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4101.

Name the Ions whose presence makes the water hard.

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SOLUTION :CALCIUM `(CA^(2+))` and magnesium `(Mg^(2+))` IONS.
Discussion
4102.

Name the ion which is used for balancing the hydrogen atom in acidic medium.

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ANSWER :`H^(+)`
Discussion
4103.

Name the intermolecular forces responsible for liquid state of water.

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SOLUTION :HYDROGEN BOND
Discussion
4104.

Name the hormones responsible for the following i) Excess production causes gigantism ii) Causes changes in the body during emergency. iii) Induces wilting of leaves iv) Target site is heart muscles, diaphragm and skin.

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SOLUTION :i) GROWTH hormone i) Adernaline III) Abscisic acid IV) Oxytocin
Discussion
4105.

Name the given structure. What is its general function ? Mention the function of the parts labelled as A and B. These structures in animals are said to be more efficient to give quick responses. Why ?

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Solution :Reflex arc : The pathway taken by nerve impulses in a reflex action is called the reflex arc. It gives sudden action in response to the event happening in the environment.
A : sensory neuron : Carries IMPULSE from receptor to spinal cord.
B : Effector Responds to stimulus.
Function of reflex are : It acts on the impulse EVEN before it reaches the BRAIN.
Reflex arc develop in some animals where THINKING process of brain was not fast enough. lt functions in the case of emergency and THUS saves the animal from danger.
Discussion
4106.

Name the geometry involved in sp_(3)d hybridization.

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SOLUTION :TRIGONAL BIPYRAMID
Discussion
4107.

Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal ? Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this gas ?

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Solution :Hydrogen GAS
When zinc reacts with DILUTE hydrochloric acid, COLOURLES gas with POP up sound in EVOLVED.
`2HCL+Zn to ZnCl_2+H_2 uparrow`
Discussion
4108.

Name the gases that are burnt as a mixture for welding. .

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SOLUTION :ACETYLENE and OXYGEN.
Discussion
4109.

Name the gas usually liberated when a dilute acid reacts with a metal. What happens when a burning candle is brought near this gas?

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SOLUTION :`H_2`gas is LIBERATED . It BURNS with pop sound when BURNING candle is brought near the gas.
Discussion
4110.

The gas evolved when zinc reacts with dilture HCl is

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SOLUTION :HYDROGEN .
Discussion
4111.

When zinc metal is heated with caustic soda solution, the gas evolved is

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SOLUTION :HYDROGEN .
Discussion
4112.

Name the gas liberated when an acid reacts with metallic carbonate. Write the chemical equation of the reaction when this gas is passed through lime water. What is the colour of the precipitate obtained in this reaction ?

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Solution :When an ACID reacts with metallic CARBONATE , carbon dioxide gas is LIBERATED. When carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime WATER, calcium carbonate is produced as a WHITE precipitate. The chemical equation is :
`Ca(OH)_(2)(aq) + CO_(2)(g) rarr CaCO_(3)(s) + H_(2)O`.
Discussion
4113.

Name the gas evolved when zinc reacts with dil. HCI

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SOLUTION : HYDROGEN GAS is EVOLVED.
Discussion
4114.

Name the gas evolved when sodium metal is added to acetic acid.

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SOLUTION :HYDROGEN .
Discussion
4115.

Name the gas evolved when sodium hydrogen carbonate is made to react with dilute hydrochloric acid. How will you test the gas?

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SOLUTION :CARBON dioxide `(CO_2)`
Pass this GAS to lime water, it TURNS lime water milky.
Discussion
4116.

Name the gas evolved when lead nitrate is heated.

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SOLUTION :NITROGEN DIOXIDE and OXYGEN GAS
Discussion
4117.

Name the gas evolved when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate. How would you identify this gas?

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Solution :The gas evolved is carbon DIOXIDE `(CO_(2))`. The reaction is as FOLLOWS:
`underset("Ethanoic ACID")(2CH_(3)COOH)+underset("carbonate")underset("Sodium")(Na_(2)CO_(3)) to underset("ethanoate")underset("Sodium")(2CH_(3)COONA)+underset("dioxide")underset("Carbon")(CO_(2))+underset("WATER")(H_(2)O)`
When this gas is passed through lime water, it turns milky. The milky colour of lime water confirms that the gas is carbon dioxide `(CO_(2))`.
Discussion
4118.

Ferrous sulphate on heating gives:

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SOLUTION :The gas EVOLVED is SULPHUR DIOXIDE (`SO_(2))` , which is toxic and poisonous .
Discussion
4119.

Name the gas evolved when dilute HCl reacts sodium hydrogen carbonate. How is it recognised ?

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Solution :`CO_2` gas is evolved . The reaction is as follows :
`underset("hydrogencarbonate")underset("Sodium")(NaHCO_3(s))+underset("chloride")underset("Hydrogen")(HCl(aq))rarrunderset("chloride")underset("Sodium")(NaCl(aq))+underset("Water")(H_(2)O(L))+underset("dioxide")underset("Carbon")(CO_2)UARR`
When the PRODUCED gas is passed through lime water , lime water milky which confirms that the evolved gas is `CO_2` .
`underset(("Lime water"))underset("Calcium hydroxide")(Ca(OH)_(2)(aq))+CO_(2)(g) rarrunderset("Precipitate")underset("White")(CaCO_(3)(s))+H_(2)O(l)`
Discussion
4120.

Name the gas evolved when acetic acid is treated with sodium bicarbonate.

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SOLUTION :CARBON DIOXIDE.
Discussion
4121.

Name the funtional groups present in each of the following compounds : (i)CH_(3)-CO-CH_(2)-CH_(3) (ii)CH_(3)-CH_(2)-COOH (iii)CH_(3)-CHO (iv) CH_(3)-CH_(2)OH

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Solution :(i) Carbonyl group (-CO-)
(II) CARBOXYL group (-COOH)
(III)Aldehyde group (-CHO)
(iv) Alcoholic group (-OH)
Discussion
4122.

Name the functional groups present in the following compounds: (a) CH_(3)COCH_(2)CH_(2)CH_(2)CH_(3) "" (b) CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)COOH (c) CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CHO "" (d) CH_3CH_2OH

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Solution :AJ Ketone.b] CARBOXYLIC ACID.
C] Aldehyde. d] Alcohol.
Discussion
4123.

Name the functional group which always occurs in the middle of a carbon chain.

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Solution :Ketonic group always OCCURS in the MIDDLE of a CARBON CHAIN.
Discussion
4124.

Name the functional group present in each of the following compounds: (a) HCOOH "" (b) C_2H_5CHO "" (c) CH_3COCH_3

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Solution :a] Carboxylic ACID. `""` B] ALDEHYDE. `""` c) Ketone.
Discussion
4125.

Name the functional group present in CH_(3)COCH_(3) and state the name of this compound.

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Answer :FUNCTIONAL GROUP: KETONE, NAME of the compound PROPANONE.
Discussion
4126.

Name the functional group of each of CH_3OH, CH_3COOH and CH_3 CHO

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SOLUTION :`CH_3OH` = ALCOHOL , `CH_3COOH` = CARBOXYLIC ACID , `CH_3CHO` = ALDEHYDE
Discussion
4127.

Name the functional group present in carboxylic acids.

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Solution :CARBOXYL group (-COOH) is the functional grouppresent in CARBOXYLIC acids.
Discussion
4128.

Name the functional group of organic compounds that can be hydrogenated .With the help of a suitable example explain the process of hydrogenation , mentioning the conditions of the reaction and any one change in physical property with the formation of the product. Name any one natural source of organic compounds that are hydrogenated

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Solution :The functional group which can be easily hydrogenated is . BOND. The family is known as alkenes. The hydrogenation reaction can be carried by heating a member of the family (e.g. ethane) with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst like NICKEL (Ni) for EXAMPLE.
`underset("Ethene")(CH_(2)=CH_(2))+H_(2)(g)underset(573K)overset(Ni)tounderset("Ethane")(CH_(3)-CH_(3))`
Ethene is an unsaturated HYDROCARBON while ethane is of saturted nature.
Edible oils such as coconut oil, peanut oil etc. contain atleast one bond in their molecules. These are regarded as unsaturated compounds. Upon hydrogenation, these get converted into fats which no longer contain any bond.
Discussion
4129.

Name the fourth member of alkene series.

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Solution :FOURTH member is PENTENE `(C_(5)H_(10))`.
Discussion
4130.

Name the following The process of heating an ore to a high temperature in the presence of air.

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SOLUTION :ROASTING
Discussion
4131.

Name the following The compound formed by the reaction between calcium oxide and silica.

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SOLUTION :CALCIUM SILICATE
Discussion
4132.

Name the following : (i) Metal, which is preserved in kerosene. (ii) A lustrous coloured non-metal. (iii) A metal, which can melt while kept on palm. (iv) A metal, which is a poor conductor of heat.

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Solution :(i) Sodium
(ii) IODINE
(iii) GALLIUM or CESIUM
LEAD or mercury.
Discussion
4133.

Name the following compounds : (i) CH_(3)-CH_(2)-OH, (ii) CH_(3)-overset(H)overset(|)(H)C=O

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ANSWER :(i) ETHANOL, (II) ETHANAL.
Discussion
4134.

Name the following compounds: CH_(3)-overset(H)overset(|)C=O

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SOLUTION :ETHANAL
Discussion
4135.

Name the following compounds: CH_(3)-CH_(2)-OH

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SOLUTION :ETHANOL
Discussion
4136.

Name the following compound : (i) H-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C )-overset(O)overset(||)(C )-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C )-H"" (ii) H-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C )-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C )-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C )-overset(H)overset(|)(C )=O (iii) H-overset(O)overset(||)(C )-OH

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Solution :`H-underset(H)underset(|)OVERSET(H) overset(|)C-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H) overset(|)C-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H) overset(|)C-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H) overset(|)C-C-=C-H`
1-Hexyne is iupal name of the compound.
Discussion
4137.

Name the following An ore of zinc containing its sulphide.

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SOLUTION :ZINC BLENDE
Discussion
4138.

Name the following: A salt insoluble in cold water but soluble in hot water.

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SOLUTION :LEAD CHLORIDE, `PbCl_(2)`
Discussion
4139.

Name the following A metal which is a liquid at room temperature and is isolated by heating its ore .

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SOLUTION :MERCURY
Discussion
4140.

Name the following: A normal salt and its corresponding acid salt.

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Solution :(a) SODIUM SULPHATE, `Na_(2)SO_(4)`
(B) Sodium hydrogen sulphate, `NaHSO_(4)`
Discussion
4141.

Name the following A compound which is added to lower the fusion temperature of the electrolytic bath in the extraction of aluminium .

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SOLUTION :CRYOLITE
Discussion
4142.

Name the following: A base which is not alkali, and a base which is alkali.

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Solution :(a) COPPER (II) OXIDE, CUO
(b) Sodium oxide, `Na_(2)O`
Discussion
4143.

Name the first two elements of group 17.

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SOLUTION : FLUORINE (F) and CHLORINE (CL)
Discussion
4144.

Name the first member of alkynes and write its molecular formula.

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SOLUTION :ETHYNE or ACETYLENE - `C_2H_2`.
Discussion
4145.

Name the first and second elements of groups 14.

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SOLUTION :CARBON (C) and SILICON (SI)
Discussion
4146.

Name the first and last element in period 2

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SOLUTION :SODIUM (NA) and ARGON (AR)
Discussion
4147.

Name the elements which have the smallest and the largest atoms.

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SOLUTION :Na (Sodium) has smallest ATOM and CS (CAESIUM) has the largest atom.
Discussion
4148.

Name the elements present in the first period.

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SOLUTION :HYDROGEN and HELIUM.
Discussion
4149.

Name the elements Newlands started and ended the classification of elements.

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SOLUTION :HYDROGEN and THORIUM
Discussion
4150.

Name the elements in the modern periodic table having lowest and highest atomic radii.

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SOLUTION :He and FR
Discussion