core machine with lots of RAM and huge disk space. And it has to be in a A/C room 24/4.

Here on this forum we do not help people with real commercial projects. So then, the above is about all I can tell you without getting into trouble. Cool and thanks, maybe I wasn't totally clear, I am leasing the server for 150.00/month. I host a public utility's WEBSITE and accept payments through it so it all had to be approved by the department of homeland security. They required a dedicated server. So since I have to eat 150.00/month I was just hoping to generate other income from it. It makes more than enough to pay for itself, but I'm always looking!

Any ideas for an IMAP calendar?

Thanks again.Sorry, I thought you were going from scratch.
Glad to hear you have a income cow.
You best opportunity is to work with the business community and the public service companies. Some government services are still slow about getting into the digital age. Anybody with some experience with web servers can find an opportunity.

For more about IMAP under Linux, I recommend you try the Ubuntu chat rooms. Here is a list:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/IRC/ChannelList
Unless you really know what you are doing I would advise against hosting anything for the public. Large web hosts are extremely cheap so it will not be easy to get business, and then you need to worry about the multitude of different security issues that arise from doing this. Unless you really know what you are doing and have the ability to manage the machine 24/7, you will have issues.

What do you mean about the remote access, for customers to be able to remotely access your server? This opens up even more security issues, not to mention that teamviewer is not the correct tool for the job, you should use SSH only and then if you need remote graphical access you should be looking into either X forwarding or something like RDP tunneled over SSH (and therefore not accessible over the internet without the SSH tunnel set up).

Quote from: tab01234 on June 02, 2015, 07:01:32 PM
They required a dedicated server.
So then why are you planning on putting other services on it for other users? That totally nulls the idea of it being dedicated.I have publically hosted websites for about 10 years. C-Panel actually has an excellent means to sell reseller packages, I haven't tried it out yet though.

I am sorry I guess I misspoke about remote access, but I did figure it out. This is what I was looking for:
http://www.gidsoftware.com/remotehelpdesk.htm

Thanks for your help, still looking for more information about IMAP calendars, anyone with personal experience can sure give me a holler (KY boy coming out in me!)I think you may have mixed up acronyms.

"IMAP Calendar" isn't a thing- IMAP is for E-mail- Internet Mail Access Protocol. It knows nothing of Calendar stuff (which is probably for the best)

MAPI, however does- MAPI is part of the Microsoft Exchange Protocol. Allegedly it is supported by the Mail Servers in Exchange, Axigen Mail Server, Kerio Connect, Scalix, Zimbra, HP OpenMail, IBM Lotus Notes, Zarafa, and Bynari, according to the MAPI Wikipedia article. (Exchange being pretty obvious, the others- I don't know. And I doubt any of those are free)

You're right obviously BC_P, I meant MAPI, at one point I went around calling ICMP SNMP....acronyms...
Quote
I am leasing the server for 150.00/month. I host a public utility's website and accept payments through it so it all had to be approved by the department of homeland security. They required a dedicated server. So since I have to eat 150.00/month I was just hoping to generate other income from it. It makes more than enough to pay for itself, but I'm always looking!

I would highly advise against SELLING off other slices of processing power from this server. There is a thing called PCI Compliance!!! This is to protect customers sensitive information. An online server that accepts payments if it is not already PCI Compliant should be, as for you are personally liable if there is theft of credit card and customer information.

More info here: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/


Quote
I am relatively new to Linux, I have tis web server which I concoct to through ssh (putty), and a Debian server with a KDE front end which I am using for an offsite backup solution for several of my clients utilizing sftp.

Giving anyone the ability to go in remotely, opens up the ability for them to gain access to other portions of your server and since you already stated that its all new to you, your very likely to get hacked due to a vulnerability and sued.



Thanks Dave and of course you are correct. Perhaps I misspoke when I stated I was new to Linux, I am new to Debian and CentOS. I ran a RedHat 9 server for several years, and before 9 I worked with the previous versions of RedHat. HOWEVER those servers were onsite which MADE it easier to monitor traffic. I moved to an off site server simply because of Bandwidth, environmental, and uptime issues.
I also had to get my CISSP because one of my customers is a good sized public utility. It was required by the department of Homeland Security, but that was about 13 years ago, I've probably forgotten more than I remember, and the entire scope of threats has changed immensely since then.

The server I accept payments on is a separate machine located in an extremely controlled environment. Nothing is un-hackable but I'm trying!

Thanks for the input!Attachment removed at the request of the OPThanks Allen
1017.

Solve : cmos/bios time??

Answer»

I have installed a FREEBSD system on Asus motherboard and have needed to set time
in bios/cmos. But:
I set the time to hours: 11 and when I boot the system. the time shows up as 4 (instead of 11)
SO I get into the bios and set the hour to 23 (assuming a 24 hr clock) and the system comes up
showing 16
What is happening here?
I would use ntp server to set time but I don't yet have an internet connection for this system
Thanks for time and attention.
JKUNIX systems store the time in the BIOS as UTC, the OS then changes this based on the timezone (by adding/subtracting hours). You should set the time through the OS itself or set the BIOS to the time in UTC rather than your local time.Actually, in the bios on this machine I do not see an option for specifying utc.
But what happened is that I had the minutes set WRONG. When I set the minutes
to the correct value, the time showed up correct on reboot.

Thank you for your time and attentionQuote

Linux MAINTAINS two clocks: the hardware clock and the software clock. The battery driven hardware clock maintains the time while the computer is TURNED off. During the boot, Linux reads the hardware clock and sets the software clock to the value it retrieves.

I THINK that this article can help you: date command
1018.

Solve : Dual-booting windows xp with kali linux?

Answer»

I want to make windows xp dual boot with kali linux (KALI LINUX IS INSTALLED FIRST). Can anybody help me with that? Quote from: msaboor35 on June 17, 2015, 12:43:22 AM

I want to make windows xp dual boot with kali linux (KALI LINUX IS INSTALLED FIRST). Can anybody help me with that?
No. {short answer}
You NEED to make room for a primary partition on the hard drive. It should be the first partition. Yes, windows XP can boot from other partitions, but there are many obstacles to overcome. {long answer}

Myself, I have done this a number of times and find the short answer us the sway to go. You must install XP first. Then Linux will deal with the details. It helps if you have spare hard drives you can use for testing different methods.
It is understood that you must have some KIND of backup plan.

This phrase ' Dual-booting windows xp with Linux' in a search brings hundreds, even thousands of articles on the Internet from the PAST few years.
Almost always requires XP to be installed first

Hardware solution. Use TWO hard drives. Use BIOS to switch systems.
I would agree with Geek-9pm.

Only if it is critical for you to keep your data from Kali, just load Windows on your machine and then reinstall Kali after that. If you must, read on.

Microsoft OS's depend on being the primary OS on the drive in order to boot. Linux too, it could be argued.

Booting multiple OS's is a FEATURE enabled by GRUB, which is installed along with most (If not every) linux distribution. GRUB is like it's own mini-OS that loads from the primary partition and, once loaded, can boot up any other operating system on any other partition.

The linux installation, if Windows is installed first, will take care of configuring GRUB to have an option to boot into that.
If Windows is installed after, you'd have to either try running Code: [Select]update-grub from Kali and seeing if it will detect windows, or manually edit your GRUB configuration.

Personally when I had this issue, I just backed up my data, installed Windows on the drive, then did the linux install and let it autoconfigure GRUB for me.

Let us know what route you take. I hope you get this worked out.
1019.

Solve : Automate user creation on cli?

Answer»

How do poweruser or network ADMINISTRATORS automate USER and GROUP creation? Is there a program which can be used instead)

1020.

Solve : create a hard link to one of your existing files on someone else's directory?

Answer»

I'm using Windows 7 and struggling with this assignment. I'm using Putty, vi. Does anyone have suggestions as which steps to take? Thank you.


You are to create a hard link to one of your existing FILES on someone else's directory (or vice versa). In other words, you know that you can link a file within your own directories, but you can also have a link to one of your files on other areas of the unix system as long as you have permissions to write to that directory (in this case, your partner).
Create a subdirectory called temp where you can place this temporary link.
Remember that you do not link a file to another file. You create a hard link to an existing file.

So, user A has file1 that he/she wants to give access to user B. User B has to open certain directory permissions, for this to happen, then User A can create the link on user B directory (user A NEVER goes to user B directories typing cd), but if permissions are opened correctly all the COMMANDS will be DONE from user A directory without shell error messages such as “can not access..”.
Permissions have to be SET to allow.
I'd create a mapping to the temp directory and access it that way to a MAPPED share.
You should read up on Putty to get aware of its environment also.


I had to create a similar setup in college years ago and I also used WinSCP for file transfers etc.

1021.

Solve : Adobe to no longer offer Flash for linux after version 11.2?

Answer»

Totally didnt expect to find this note when going to update my Linux Mint 17.1 system. I figured more and more were accepting Linux and porting for it. This is a surprising step back to only support Mac and Windows for future versions.

Quote

NOTE: Adobe Flash Player 11.2 will be the last version to target Linux as a supported platform. Adobe will continue to provide security backports to Flash Player 11.2 for Linux.

As seen here when it detects that your at their site with Linux OS as I was with my laptop tonight. https://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/I don't see it as a step backwards. Flash is garbage.

At any RATE, this isn't new- This dates back over 3 years.So then Flash 11.2 is the end of the road fro Linux. Windows users get 17.2.
By the way. , some have noted the new flash player has troubles with some versions of Windows.
Somewhere I read that a Linux user can use Chrome and use Flash. Is that right?
Flash might be garbage, but for sites like youtube and flash games, your SORT of stuck with it or else it doesnt play videos or games right? Or is there an alternate way that supports these that I am not AWARE of?Quote from: DaveLembke on July 14, 2015, 10:12:09 PM
Flash might be garbage, but for sites like youtube and flash games, your sort of stuck with it or else it doesnt play videos or games right? Or is there an alternate way that supports these that I am not aware of?

Youtube has used HTML5 as the default player option since January of this year.

For flash games, can't help you there, since I'm in the 21st century... . Most of the new features added in the last several versions were largely tracking and DRM 'features', so it is unlikely that a Flash game would require newer versions of Flash anyway, meaning 11.2 should be fine. Very few new games are developed in Flash (thank goodness) anyway, with most games for the web being constructed using HTML5/Canvas.

I have Flash set to "Prompt before activate" always, and seldom activate it, though I get a chuckle when a random site that doesn't need to display any sort of video shows the prompt. Also I've found that the option is pretty much the "default" anyway, as Flash is typically sets to "Prompt to activate" mode by security issues. Firefox and I believe chrome recently changed the default setting to Prompt to Activate because of the rampant security issues.

Shumway is an Open Source project designed to play .swf file formats. This is the format used by Flash Games.

Now that youtube not only supports an alternative (HTML5) but enables it by default on any supported browser, hopefully developers can stop developing things using Flash. Regardless of how easy it is to use or create certain content using Flash the concerns of the user should be more important, and the fact that using Flash for your game/software means your users have to install a well known security sieve ought to be enough to use another technology such as Javascript and HTML5 Canvas.

Another consideration should be to have the developers of Flash games allow their game to be downloaded, rather than require the browser plugin to be installed. The Flash Player install includes a standalone player (or if it doesn't, one can be downloaded) which is a more secure option as it cannot be exploited externally.

I use Amazon Prime to watch TV and movies. Amazon uses either silverlight or Flash for the video streaming. Some platforms can not use silverlight., so the use has to use Flash instead.
1022.

Solve : view members of main group?

Answer»

How do I view members of my main group, even if they are off line? I'm not using uiGroup members are listed in the /etc/group file. RUN the file through the GREP command to get only the LIST of the USERS in your particular group, e.g. cat /etc/group | grep NAMEThank you. I appreciate it!

1023.

Solve : Putty sort list in descending order, and show command to display softlinks?

Answer»

All I've had success with has been creating a students file USING cut and paste by right clicking. Do I use the cat or awk command for the rest of question A.)?

A.) Create this sample file, you can call it student grades

John Doe 3.54 ECE
James Davis 3.71 ECE
Al Davis 2.63 CS
Ahmad Rashid 3.74 MBA
Sam Chu 3.68 ECE
Arun Roy 3.06 SS
Rick Marsh 2.34 CS
James Adam 2.77 CS
Art Pohm 4.00 ECE
John Clark 2.68 ECE
Nabeel Ali 3.56 EE
Tom Nelson 3.81 ECE
Pat King 2.77 SS
Jake Zulu 3.00 CS
John Lee 2.64 EE
Sunil Raj 3.36 ECE
Charles Right 3.31 EECS
Diane Rover 3.87 ECE
Aziz Inan 3.75 EECS
Lu John 3.06 CS
Lee Chow 3.74 EE
Adam Giles 2.54 SS
Andy John 3.98 EECS

The file above contains student records. Use a command line to display the records for the top five students in descending (sorted) order, i.e., with the highest GPA student’s record displayed first. SHOW your session.

Use a command line to display the records for the top five students in descending (sorted) order, i.e., with the highest GPA student’s record displayed first. Show your session.

B.) How many SOFT links are there in the /usr directory. Show the command and its output.

Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.
Quote

Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

Linux command line is most often used to manage files and start programs. An ANALYSIS of records in a file is more readily done by some type of database manager.

Linux users often use MySQL as a free database program. Support for the program is from volunteers. Here is an article about MySQL:

Create a MySQL Database on Linux via Command Line
More information can be found in many free tutorials about MySQL.

Hope this is of some help.This is homework. Try the man pages for awk, ls, FIND and grep.
1024.

Solve : Unexpected end of file error?

Answer»

I can see TWO simple SYNTAX errors that I need to correct, but my big question is why do I have an unexpected end of file error? I was able to use this scrips to end a different program:

#!/bin/bash
until [ "$userIn" = "j" ]
or main menu
do
echo "Command Menu"
echo
echo "a. Emailer Program"
echo "b. Users Currently Logged On"
echo "c. Current Date and Time"
echo "d. This Months Calendar"
echo "e. Name of the Current Working Directory"
echo "f Contents of the Working Directory"
echo "g. FIND the IP of a Web address"
echo "h. See your FORTUNE"
echo "i. Print a File on the Screen"
echo "j. Exit"
echo
echo -n "Please select a letter: "
case "$userIn" in
a|A) echo
echo "This program will allow you to send an email,"
echo "with file attached."
echo
echo -n "Please enter the subject of yout message: "
read userMessage
echo
echo -n "Please enter the email address: "
read userAddress
echo
echo -n "Please enter the file to attach: "
read emailFile
mail -s "$userMessage" "$userAddress"<"$emailFile"
echo
;;
b|B) echo
echo "This menu selection shows who is currently logged on";

echo "which is: "
echo
who
echo
;;
c|C) echo
echo "This menu selection gives the current date and time;"

echo "which is: "
echo
date
echo
;;
d|D) echo
echo "This menu selection shows the current months calendar"
echo "which is: "
echo
cal
echo
;;
e|E) echo
echo "This selection shows the current working directory"
echo "which is: "
echo
pwd

echo
;;
f|F) echo
echo "This menu selection shows the contents of the current working directory"
echo "working directory; which is: "
echo
ls
echo
;;
g|G) echo
echo "This menu selection looks up an IP address using a web address"
echo
echo -n "Please Enter the Web Address to Look Up: "
read userAddress
echo
host "$ userAddress"
echo
;;
h|H) echo
echo "This menu selection outputs one of many fortunes. "
echo
fortune
echo
;;
i|I) echo
echo
echo "This menu selection outputs a chosen file to print on the screen"
echo "page by page if it is a large file. "
echo
echo -n "Please Enter a File to See: "
read userFile
echo
if [ -f "$userFile" ]

then
more "$userFile"
else
echo "The file is invalid or cannot be found. "
fi
echo
;;
j|J) echo
echo "Thank you for TRYING this program"
echo
;;
esac

1025.

Solve : unzip.exe can't find the files?

Answer»

I use csh scripting on CAM software that runs on an XP windows EMULATOR. I've used the command line for unzip.exe on a different machine before successfully, but now, on new machine, it can't find the FILE, even if I cd right into the directory. I've checked my permissions and even used ls to check for the file, but unzip STILL can't find it.
The command line is: $UNZIP c:/genesis/zips/$file -d c:/genesis/fw/jobs/$JOB/input
$UNZIP was set to c:/usr/local/bin/unzip.exe
Any help would be greatly appreciated.Do you still have the old machine with it on it to copy unzip.exe to media and copy it over to the target directory of the instruction execution?

Any backups to get it off of?

Otherwise you will need to download a new copy of unzip.exe if you can no longer locate it.

1026.

Solve : CD ROM drive in Lubuntu?

Answer»

On a laptop (Acer aspire 1350) CD rom DRIVE does not open when I PRESS the BUTTON. Is that a hardware problem or maybe in Linux you have a command to open CD ROM drive? Thank youTry unmounting the drive and than run the eject command.

1027.

Solve : Modifying Knoppix to have Samba running for file server?

Answer»

One of my friends asked me today if there was a way to edit Knoppix so that on boot of this Live CD of 7.0.5, that it would mount an external USB hard drive so that he could MAKE an old LAPTOP act like a NAS.

I told him that the EASIEST method would be just to install Linux to a Hard Drive and then set up samba to this drive then.

But it sounds like no matter what SATA HDD he puts into it, the SATA port is blown. Yet, the DVD-RW drive still functions and he is able to boot this system up with a Knoppix Live CD and USB and everything else works. Instead of throwing this troubled laptop away, he thought that he could convert it into a NAS by creating an EDITED Knoppix CD or DVD which mounts the external HDD via USB 2.0 and set this laptop and hard drive in a corner connected to his LAN, and be able to use it as a NAS/Local File Server.

One other IDEA I had is if he put Knoppix 7.0.5 onto a thumb drive he should be able to have the laptop automatically boot off of that thumb drive and then also save the Samba config to that thumb drive since it would allow for you to save configurations such as a Samba shared drive without having to make an edited version of Knoppix and then burn that CD or DVD and hope that the static Samba info works.

But I have never modified Knoppix or any other Linux Live or USB bootable Linux drive before to know if this would work.

Its almost too bad that Knoppix didnt have a feature that looked for a USB drive present, and if present, look for a knoppix config file in the root of the attached USB drive to then make it easily configurable and still a Live read-only OS. How Apache uses a Httpd.conf to allow for you to enable/disable features, it would be nice if Knoppix on boot looked for a config file and if found run with the configurations that people want that can be easily edited and if one does not exist it would run with its default configuration as it reads off the CD or DVD itself.

Maybe I should suggest this to www.knopper.net as something to add in a future release.

But anyways, looking for a solution to give him with his laptop that has SATA port issues that he wants to use for this NAS type of setup. Any info on how to achieve this without swapping out the laptop or laptops main board is greatly appreciated.Most Linux distributions can be put on a USB stick and run from them. I would take a look at that route. Plenty of distros to chose from. FreeNAS can be put on USB.Which version of Knoppix?
Why Knoppix?
I think current version of Knoppix does that.
Here is a live list:
http://www.livecdlist.com/
Some live Linux version scan burn a config file into a CD.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puppy_Linux
After you config Puppy, it saves it to a file on the CD.Closure to this.... Friend ended up putting Fedora 17 onto a thumb drive and going that route. It allowed you to make changes that would hold after reboot whereas the Knoppix wanted to be read-only even with USB drive so that every boot was clean.

Laptop has since bit the dust. Running 24/7/365 it was acting like a vacuum cleaner without the bag emptied by it being left on, on the floor under his desk where the dog a lab sheds hair and the laptop overheated and died.

He has since bought a NAS by Buffalo used on ebay and is using that as a better network attached storage means.

1028.

Solve : Having trouble sshing into a linux Machine.?

Answer»

So im not sure what the problem or SOLUTION is my main problem is im trying to SSH into a linux machine from outside the network ubuntu is running on the machine the one trying to ssh into it is windows 10 via putty. But everytime i try to it says connection timed out.

Ive
-Portforwarded
-made sure port 22 was open on ubuntu
-disabled any firewalls
-made sure the service was started on ubuntu.

It works flawlessly from inside the network just not externally any help would be greatly appreciated. thanks again
i was wandering if setting up DDNS or some other sort of role would help.the main problem i think is im not able to ping the external ip of the linux machine at all i have no idea why. the linux machine can ping my external ipTo be clear, when you are outside of the network, you are trying to SSH into your public IP address and not the same IP address of the machine as you use when you are inside the network?yes im using the public ip to ssh into the machine

1029.

Solve : messed up file system?

Answer»

Hello readers
its Mayank
my problem with my LAPTOP is that right now it dont have any OS because of unknown file system and i do not have any idea how to resolve this problem
i am right now using my laptop in LINUX mint live mod via a pendrive
when try to dubble click on one of my partition it says Unable to mount location
there is program in linux mint called gparted i am uploading a snapshot according to which my partition is LVM2 pv monted to mint-vg I want to install window 7 in my pc I do not want to formate my harddisk
THANK in advance

[attachment deleted by admin to conserve space]This is from dictation.
First of all, many people read this forum so recommendations given are sometimes interpreted to be the general procedures that should be used. However, in your case, this is not really a general procedure.

Here's the problem. You have a small partition that is unknown. The utility you are using, GPARTD, does a good job of finding partitions. In my opinion, you will have to delete that unknown partition before you can proceed to install Windows 10. With the program GPARTD you are given a chance to undo your operations before you hit the apply button. Once you have told the program to do something and you hit the apply button, there's no turning back. The contents of that unknown partition cannot be read, so there's no effective way to MAKE a backup of whatever it is.
After getting rid of the unknown partition, use the same
GPARTD tool to resize the partition that is identified as dev/sda3. You can safetly reduce it to about 500 Mb.
Then after you have done that you can boot the Windows standard install disk and do a custom install. You will let Windows create a new partition and install Windows 10 on a new partition.

To recap, this no point in keeping that unknown partition because we don't know what's on it or why it's there. Because of its small size, it's unlikely that has anything important that you really need.
Hope this helps.

1030.

Solve : Is there an easy way to revert other than reinstalling Linux - Video Driver?

Answer»

So I was messing around with making a Lower end Gaming system that runs on Linux since Steam and some other games out there have Linux ports and the system specs are an equal match like the indie games etc.

Here is the hardware specs:

Athlon 64 x2 4850e 2.5Ghz
2GB DDR2 800Mhz ( 2 x 1GB sticks )
AMD Radeon HD5450 1GB Sapphire Video Card PCIE 16x 2.0
250GB SATA II HDD
DVD-RW Drive
460 watt PSU

INSTALLED Linux Mint 17.1 Cinnamon 32-bit

During installation I have to use the Compatibility Mode at launch of Linux Mint 17.1 Live pre-install environment otherwise it locks up with the default. ( * Must be a driver issue possibly with default Live )

Installed Linux Mint 17.1 Cinnamon 32-bit during the compatibility mode and all goes well. Entire hard drive wiped CLEAN and clean install.

Rebooted system and removed the DVD-R so that it will boot to Mint 17.1 Cinnamon 32-bit. All goes well. Performed all updates. No problem there.

Installed Steam Client for Linux and no problem there. Downloaded some games to play and saw that the same games that I have run on same video card for a different almost equal, but lesser powerful Windows 7 build and similar Athlon 64 x2 4450B 2.3Ghz with AMD Radeon HD5450 512MB video card and 4GB RAM, the games were acting like they were not running on the AMD driver, but a generic driver for the video card. Poor performance.

So I went to AMD website and downloaded the Linux Ubuntu release of the video driver since Mint uses Ubuntu LIBRARIES for drivers, and installed the video driver. The catalyst driver for Linux then came up and said that I should use the older driver version. I chose to ignore this and install the latest. All I thought went well. But there was no change in game performance, so I decided to reboot.

Upon reboot the system crashed with XWindows failing to initialize due to a Graphics Driver problem dumping me to the command prompt. Looked online for WAYS to revert back to the prior video driver that worked. No luck. Ok time to wipe Linux again and reinstall fresh and bring it back to the state it was in prior to the latest Catalyst driver killing XWindows

So question i have is.... is there a easy way to revert back to prior driver when this happens or is the best method to just blow away the data and install fresh again like I did and avoid the latest driver for now and use the older driver that had an asterisk suggesting i use that one instead?

The performance hit between Linux Mint 17.1 32-bit and Windows 7 64-bit might be due to OpenGL 3.2 vs DirectX 11, but given the games are not that demanding I was hoping that OpenGL 3.2 would be plenty powerful for those Linux ported or Linux native games.my knowledge is limited on linux but you could try using a command such as

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh -a which should completely reinstall the operating system

you'll lose everything thoughSo you already read this?
How to Install Hardware Drivers on Linux
Quote

Things are different on Linux. Most of the drivers for hardware on your computer are open-source and integrated into Linux itself. These hardware drivers are generally part of the Linux kernel, although bits of graphics drivers are part of Xorg (the graphics system), and printer drivers are included with CUPS (the print system).

That means most of the available hardware drivers are already on your computer, included along with the kernel, graphics server, and print server. These drivers are sometimes developed by hobbyists. But they’re sometimes developed by the hardware manufacturer themselves, who contributes their code directly to the Linux kernel and other projects.

In other words, most hardware drivers are included out-of-the-box. You don’t have to hunt down manufacturer-provided drivers for every bit of hardware on your Linux system and install them. Your Linux system should automatically detect your hardware and use the appropriate hardware drivers.
The CUPS is generally used on most Linux distros. But it is more about printers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUPS

The RPM system cam from Red Hat is is still around.
Reference:
https://kb.iu.edu/d/aheo
Fedora can do video in RPM.
http://www.fedorafaq.org/
The Unofficial Fedora® FAQ
Quote
Q: How do I enable 3D support for my ATI Radeon card in Fedora?
A: RPM Fusion provides ATI driver RPMs that are designed especially for Fedora.
NOTE: If you have nVidia drivers installed, you must un-install them before installing these ATI drivers.
Maybe you will get better answers on a specific Linux forum.

While it isn't super helpful, Linux support for AMD video cards is dreadful to the extent that I replaced my Radeon 7950 with a GeForce GTX 770. A DECENT NVIDIA card comparable to a 5450 isn't going to be that expensive so you may want to look down that route as NVIDIA support under Linux is much better.Yah I think I am going to go with nvidia on this build.. the linux drivers for this card are poor. 5 frames per second on a game that under windows xp gets 30 fps with same hardware
Quote from: DaveLembke on October 06, 2015, 05:02:00 PM
Yah I think I am going to go with nvidia on this build.. the linux drivers for this card are poor. 5 frames per second on a game that under windows xp gets 30 fps with same hardware

Those 25 frames are worth it for the freedoms! Hope this isn't too late.
Quote
So question i have is.... is there a easy way to revert back to prior driver when this happens or is the best method to just blow away the data and install fresh again like I did and avoid the latest driver for now and use the older driver that had an asterisk suggesting i use that one instead?
I had a similar problem to yours back in july. I am running Ubuntu 15.04 wtih a radeon hd6770. The opensource drivers sucked.
I tried installing amd's drivers from their website, but upon reboot it killed the xwindow system and sent me to tty1 to login.
I deleted /dev/X11/xorg.conf and when I rebooted the xwindow system worked again, but using the opensource drivers.
I then uninstalled the amd drivers I downloaded.
Some time later I installed the amd drivers through Ubuntu's Additional Drivers tool and it worked!

I know Linux Mint is derived from ubuntu, does this tool exist in Linux Mint?


Quote from: BC_Programmer on October 06, 2015, 05:54:08 PM
Those 25 frames are worth it for the freedoms!
You about it now, but I promise you: when the robots enslave the human race they'll be running on a property software. So


[attachment deleted by admin to conserve space]Thanks Waffle for your input. The problem you had is the same exact problem I ran into.

I ended up reinstalling Linux Mint 17.1 32-bit to this system but after first installing XP Home SP3 to 1/2 of the hard drive leaving the other half for Linux Mint 17.1 32-bit.

For the fact that I can play the games fine on XP on the same box and the AMD drivers are lacking. I might just use the Linux Mint 17.1 for times when I want the added security of Linux environment that is up to date with security. And just play the games on Windows XP Home SP3 that work better with Steam Client.

If I find an ok nvidia video card for cheap, I might upgrade to nVidia. I just recently bought a new video card for my 8-core FX8350 and gave the 260GTX to my older gaming system, and then pulled the Radeon HD5450 out of that system and placed it into this Linux box which prior was just integrated Radeon HD3000. The Radeon HD5450 is much better than integrated Radeon HD3000, and under Windows the games are ok at 25fps when lots are going on and 40-50 fps in game screens with not much going on.

Thanks for your input on this.
1031.

Solve : I need help with Linux technical terms?

Answer»

Thank you Calum and Geek-9pm. It is embarrassing but I have to ask! I have forgotten how to recognize a RE-writable DVD form a NON RE-writable one. Can you please tell me?

Regards,Personally, I recommend you NOT use the RW type media.
CD-RW
DVD-RW
The failure rate is very high for bookable media. Just one bad bit can stop it from working right. But with music and video it does not matter as much. And the RW media is more expensive.Quote from: Geek-9pm on October 16, 2015, 10:17:20 AM

Personally, I recommend you NOT use the RW type media.
CD-RW
DVD-RW
The failure rate is very high for bookable media. Just one bad bit can stop it from working right. But with music and video it does not matter as much. And the RW media is more expensive.
Thank you,

This is mainly for only trying out a number of Distros and desktop themes, before I decide on what I like. I can use just one Disk to do this by overwriting the previous Distro or desktop theme, until I am happy with one of them.

Regards,Quote from: floccinaucini on October 16, 2015, 07:22:36 AM
Thank you Calum and Geek-9pm. It is embarrassing but I have to ask! I have forgotten how to recognize a RE-writable DVD form a NON RE-writable one. Can you please tell me?

Regards,

Usually the disk will have DVD-R/DVD+R (writable) or DVD-RW/DVD+RW (rewritable) printed on it. So, basically just LOOK for RW instead of R as this will indicate a rewritable disk.

Geek's comment is valid if you were going to use the disk for anything important, for your intended usage I don't see a problem with using RW media. By their nature, they're reusable, so although they're more expensive it's not like you can't use them again in the future.Quote from: Calum on October 17, 2015, 07:13:18 AM
Usually the disk will have DVD-R/DVD+R (writable) or DVD-RW/DVD+RW (rewritable) printed on it. So, basically just look for RW instead of R as this will indicate a rewritable disk.

Geek's comment is valid if you were going to use the disk for anything important, for your intended usage I don't see a problem with using RW media. By their nature, they're reusable, so although they're more expensive it's not like you can't use them again in the future.
Thank you. If I create a boot-able USB stick using rufus:
(1) Can I delete a Distro from the USB stick after checking the Distro, and download another distro to the stick, or do I first delete, and then format the stick before downloading the next Distro?
(2) Can a boot-able stick hold more than one distro at a time?
(3) At the end of this venture, can I use this same stick as a normal USB stick for saving media etc?

Kind regards, USB sticks are very useful.

Still, I think my earlier recommendation is pragmatic.
The DVD-R only costs 25 cents and is fast an stable.
If you decide you don't want then ... -
- they can be used as coasters for coffee cups.


Quote from: floccinaucini on October 17, 2015, 09:56:37 AM
Thank you. If I create a boot-able USB stick using rufus:
(1) Can I delete a Distro from the USB stick after checking the Distro, and download another distro to the stick, or do I first delete, and then format the stick before downloading the next Distro?
(2) Can a boot-able stick hold more than one distro at a time?
(3) At the end of this venture, can I use this same stick as a normal USB stick for saving media etc?

Kind regards,

1. The EASIEST way would be to use Rufus to "LOAD" the next distro onto the stick, Rufus will format the drive automatically each time by default. So no special steps need to be taken, just open Rufus, select the next distro's ISO file and ensure the target is set to your USB drive, it'll ask you if you're sure to format the drive, hit yes and it'll go ahead.
2. You could create a multi-distro USB stick, but that's not as simple a process and it's not one I've done before. I'd recommend just sticking to one at a time, it makes everything simpler.
3. You can indeed, just format the drive once you're done and it'll be back to normal formatting it afterwards isn't absolutely necessary but again it just makes things easier as you're guaranteed to have removed everything on there before you start using it again.Holy cow! In the days you have been going back and forth asking questions about what disks to use and such, you could have easily tried a half dozen different distros already.Quote from: Calum on October 17, 2015, 11:55:23 AM
1. The easiest way would be to use Rufus to "load" the next distro onto the stick, Rufus will format the drive automatically each time by default. So no special steps need to be taken, just open Rufus, select the next distro's ISO file and ensure the target is set to your USB drive, it'll ask you if you're sure to format the drive, hit yes and it'll go ahead.
2. You could create a multi-distro USB stick, but that's not as simple a process and it's not one I've done before. I'd recommend just sticking to one at a time, it makes everything simpler.
3. You can indeed, just format the drive once you're done and it'll be back to normal formatting it afterwards isn't absolutely necessary but again it just makes things easier as you're guaranteed to have removed everything on there before you start using it again.
Thank you for all the support. I am confident of doing this now.

Kind regards,Quote from: strollin on October 17, 2015, 05:40:17 PM
Holy cow! In the days you have been going back and forth asking questions about what disks to use and such, you could have easily tried a half dozen different distros already.

Possibly, but understand that this can be daunting to someone who's never done this before. I know I was just the same a few years back and asked a similar set of questions myself.

Quote from: floccinaucini on October 17, 2015, 05:56:29 PM
Thank you for all the support. I am confident of doing this now.

Kind regards,

Not a problem, hope it goes well for you Quote from: Calum on October 18, 2015, 01:31:59 AM
Possibly, but understand that this can be daunting to someone who's never done this before. I know I was just the same a few years back and asked a similar set of questions myself. ...
Yeah, I guess. I'm more FEARLESS in that regard. Instead of asking questions over several days, I would have just gone ahead and figured out (by trial and error if need be) what worked and what didn't. What's to lose, a few cheap disks?

Anyway, here's a link to a listing of 10 distros that the OP might CONSIDER trying: http://www.techradar.com/us/news/software/operating-systems/best-linux-distro-five-we-recommend-1090058
1032.

Solve : Using 'Rufus' to make bootable USB Drive?

Answer»

I have DOWNLOADED 'Rufus' to make a bootable USB Drive, to check some live ISOs of LINUX Distros, but I am unsure of the 'Rufus' settings. I have attached a screen SHOT with the default settings. Do I need to change any of these settings before I format the USB? This may not be relevant, but I am doing this on a Windows 7, which I believe has an NTFS file system.

Thank you



[attachment deleted by admin to conserve space]Normally you can leave all the settings at default - just click the disk icon next to "Create a bootable disk using" to select the Linux ISO you've downloaded, then click Start. I can't SAY I've ever had to change any of the settings offered other than to rename the disk using the "New volume label" option to make it obvious what's on the drive.Great help. Thank you.

Kind REGARDS

1033.

Solve : CPIO doesn't know tape size??

Answer»
I am trying to make a tape backup on our old unix SYSTEM. The tape I am trying to make is called a "Root" tape. I am using CPIO to make the tape but when I RUN out of space I get an ERROR instead of it just asking for another tape. My understanding is that there should be a part in the command line that TELLS CPIO how big the tape is. The command line I am using to write to tape is: find . -mount -depth -print|cpio -ov >/dev/rct0

What would I add to tell it how much space is on the tape? Any help would be appreciated. Thanks.
1034.

Solve : In order to update /boot needs more space?

Answer»

What can I delete from /boot to free up more space?
The machine I'm running on was installed with an encrypeted lvm, would it be better to give /boot more space? (Is this even possible?)

[attachment deleted by admin to conserve space]Since I can't find a DEFINITE answer and no one has responded, I will move them to a backup directory and see what happens...Did you try the sudo apt-get clean that it suggested to try to rid it of unnecessary former installation files?I did the Code: [Select]sudo apt-get clean but that deleted like three files that and they weren't in the /boot dir.
That didn't work.
I ended up manually backing up and then deleting these files.
I must have got lucky, because after that I ran
Code: [Select]sudo apt-get updateand rebooted and everything ended up working.

After I update to a NEW kernel is it SAFE to assume the old kernels are no longer needed?When it comes to Linux i have often run into issues with upgrades so I primarily back up all data and install fresh clean with the latest ISO. I have had driver issues and version creep and other issues from upgrading forward. The prior kernel should not be necessary but I would backup data to an external DRIVE before dumping the file. After upgrade it should no longer need the old kernel but to play it safe i'd make sure any critical data is backed up first.

1035.

Solve : Strange Linux Mint 17.1 32-bit issue with Zotac GF6100-E motherboard - Driver??

Answer»

Ran into a strange issue with Linux Mint 17.1 32-bit and this ITX board. Created bootable 4GB USB stick for Mint 17.1 32-bit and everything looks fine at the get GO. Linux Mint bootloader count down and then it automatically boots to a live install of Mint. Desktop shows up after the small LM logo and all still looks good. Move mouse pointer around and no problems. Go to click on Firefox to launch browser and the pointer turns into a cartwheel that shows progress and then locks up tight, and sometimes the screen would then SHOW diagonal saw toothed lines on the monitor. No mouse or keyboard controls system is locked up. Rebooted and tried again and same results. Rebooted and tried again and this time went to navigate to software manager and it locked up tight again. Swapped RAM out just because its quick and easy, removed the 2GB of DDR2 533Mhz and replaced that with a single 1GB 667Mhz DDR2 stick and problem REMAINS. Put the other RAM back in since I need the 2GB vs 1GB even though slower FSB RAM.

Troubleshooting methods used ...

1.) Ran Memtest86 which is part of this distros boot loader options. 5 PASSES with no RAM issues. Swapped RAM with other known good RAM and problem remains as well.

2.) Removed USB stick and booted the same version of Mint off of a DVD-R everything looks good until once again launching browser or navigating in which system locks up.

3.) *Note the DVD-R and USB stick work perfectly fine in other systems so I know there is nothing wrong with the OS.

4.) On about the 5th boot Cinnamon displayed an error message that looks like it had some sort of conflict and so it disabled some features. * I should have written down the error message.

5.) Connected the SATA hard drive back to this system and booted Windows 7 64-bit with no problems. So I know that the hardware is healthy and so it had to be a driver or some other conflict with this motherboard and that distro.

Here is hardware specs for this build:

CPU = Athlon 64 x2 4450B 2.3Ghz 45w TDP socket AM2
RAM = Corsair 533Mhz DDR2 ( 2 x 1GB = 2GB dual-channel config )
PSU = 430 watt coolermaster ( Voltages are all healthy )

Here is the motherboard for more info on it:
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16813500045

I am thinking that this might be driver or bug related, to this board, but not sure how find the exact cause. Does anyone know if there is a event log like Windows has to see what happened and what may have been reported as failing. My linux skills are weak when it comes to problems like this. Its strange that everything looks good until you go to do anything with it other than move the mouse pointer around.

For the fact that Windows 7 64-bit runs flawless on this I can rule out a hardware failure.

I suppose I could try a distro other than Mint on it and see if I can find one that behaves and look to see what drivers are used maybe and compare to see if I can find the cause.

When it locks up does it lock up completely? Can you switch to a tty?
There are a bunch of logs under /var/log.
I don't know which one you should check.
If there is a problem detected at during start up you might find it here:
/var/log/boot.log

Edit:
If not there than maybe
/var/log/syslog.1Thanks I will try that. I know that CTRL + ALT + DELETE didnt do anything and usually it does so I am guessing its locked up tight, but I could take the thumb drive to a healthy Linux build and mount the drive and look at the log maybe on the thumb drive.Quote from: DaveLembke on December 13, 2015, 09:22:54 AM

Thanks I will try that. I know that CTRL + ALT + DELETE didnt do anything
Try CTRL+ALT+Function Keys - This should switch you to a TTY.
1036.

Solve : Dual boot Linux and Windows (7 or10)?

Answer»

I want to try a Linux distro installed properly not just on a live disc. I don't want to give up on windows though. I have read mixed things about how easy it is to set up a dual boot machine like this. Some say it's easy, other say it's difficult to set up without messing up windows.

I need a clear answer one way or another before I decide to do it or not. If it is possible, which type of Linux is the best one to dual boot with windows and is it the easiest to install?I currently have Windows 7 Ultimate and Ubuntu dual-booting. Previously, I had Windows 7 Ultimate and Fedora dual-booted. If I remember right, I created a partition of 750GB for windows and left the other 250 alone. I then installed Windows onto the 750GB partition, rebooted and installed Linux on the rest. I haven't had any issues at all, it works great.I have 2 partitions, one with windows, the other with user data. The OS partition has SPARE capacity, so if I shrink it and create a third partition will that be OK for installing linux? How much space does a typical linux install need?About 20GiB is safe for a Linux install, provided you do not want to install Steam games or TeX stuff.

Actually if you're not installing Steam or TeX and don't need too much room for video files or other large documents then you can get away with a lot less, around 10GiB is safe.

I have a 'work' install of Debian on my computer that currently takes up 5.7GiB, 1.8GiB is just random home files, about 90% of those home files are media like pictures and videos I've downloaded.I regularly build systems with dual boot and one thing to ADD is if you had a drive that has a FAT32 partition you can use this FAT32 space as a file sharing area between both Linux and Windows.

Generally Linux see's all. But Windows sees the Linux partitions as unknown. With FAT32 partition you can maintain a data location that both can access without any problems.Quote from: DaveLembke on October 03, 2015, 06:44:54 AM

Generally Linux see's all. But Windows sees the Linux partitions as unknown.

There are various 3rd party Linux file system viewers you can use in Windows

http://www.howtogeek.com/112888/3-ways-to-access-your-linux-partitions-from-windows/
Quote from: Salmon Trout on October 03, 2015, 07:11:19 AM
There are various 3rd party Linux file system viewers you can use in Windows

http://www.howtogeek.com/112888/3-ways-to-access-your-linux-partitions-from-windows/

Nevertheless these all have their own headaches. For the easiest solution I'd agree with Dave on the FAT32 partition.Thanks for replie.

Whats a FAT32 partition and how is it different to normal partitions? My current partitions are NTFS as required by Windows 7 etc.

I have been thinking about this. i have a spare old laptop HDD which is now in an ENCLOSURE and used as an external drive. It is partitioned and recently formatted via Windows 7 format tool to standard settings NTFS, default file allocation size etc. Could i use this for a linux install and boot from it to my main PC instead of installing it on the PCs own hard drive. In effect making it a linux extension of the PC?https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_Allocation_Table

I'd remove the laptop HDD from the case if its a newer SATA 150 or SATA 300 drive and plug it direct to SATA port in desktop system. Then figure out your BIOS hot key at boot BIOS splash screen to select device to boot from from menu. * WARNING: You will want to disconnect your Windows 7 drive when you install Linux to the laptop drive. This way you dont get confused and wipe out your windows installation. Once Linux is installed. You can reconnect your Windows 7 drive and use the boot device menu to select Windows or LinuxOh I was HOPING it would be easier than that. Didn't want to have to install the spare drive into the PC. I wanted to have a bootable and writable drive that wasn't permanently part of the machine. Would using a high capacity flash drive be an option? As a full install i mean not Live CD. I am still wary of installing Linux direct to my PC HDD.

Apart from Mint amd Ubuntu, what other distros would you recomend for a beginner at LInux?1.The purpose of this Instructable is to set up your computer to dual-boot Windows 7 and Ubuntu Linux. Dual-booting is a technique which allows a single physical computer to run two or more operating systems (OSes). This is useful for experimenting with new OSes without putting all your eggs in one basket.
2.If you do want to dual-boot, the most important time-honored piece of advice is to install Linux on your system after Windows is already installed. So, if you have an empty hard drive, install Windows first, then Linux. If you already have Windows installed, you’re clear to install Linux.When you install Linux after Windows, the Linux installer knows how to deal with Windows, resize its partition, and set up a boot loader with an option ALLOWING you to choose Windows at boot time.
1037.

Solve : Unrelated to last question but couldn't find documented?

Answer»

So when I installed ubuntu, I picked the encrypted LVM option. When I turn on my computer I get the first screen, but I cant type... So I restart and it boots to the second one... Is there a shortcut key or something I'm missing that will allow nr to type my password at the first screen?

[attachment deleted by admin to conserve space]Second screen


[attachment deleted by admin to conserve space]This is new to me. Here is a thing about the option...
What are the advantages/disadvantages of the new encryption feature in Ubuntu 13.10

Which version of Ubuntu?
Quote from: Geek-9pm on November 29, 2015, 06:39:32 PM

Which version of Ubuntu?
15.04 LTSAre you using a USB Keyboard to where there is a missing driver so the keyboard is non functional? If computer has a PS2 port you can try a PS2 type keyboard vs USB and see if that helps.In the future, when you start a thread please use a subject that tells everyone what the thread is about. THANK you.Quote from: DaveLembke on December 03, 2015, 08:58:02 AM
Are you using a USB Keyboard to where there is a missing driver so the keyboard is non functional? If computer has a PS2 port you can try a PS2 type keyboard vs USB and see if that helps.
No it is a ps2 keyboard, an old Dell RT7D00,
Quote from: Allan on December 03, 2015, 09:13:33 AM
In the future, when you start a thread please use a subject that tells everyone what the thread is about. Thank you.
Sorry about that. Is there an option for me to fix the subject that I'm not seeing?Your have to edit your post right away to fix a subject line. Before others start posting. I'd wipe the installation and go with a clean installation without encryption and see if system behaves. If it does, then try encryption again. Its possible to have a bad installation disc so DOWNLOAD a new ISO and burn that to disc or thumb drive and try again, otherwise it sounds like a quite possible bug with your hardware and the encryption feature. Ubuntu forums might help better if its a bug with a specific combination of hardware. They might direct you to a script or patch to run to gather more information or correct for this since its all open source and could be modified to correct or simply patch an issue.I started a thread over there.
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2305427
Good to see you already got a response there. The fact that you upgraded it FORWARD, they might suggest you go back to original LTS even though you said it was a problem from the beginning. The LTS support group may request this to compare apples to apples.

Best of luck. I will check on occasion to see what they suggest there. It has my curiosity since I too use Linux on some systems although primarily MintIt took me a while to get ubuntu set just how I want it.
I really don't want to go back and start over with a fresh install, but I might have too.
Before I go that far I will upgrade to 15.10 using
Code: [Select]sudo do-release-upgrade -dIt probably won't fix it, but maybe someone over there will help troubleshoot...My parents gave me an ssd for Christmas, so I am going to reinstall Ubuntu 15.10 from a USB drive. I will use the same options and I'll reply to this post with results.It seems to be working now...
Though I haven't installed the amd drivers yet.
1038.

Solve : Black Box in the middle?

Answer»

Hi, I just INSTALLED Kali Linux for the second time, but now when I switch on the computer, first the motherboard screen comes up(where it tells you to press f8 or f12 or just wait) and then a black box in the middle appears and just gets stuck there.Please include more information.
What computer do you have?
Have you used other Linux distros?

Quote

Kali Linux (formerly known as BackTrack) is a Debian-based distribution with a collection of security and forensics tools. It features TIMELY security updates, support for the ARM architecture, a choice of four popular desktop environments, and seamless upgrades to newer versions.
This bistro is still rather young.

But my first GUESS is you go a bad download of the ISO.
Try again.
1039.

Solve : find cause of slow Linux desktop??

Answer»

What are some possibilities of finding out why my PC is slow at times?
It sometimes HAPPENS despite it being not old at all and at times when there are no heavy programs running.
I did upgrade the kernel, but within the accepted risklevel, I think.
I also played around with swappiness a bit - the disk is SSD - and I tried very low values, but had to go back up (now at 40).
It is not just eg LibreOffice opening slowly and internet reacting late, but even when typing in terminal it takes some time before the letters show up - not a normal situation.

I used the command screenfetch to get the following info:
OS: Mint 17.3 rosa
Kernel: x86_64 Linux 3.19.0-32-generic
Shell: bash 4.3.11
Resolution: 2944x1080 (I use two monitors - I don't understand where the numbers come from, but I believe the big monitor is 1920x1080 or something like that?)
DE: Cinnamon 2.8.6
CPU: Intel Core i5-3470T CPU @ 3.6GHz
RAM: 4023MB / 7668MB

Any ideas where to start, other than the top command?
Not sure why you had to go in and reduce values. I'd back up your data and rebuild the OS fresh to the system if you were playing around like that. As far as kernels go, I stick to whichever kernel is released for that specific distro release. Going in and altering a kernel or replacing it with another is opening yourself up to problems. Why did you need to upgrade the kernel? I am assuming your running Mint 17.3 with a Kernel that didnt come with the original build?Quote from: DaveLembke on January 02, 2016, 10:26:22 AM

Not sure why you had to go in and reduce values. I'd back up your data and rebuild the OS fresh to the system if you were playing around like that. As far as kernels go, I stick to whichever kernel is released for that specific distro release. Going in and altering a kernel or replacing it with another is opening yourself up to problems. Why did you need to upgrade the kernel? I am assuming your running Mint 17.3 with a Kernel that didnt come with the original build?
Reducing the swappiness values was because of an article I read about SSD being better of with a lower value than the default 60. A lower value would write less to the disk, which is better for the longevity I understood.

I just checked in the Update Manager (the place in LinuxMint where one can find updates and also kernel upgrades) and it looks like at present the kernel 3.19.0-32 is supported, since apart from Installed, also Loaded and Recommended are ticked.
How does the system run without the advanced custom configuration after a clean install? And does the problem crop back up after a specific change to target what the exact cause is?Quote from: DaveLembke on January 03, 2016, 06:45:35 AM
How does the system run without the advanced custom configuration after a clean install? And does the problem crop back up after a specific change to target what the exact cause is?
The problem is not so big that it forces me to do a clean install, luckily. That is one thing I would like to avoid.
I can't pinpoint any specific action, program or such, that could be the cause Quote from: straffetoebak on January 03, 2016, 07:24:09 AM
...I can't pinpoint any specific action, program or such, that could be the cause
But I was told today that after an upgrade - in my case I had recently upgraded LinuxMint 17.1 to 17.3 - one is supposed to also do a Code: [Select]sudo apt-get dist-upgrade which I hadn't done till now.
It looks like this took care of whatever the problem was
Thanks for your posts DaveLembke - surely appreciated!Thanks for sharing the solution. When it comes to Linux builds I have always gone with FULL complete clean builds to avoid problems. Many years ago with Slackware and Redhat I had problems with upgrades, mainly with DRIVER problems such as video driver would go out to lunch and break in the upgrade. So I would have to then fight it out until I fixed it or just GIVE in and go with clean build in which everything works fine. I have been using Linux Mint since version 7, but never did a upgrade from one version to next, the upgrades were always clean installs to avoid version creep etc. I havent upgraded yet to 17.3 I am still on 17.2. With no need to be on 17.3 and games and all working fine on 17.2, I will probably wait for 18 before upgrade by clean build upgrade.
1040.

Solve : Autorun a sh file as user after login?

Answer»

I'm looking for a WAY to run a shell script as my USER (not as ROOT) or just auto LAUNCH a program automatically after I login. I can't seem to get it to work editing .profile
I'm USING Bunsen Labs (a continuation of Crunchbang) So its Debian 8 using LightDM. Any ideas?

1041.

Solve : installing Vector Linux on USB flash drive?

Answer»

I looked up how to install Vector Linux on a flash drive but need some help (my CD writer SEEMS to have just started failing). I'm going by http://forum.vectorlinux.com/index.php?PHPSESSID=bqoq3pte3m9k75ank3o9gvleh4&topic=5721.msg68396#msg68396. It seems an easy installation, so I got a utility to extract the image file. But I'm having problems and/or am missing SOMETHING:

1. I got ZipGenius 6, and extracted the image file to my flash drive. It will not extract all of the files, and behaves strangely. It doesn't extract the root directory files-- I did myself, but then there's who knows which others that are going to take too long to figure it out. There's very little documentation, but it is pretty straight-forward to use. I just tried another iso file and it also doesn't extract all of the files, most/the majority of them only. What is WRONG with this program?

2. I presume it has to be installed in the root directory of the stick drive?

3. The directory structure is different than when the post was written, but I found the script to execute (bootinst.sh). If I could get all the files extracted, how or with what OS/flavor do I execute this with, an existing Linux distro? I currently only have a LEGACY OS live CD (Puppy Linux), and I have to replace my fried CD writer before am able to burn anything else-- I'll be lucky if it still reads/boots discs okay.
I would try another archive/unarchiving program such as 7-zip.

From what I can tell ZipGenius is a Windows program so I'm guessing you are on Windows. If so then you cannot run the .sh script file at all. That forum post presumes that the user is using Linux on their system already, I think.

I was able to find linuxliveusb.com linked from answer in this StackOverflow question- it may be worth a try.It says in my profile info I'm using Win. Thanks for the link, the LiLi USB Creator seems a good program for creating bootable USB flash installs, and it handles all the steps in one. However, I tried using it, and also again created the AVG Recovery USB setup, which should be a reliable bootable flash drive install. It's not just my USB 2.0 adapter ports, but even the built-in USB 1.1 ports will not boot anything. And in BIOS it SHOWS just about every device imaginable to boot off, except USB. So at this point, I'm pretty sure my system cannot boot off any USB device . Unless there were to be something like a BIOS update that adds this capability... but somehow I think it'd take a bit more than that.

1042.

Solve : Cannot connect to apache2 using hostname from other devices?

Answer»

So I have lamp running on my desktop. I cannot connect to it from my PHONE unless I use its ip rather than its hostname.
http://hostname
doesn't work but
192.168.2.15 does.
Any ideas?
I think my iptables are screwed up buy idk.Why is it a problem? You got it to work.
I think I know how to fix this, but you will get better support from the Apache users. Check around on either the Ubuntu chat ROOM or on of the many Apache groups.
Try this:
http://www.apachelounge.com/
or
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/faq/support.html

The link below MIGHT be helpful if you already have some knowledge of Apache and are using either Debian or Ubuntu.
https://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/article/set-up-apache-virtual-hosts-on-ubuntu

Hope that is of some help.

1043.

Solve : Computer does not boot after Linux OS removed?

Answer»

I deleted the Hard DISK PARTITION CONTAINING Linux. After that, the Windows OS, which I had set to dual boot with Linux, does not boot. When I press start button in Laptop I get a message saying SOMETHING about Grub not found. I guess this happens because the Grub menu was deleted when I deleted the Linux partition. What can I do now?

Thank you

1044.

Solve : Dell Offers Ubuntu Flavor Laptop. What??

Answer»

This is based on an article post By GABE Carey — February 3, 2016
Quote

2015 was a wonderful year for computers, especially for Dell, whose XPS 13 laptop we recognized as the best of the year. And fortunately, the company is back for seconds with the “Project Sputnik” Developer Edition of the beloved notebook lineup — this time featuring the cult favorite Ubuntu Linux-based operating system.
... it will be the only compact Linux laptop using a Skylake chip from the top five PC makers.
Read more: http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/dell-ubunto-skylake-xps-13/#ixzz3zFo4mwXD

My question is:
How does one 'Flavor' a chip with a Linux Distro? They have offered laptops with Ubuntu preinstalled for quite some time. The only real advantage I see for it though is that Dell will officially provide support for the OS. Beyond that I tend not to bother them - The PRICE saving is minimal to non-existent and having a Windows licence on a machine is good to have even if you don't plan on using it - I tend to rotate laptops regularly selling the old one, while I run Linux on mine full time, trying to sell a laptop WITHOUT a Windows licence is a lot harder and you'd often have to take a hit on the price. Nowadays it's not like you need to buy a specific Linux laptop for it to work properly - As long as you are relatively careful and stick with hardware that is known to be reliable under Linux (sticking with Intel networking for example) it'll most likely be fine.Quote
My question is:
How does one 'Flavor' a chip with a Linux Distro?

I'd prefer a system with a Boot ROM with a GUI OS on it that references to a hard drive or SSD for programs and personal data if thats what your asking... similar to how the Playstation 3 is with its Boot ROM that allows for you to perform a hard drive upgrade by simply removing the smaller drive and installing a larger drive and on boot the Boot ROM detects the change and fact that the hard drive needs to be formatted and it formats it and then its ready to use. When connected to playstation network your able to download games you already purchased etc.

A protected Boot ROM requiring a jumper or switch to be set on the motherboard would be the best. This way its read only until jumper or switch is changed and so no malware or hackers can target to overwrite or alter the Boot ROM.

A Boot ROM with Linux using a Live Distro with scripts on it to detect and target prior installation of programs and data would work well. However, one of the key strengths of Linux is that its always evolving and patched for problems, whereas a BootROM would LOCK that system down to possibly never ever being updated for its OS ever again and so an exploit would require a re-flash of the BootROM etc.

For now I have been using Linux Mint 17.2 installed to USB Sticks. It works well and isnt that bad for boot time and lag when launching applications. I have 4 laptops running off of some 4GB USB Flash Sticks running Linux Mint 17.2 and used for processing number crunching on the laptops for BOINC. I have also tested use of a Linux system to go without SSD or HDD and only USB Flash and even some games ported for Linux run quite well on it. So when I travel I bring the DVD discs to rebuild my laptop if it has a problem now as well as I bring a 16GB USB stick with we so that if the hard drive CRASHED I wouldnt be without a computer when away from home. Simply insert the stick and boot the system and it boots to Linux mint and everything works perfectly fine even if the internal hard drive is shot. Wifi and all with no problems and if I really wanted to get creative I can even run Windows based software or games through WINE.
1045.

Solve : Linux hardware requirements?

Answer»

Is there a web page where I can see the Hardware requirements for all Linux Distros. Where I can check all Distros, in the same place, preferably in a tabulated format.

Thank YOUTHIS is not what you asked for. But it is close.
Some distros require modern hardware, others do not.

Linux Distributions; FAQ


Quote

: If you are new to Linux, you should start by buying or downloading a general-purpose Linux DISTRIBUTION. A distribution is a complete operating system, including the Linux kernel and all the utilities and software you are likely to need, READY to install and use. Most distributions include thousands of software packages, including user-friendly desktops, office SUITES, and games.
Many distros allow a 'live' demo mode that does not use hard drive space.
You could start with Linux MINT to see how it performs on your system.Quote from: floccinaucini on October 25, 2015, 02:58:33 PM
Is there a web page where I can see the Hardware requirements for all Linux Distros. Where I can check all Distros, in the same place, preferably in a tabulated format.

Thank you

FAQ with general system requirements

Live CD list of primarily Linux & some BSD
Thank you for this update. There are 2 things I don't understand. In the live CD list some are listed as only [Desktop], while others are listed as both [Desktop][OS Installation]. Could you please clarify this? Also, some CDs have the added function [Rescue] included. Is it that they can also be used to rescue a failed or un-bootable OS (a different OS)?

RegardsI haven't tried loads of them just yet, but it's my understanding if it says the purpose shows only "Desktop", it would be only the live version, and probably not include a built-in means of installing to HDD. And if it mentions "OS Installation", it is set up to install to hard disk. But, even the live-only ones likely can be installed with some third-party helper software, and/or manually by the technically inclined. For instance, many Linux versions are supported by LinuxLive USB Creator for installing them to any USB drive.

IIRC the ones showing "rescue" are specifically designed for repairing failed/unbootable Windows. In my experience, some of these live Linux distros may not be full Linux distros (likely ones showing only the rescue function) but mainly tailored to the rescue purpose.
1046.

Solve : smb.conf?

Answer»

Hey!

Sorry if this is in the wrong section.

I am trying to edit the configuration of a GoFlex Home by Seagate.

I was following this guide http://goflexhome.blogspot.co.uk/2015/11/protect-public-folder.html. I want to allow a USER access to TWO "paths", for example Share/FolderOne and Share/FolderTwo without allowing them access to the entire share.
Is this possible?

Thank you in advance!Not sure if this will help any but here is a situation I DEALT with.

Last time I had a situation like this I changed the directory structure to act like a wall such as

Datalocation->
- Folder 1 -> Access to users
- Folder 2 -> Access to users
- Folder 3 -> Confidential Data BEYOND this POINT ( set CHMOD ) to disallow access to all files here to those who shouldnt have access

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chmod
Quote from: DaveLembke on February 12, 2016, 09:34:00 AM

Not sure if this will help any but here is a situation I dealt with.

Last time I had a situation like this I changed the directory structure to act like a wall such as

Datalocation->
- Folder 1 -> Access to users
- Folder 2 -> Access to users
- Folder 3 -> Confidential Data beyond this point ( set CHMOD ) to disallow access to all files here to those who shouldnt have access

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chmod


I've gone with this but instead using invalid users. Thank you!
1047.

Solve : egrep regular expression to remove a matching line?

Answer»

To my way of thinking,

Code: [Select]EGREP -x -e '(.*errorlog.txt.*){0}' dir.txt
should remove a line containing "errorlog.txt" (anywhere in the line) from the INPUT file. But it is not so. If fact, it matches only the line containing "errorlog.txt".

Can I utilize egrep to accomplish this task, and if so, what regular expression must I USE?

THANKS in advance.

1048.

Solve : What linux distro to get for programmer/pentester?

Answer»

My computer has 8Gbts of RAM, intel i5, and 500Gbt SSD. In other words, i don't need a light weight like puppy linux or lubuntu. I will be programming in multiple languages, such as C, C++, JAVA, Python. It also need to support proxy and tor browsers as WELL. I also would like to have metasploit, wireshark, and other pentesters on it as well. I know that kali linux has many of those features, but kali linux is installed as a liveCD, and i want to just do a fresh OS installation. I don't have a preference for GUIs, i dont care if its window's friendly, as long as it does not resemble MAC OS X. I am familiar with GNOME, but dont care if its KDE or another environment.
On another note, i HATE firefox, and chrome is my preferred browser

I've heard of arch linux and its customizability, and it sounds interesting, but I am newer to linux and i don't know if it will be too difficult.
I also have been recommended Mint, but i am skeptical that it will perform smoothly with all the packages that i will install.
I don't care for Zorin either because i don't need it to be windows friendly
ubuntus is alright, but i don't need it to be that user friendly
fedora sounds fine
debian seems to be able to handle the software that ill be running, but i might have to try debian testing or debian unstable if the software is out of date

These are the ones that i have heard of, but i do not know which will fit my specific needs. I am new to linux, but i am a FAST learner and do not neccesarily need a beginner distro. I've done a bunch of my own research, but would like to hear from actual linux users. Thanks!
If you are just getting started I'd suggest sticking with something such as Ubuntu/Mint/Fedora - There's big communities around them with loads of support. I'd always go for a distro like that instead of going for some random distro someone threw together which will have very limited support and information. Don't worry about what software a specific distro comes with, you can change absolutely everything to suit your needs.

In the end, it's Linux, it's completely customisable to what you want - If you don't like the desktop environment you can totally rip it out and put something different in. There is no point discounting a distro just because it's seen as "beginner friendly", that's a good thing! Arch is great but you would really be best to start off with something simpler to get familiar with how Linux works, with Arch things WILL break and you WILL need to work out how to fix them .

Personally, I run Debian Sid (the unstable, rolling release. This is a similar idea to Arch). I then installed everything on top manually including i3 as my window manager of choice. This is not the sort of set up I'd recommend for someone just starting out though, it takes a lot of work to get everything working, a lot of manual tweaking is required. Then, when things break, you are basically on your own when it comes to fixing it. I ran Arch in the past with both i3 and KDE and really liked it - I just fancied giving Debian Sid a go for a change. That said, I certainly didn't start off running a crazy custom setup, the first time I ran Linux as my main OS I used either Fedora or Ubuntu (can't remember which first).

The best advice I can give is to just download several different distros and see what you like best - In the end it comes entirely down to personal preference.Don't underestimate the value of the Ubuntu community. Even if you are using another bistro, they can answer many question you have about Linux programming.

Here is a link relevant to the question.
http://www.tecmint.com/10-linux-distributions-and-their-targeted-users/
Quote

Do you know from where does the power of Linux comes from? Well Linux is getting richer everyday with the presence of so much distros and every distro possessing a large group of users and developers working voluntarily on the project. Linux distributions come in all shapes and sizes, and they’re aimed at addressing every conceivable need. This article aims at briefing why a CERTAIN distro exist, who are the targeted user of the distro, and what special features it has as compared to its’ counterpart.

Take a look at Fedora.

1049.

Solve : Need help writing a code in UNIX?

Answer»

I'm writing a UNIX shell script and I need to write a code USING a text file. For each LINE in the text file, the THIRD field RANGES from 2 through 6.

2=Sparkling, 3=Foritified, 4=Sweet, 5=White, and 6=Red. I need to make it so that if the third field is a 2, it WOULD add 1 to the counter "Sparkling" and so on. How can I do this? Thank you for any help

1050.

Solve : Top 10 Most Popular Linux Distros of 2015.?

Answer»

Any newbie to Linux may fin this list helpful. The link is to tecmint, just one of many sties that focus on Linux. I would recommend any newbie to look over this list before hosing your first Linux experience.
http://www.tecmint.com/10-top-most-popular-linux-distributions-of-2015/

It comes as no surprise that Ubuntu, Linux Mint and Debian are in the top three. When a Linux version becomes popular, there should be more users who will help you on one of the forums set on one version.

Of special note is # 10 on the list. Elementary OS. Never heard of it. They say:
Quote

Advertised by its developers as “a fast and open replacement for Windows and OS X”, this nice-looking Ubuntu LTS-based desktop Linux distribution was first made available in 2011 and is currently on its third stable release (codename “Freya“).
Since elementary OS is based on Ubuntu, it is totally compatible with its repositories and packages. However, an application manager of its own is, at the time of this writing under development. ...
But they want you to contribute money. What?
Anybody here with personal experience to share? My choices for Linux are mainly

1.) Mint
2.) Ubuntu
3.) FEDORA

I have tried many different ones. Years ago I used Linspire for a short while, but when a friend told me to try Linux Mint version 6 Felicia I WAS HOOKED to MINT!

I started off first with mandrake many many years ago around 1998. Then friend gave me Red Hat 6 around 1999 which was a pain to get running mainly driver madness issues trying to get everything to work and when I finally got it to work with 800 x 600 vs 640 x 480 it was finally usable. Then Lindows came out where Walmart and OTHERS were selling low cost Celeron systems with Lindows and I almost bought one, but didnt. Instead I found out that I could get Linspire a later generation of Lindows for free and so I tried that out and it installed so much easier than Red Hat ever was to install but was still lacking driver support for INK jet PRINTERS and more. It was pretty much useful to those who wanted to web surf and check e-mail but wasnt a gamer. Then I was introduced to Linux Mint 6 by my canadian friend when I was complaining about there not being a good Windows-Like Linux distro. he said you havent checked out MINT? I was like no why... he said download Mint 6 and burn to a CD-R and tell me how you like it. I tried it out and loved it. Yet again a easy installation, good performance, and plenty of supported drivers and software. Installed WINE and even had windows based software running. Then a college project had me having to use Fedora and I used Fedora Core 5 because I needed to have a Red Hat based build and Fedora was as close as you can get without spending money. Then tried Ubuntu because Mint is based on Ubuntu, but I felt this draw to sticking with Mint vs using Ubuntu. In Mint everything for me is better, so I stuck with it. I still occasionally download a newer version of Fedora and Ubuntu to check on their changes. Fedora came a long way since Fedora Core 5. I was amazed that on a laptop with a wireless adapter it found the wireless adapter installed the correct drivers and all I needed to do was give the information to it to connect to a secured wifi. And this was running a Live Version of Fedora Version 17 on a 4GB USB Stick. But even with Fedora far better than it was years ago, I still feel that Mint is the distro for me.

A long time ago I bought a USB stick for $3.95 that was a 1GB stick that had CentOS 6 on it. I figured it was worth it as for if I didnt like it I would just format the 1GB stick and use it as a 1GB stick vs live CentOS 6 thumb drive. Well I ended up not really having a need for CentOS 6 and so I formatted the 1GB stick and was surprised at how slow the write process is to the USB stick. It was a cheap 1GB stick that I guess had a fast read rate, but slow write rate. So I guess I got my $3.95 worth of performance in a slow 1GB stick when writing data to it.

I really wish that Linux had a DirectX vs stuck with OpenGL as for thats what I feel is holding back most gamers from Linux use.DaveLembke, Thanks for adding content value to this thread.
Yes, many would like Linux to be more like Windows.

But.. did you see this from last month?
Microsoft embraces Linux -- way too late -InfoWorld
Quote
The fact that Microsoft now supports SQL Server on Linux isn’t really a technical development -- it’s a business move. Fortunately for Microsoft, the Ballmer blinders are gone, and the company can see that Linux is the OS of choice for our cloud future, not Windows. Microsoft lost that battle a long time ago. Not surprisingly, the Azure cloud folks have taken the lead in pushing Microsoft toward supporting Linux (and other open source cloud-related technologies, including Docker, Kubernetes, and various NoSQL databases
Yes, if you spend a LOT of time on the Internet or in a cloud, Linux works very well. Maybe even better than t Windows.