Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

The temperature of heavy water is increased from 4^@C to 14^@C . Then the correct statement is

Answer»

Its density GRADUALLY increases
Its density gradually DECREASES
Its density first decreases from `4^@C`to `11.6^@C`and there after increases
Its density first increase from `4^@C`to `11.6^@C`and there after decrease

Answer :D
2.

What is the equilibrium concentration of each of the substances in the equilibrium when the initial concentration of ICl was 0.78 M ? 2ICl_((g)) hArr I_(2(g)) + Cl_(2(g)) , K_c=0.14

Answer»

SOLUTION :`{:("Equilibrium reaction :", 2ICl_((g)) hArr , I_(2(g)) + , Cl_(2(g)), K_c=0.14),("Initial concentration:",0.78 M, 0,0),("Change in reaction :", -2x M , +X M, x M),("Concen. at equilibrium [M] :", (0.78-2x) , x, x):}`
This EXPRESSION of equilibrium constant `K_c` for this reaction
`K_c=([I_2][Cl_2])/([ICl]^2)=((x)(x))/((0.78-2x))`
`therefore 0.14=x^2/(0.78-2x)^2`
`therefore sqrt0.14 =x/(0.78-2x)`
`therefore` 0.3742(0.78-2x)=x
`therefore` 0.2918-0.7484 x= x
`therefore` 1.7484 x = 0.2918
`therefore x=0.2918/1.7484`=0.1669 M `approx` 1.67 M
So, at equilibrium [ICl] = 0.78-2x
=0.78-2(0.1669)
=0.78-0.3338=0.4462 M
At equilibrium `[I_2]=[Cl_2]` = x= 0.1669 M
3.

What is the reaction given below, called ? H_(2)O_((l)) + H_(2)O_((l)) hArr H_(3)O_((aq))^(+) + OH_((aq))^(-)

Answer»

Hydrolysis of water
Hydration of water
Disproportionation of water
Auto - protolysis of water

Solution :The reaction in which two molecules of the same species REACT to give ions by proton transfer is KNOWN as auto-protolysis or self ionisation. In this reaction, proton from one `H_(2)O` molecule is transferred to another `H_(2)O` molecule.
`H_(2)O_((l))+H_(2)O_((l))HATT H_(3)O_((AQ))^(+)+OH_((aq))^(-)`
4.

The unsaturated element among the following is

Answer»

C
Pb
Ge
Si

Solution :The penultimate shells of C,Si and Ge can accommodate 2,8 and 18 ELECTRONS. These shells of these elements are saturated. While in tin and lead punulmate shells can accommodate 32 and 50 electrons RESPECTIVELY,HENCE, these are unsaturated . Thus, tin and lead are unsaturated elements.
5.

What are the oxidation number of the underlined elements in each of the following and how do you rationalise your results? ul(C)H_(3)ul(C)OOH

Answer»

Solution :The average O.N. of C in `CH_(3)COOH` can be calculated as follows.
`overset(x+1)(CH_(3))overset(x-2)(CO)overset(-2+1)(OH)`
`(x)+[(+1)xx3]+(x)+[(-2)xx2]+(+1)=0`
or
Let us CONSIDER the STRUCTURE of `CH_(3)COOH`,
`H-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|2)C-overset(O)overset(||1)C-O-H`
`C_(2)` is attached to three H atoms and one -COOH group (ON. = -1).
`:.` For this carbon,
`[(+1)xx3]+(x)+(-1)=0`
or x=-2
`C_(1)` is attached to one -OH group (O.N. = -1), one o atom (O.N. = -2) and one- `CH_(3)` group (O.N,=+1). Therefore, for `C_(1)`.
`(+1)+(x)+(-2)+(-1)=0`
or x=+2.
6.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. Which of the following does not reflect the periodicity of elements ?

Answer»

BONDING behaviour
electronegativity
IONISATION POTENTIAL
neutron-proton ratio.

Answer :D
7.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. Which of the following has least ionization potential ?

Answer»

Li
CS
Cl
I.

Answer :B
8.

What is the actual order of acidicity of following compounds ? CO_(2) , CuO, CaO, H_(2) O

Answer»

`CAO lt CUO lt H_(2)O lt CO_(2)`
`CuO lt CaO lt H_(2)O lt CO_(2)`
`H_(2)O lt CO_(2) lt CuO lt CuO `
`CaO lt H_(2)O lt CuO lt CO_(2)`

ANSWER :b
9.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. The most electronegative element in the periodic table is

Answer»

NITROGEN
OXYGEN
CHLORINE
fluorine

Answer :D
10.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. Which of the following ions has the smallest radius?

Answer»

`CL^(-)`
`S^(2-)`
`K^(+)`
`CA^(2+)`

ANSWER :D
11.

Two gases X and Y, one being the dimer of other are at equilibrium. Increase of volume at constant temperature or increase of temperature at constant pressure favours the formation of more Y. The reaction could not be represented by:

Answer»

`2XhArrY+Q` CALORIES
`2XhArrY-Q` calories
`2YhArrX-Q` calories
`2YhArrX+Q` calories

Answer :A::B::C
12.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. Which of the following is isoelectronic with carbon atom?

Answer»

`Na^(+)`
`Al^(3+)`
`O^(2-)`
`N^(+)`

Answer :D
13.

What is redox reaction ? Explain its uses.

Answer»

Solution :Changes of oxidation number of reactants in chemical reaction is known as redox reaction. Redox reaction is combination of oxidation and reduction reaction.
Uses : (i) These reactions find extensive use in pharmaceutical, BIOLOGICAL, industrial, metallurgical and AGRICULTURAL areas. (ii) Uses in proffesional purposes and in different types of fuel. (iii) Uses in industrial preparation of NaOH. (iv) Operation of dry and wet BATTERIES. (v) Electro-chemical PROCESSES for EXTRACTION of highly reactive metals and non-metals. (vi) In production of hydrogen. (vii) Devolopment of ozone hole in zone layer.
14.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. Which of the following electronic configuration would exhibit the lowest first ionization energy?

Answer»

`1s^(2)`
`1s^(2)2s^(2)2P^(2)`
`1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)`
`1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3S^(1)`

Answer :D
15.

What type of substances would make better permanent magnets, ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic Justify your answer.

Answer»

Solution :Ferromagnetic SUBSTANCES make better permanent magnets. This is because the METAL ions of a ferromagnetic substance are grouped into small regions called 'domains'. Each domain acts as a tiny magnet. These domains are randomly oriented. When the substance is placed in a magnetic field, all the domains get oriented in the DIRECTION of magnetic field and a strong magnetic field is PRODUCED. This ordering of domains persists even when the EXTERNAL magnetic field is removed. Hence, the ferromagnetic substance becomes a permanent magnet.
16.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. Which of the following has the highest electron gain enthalpy?

Answer»

`LI^(+)`
`NA^(+)`
`F^(-)`
`CL^(-)`

ANSWER :A
17.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. Consider the isoelectronic series K^+, S^(2-), CI^- and Ca^(2+), the radius of the ions decreases as

Answer»

`Ca^(2+) gtK^(+) GT Cl^(-) gt S^(2-)`
`Cl^(-) gt S^(2-) gt K^(+) gt Ca^(2+)`
`S^(2-) gt Cl^(-) gt K^(+) gt Ca^(2+)`
`K^(+) gt Ca^(2+) gt S^(2-) Cl^(-)`

ANSWER :C
18.

What is the formula, name and molecular mass of compound. Which obtain by estimation of phosphorus?

Answer»

SOLUTION :`Mg_(2)P_(2)O_(7)`, Magnesium pyrophosphate 222g `(NH_(4))_(3) PO_(4) 12MoO_(3)`, Ammonium phosphor-molybdate 1187g
19.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. Tick the correct order of second ionization enthalpy in the following

Answer»

FgtOgtNgtC
OgtFgtNgtC
OgtNgtFgtC
CgtNgtOgtF

Answer :B
20.

Which one is carcinogens ?

Answer»

`CO_2`
HYDROCARBON
`NO_2`
`CO`

SOLUTION :Hydrocarbon
21.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. The incorrect statement among the following is

Answer»

The first ionization potential of AL is less than the first ionization potential of Mg
The SECOND ionization potetial of Mg is greater than the second ionization potential of NA
The first ionization potential of Na is less than the first ionization potential of Mg
The third ionization potential of Mg is greater than the third ionization potential of Al.

Answer :B
22.

What are the common physical and chemical features of alkali metals?

Answer»

Solution :ALKALI metals have low ionization enthalpies
.Alkali metals are highly electropositive in nature.
Alkali metals EXHIBIT +1 OXIDATION states in their compounds
Alkali metals impart characteristic colours to the flame. Chemical PROPERTIES of alkali metals:
Alkali metals are highly reactive in nature.
(ii) Alkali metals hydroxides are highly BASIC in nature.
(iii) Alkali metals dissolve in liquid ammonia to form blue and conducting solution
23.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. The outermost electronic configuration of the most electronegative element is

Answer»

`ns^(2)np^(3)`
`ns^(2)np^(4)`
`ns^(2)np^(5)`
`ns^(2)np^(6)`

ANSWER :C
24.

What is point dipole?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Theatomictheoryof matterwas firstproposedon afirmscientificbasisbyJohnDaltonaBritishschoolteacherin 1808Hittheory.calledDalton atomicthoery regardedthe atomasthe ultimateparticleof MATTER .
25.

There are certain properties of the elements which vary (increase or decrease) gradually in the same period or group with increase in atomic number. These properties of elements which show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group are called periodic properties. The recurrence of similar properties of elements after certain regular intervals when they are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers is called periodicity valency, atomic/ Some of the properties such as ionic size, ionization enthalpies, electro-negativity, electron gain enthalpy, oxidizing/educing power, acid/base character etc. are directly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. On the other hand, there are some properties such as etc. which are indirectly related to the electronic configuration of the elements. The cause of repetition of similar electronic configuration of their atoms in valence shells after regular intervals melting points, density Down the group, the atomic/ionic radii, metallic character and valencing character increase whereas ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity decrease. Across a right, period from left to atomic/ionic radii and metallic character decrease whereas ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, non-metallic character and oxidizing power increase. In general, electron gain enthalpy decreases i.e., becomes less negative bottom in a group. Across a period from left to right there is an over all increase in the electron gain enthalpies (i.e., it becomes more negative). However most gases have positive electron gain enthalpies which do not show any regular trend. The increasing order of the atomic radius for the elements Na, Rb, K and Mg is

Answer»

NaltKltMgltRb
KltNaltMgltRb
NaltMgMKltRb
MgltNaltKltRb

Answer :D
26.

Water is a

Answer»

SOLUTION :AMPHOTERIC
27.

The value of Planck's constant is 6.63 xx 10^(-34)Js. The speed of light is 3xx 10^(17) nm s^(-1). Which value is closest to the wavelength in nanometer of a quantum of light with frequency of 6 xx 10^(15) s^(-1) ?

Answer»

10
25
50
75

Solution :`v = (C)/(LAMDA) or lamda = (c)/(v) = (3 xx 10^(17) nm s^(-1))/(6 xx 10^(15) X^(-1)) = 50 nm`
28.

What is hydrogenation? Give one example.

Answer»

SOLUTION :Hydrogenation is a reaction in which addition of hydrogen to an alkene/ alkyne. Com containing multiple bonds.
`H_(2)C=CH_(2(g))+H_(2(g))toH_(3)C-CH_(3(g))`
29.

The standard enthalpies of formation of H_(2)O_(2(l)) and H_(2)O_((l)) are -187.8kJ "mole"^(-1) and -285.8 kJ "mole"^(-1) respectively. The DeltaH^(0) for the decomposition of one mole of H_(2)O_(2(l)) " to" H_(2)O_((l)) and O_(2(g)) is

Answer»

`-473.6 K.J. "MOLE"^(-1)`
`-98.0 K.J. "mole"^(-1)`
`+473.6 K.J. "mole"^(-1)`
`+187.8 K.J."mole"^(-1)`

ANSWER :B
30.

Which of the following metal is softer than Pb but harder than Na ?

Answer»

LI
AL
SR
CS

ANSWER :A
31.

What is the effect on the pressure of a gas if its temperature is increased at constant volume ?

Answer»

The PRESSURE of the GAS increases.
The pressure of the gas DECREASES .
The pressure of the gas REMAINS same .
The pressure of the gas remains same .

ANSWER :A
32.

When heated in air, the alkali metals form various oxides. Mention the oxides formed by Li, Na and K.

Answer»

Solution :Alkali metals react with `O_(2)`and REACTIVITY increases down the group. These elements give three types of oxides - normal oxides, peroxides and superoxides.
`4Li+O_(2) overset(Delta)to 2Li_(2)O`
`6Na+2O_(2) overset(Delta)to underset("PEROXIDE")underset("Sodium")(Na_(2)O_(2)) +underset("oxide") underset("Sodium")(2Na_(2)O)`
`K+O_(2) overset(Delta)to underset("SUPEROXIDE")underset("Potassium")(KO_(2))+underset("Peroxide")(K_(2) O_(2))+underset("Monoxide")(K_(2)(O))`
Superoxide `(O_(2)^(-))` is STABLE only with positive ion with high atomic size like K, Rb, Cs.
33.

The Wurtz-Fitting reaction may be employed to unite aryl and redicals although it is impreactical for the union of unlike aliphatic radicals. Explain.

Answer»

Solution :Dialkyls, differ and aryl-alkyls formed by Wurtz-Fitting reaction differ in their boiligg POINTS. Diaryls have HIGH boiling points, aryl-alkyls have moderate boiling points and the dialkyls have low boiling points.Diaryls have high boiliing points, aryl-alkyls have moderate boiling points and the dialkyls have low boiling point. Hence, it is easy to separate these products by fractionaldistillation. Union of two UNLIKE ALKYL radicals produce three different alkenes and their seperation into INDIVIDUAL members is very difficult.
34.

Why alkali metals have high chemical reactivity? How this changes along the group?

Answer»

Solution :Alkali metals exhibit HIGH CHEMICAL reactivity because of their low ionization enthalpy and their larger size. The reactivity of alkali metals increases from LI to Cs, SINCE the value of ionization energy decreases down the group (Lito Cs). All the alkali metals are highly reactive towards the more electronegative ELEMENTS such as oxygen and halogens
35.

Which one of the following is the correct statement ?

Answer»

Beryllium exhibits coordination NUMBER of six.
Both Beryllium and Aluminium chloride in solid STATE FORM complex having bridge structure.
`B_(2)H_(6)*2NH_(3)`is known as 'inorganic BENZENE'.
Boric acid is a protic acid.

Answer :B
36.

The reagent used in the conversion: C_6H_6 to C_6H_5 - OH is

Answer»

`H_2O_2`
`FeSO_4`
`H_2O_2` + UREA
`H_2O_2 + FeSO_4`

ANSWER :B
37.

The relative reactivity of 1^(@), 2^(@) and 3^(@) hydrogens in chlorination reaction has been found to be 1:3.8:5 in the reaction, The ratio of the amount of the product (A), (B), (C) and (D) is expected to be:

Answer»

a. `1:3.8 : 5 : 1`
b. `3:7.6:5:6`
c. `3:7.6:5:3`
d. `1:7.6:5:1`

SOLUTION :Alkane PROPERTIES
38.

Which metal is protected by layer of its own

Answer»

GOLD
Aluminium
Copper
Iron

Solution :Aluminium is protected due to formation of a layer of `Al_(2)O_(3)` on its SURFACE.
39.

Which of the following does not form M^(+3)?

Answer»

A)B
B)AI
C)Ga
D)In

Solution :B
40.

The solubility productof magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)_2) is 1.2xx10^(-11) .Calculate its solubility in pure water and 0.05 M NaOH.

Answer»

Solution :`1.44xx10^(-4) "MOL L"^(-1)` WATER solubility & `5.0xx10^(-9) "mol L"^(-1)` solubility in NAOH
41.

Which of the following are wrong statements ?

Answer»

NO is more harmful than `NO_(2)`
`SO_(2)` is more harmful than `SO_(3)`
ACID rain contains MAINLY `HNO_(3)`
Acid rain contains mainly `H_(2)SO_(4)` and lesser concentrations of `HNO_(3)` and HCl.

Answer :A::B::C
42.

What is Soda ash ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :On HEATING, the decahydrate loses its water of CRYSTALLIZATION to form monohydrate. Above 373K, the monohydrate becomes completely anhydrous and CHANGES to a white powder called soda ash.
43.

Which one of the following is an example for disproportionation reaction?

Answer»

`CuSO_(4) + Zn to ZnSO_(4) + Cu`
`2KClO_(3) to 2KCl + 3O_(2)`
`PCl_(5) to PCl_(3) + Cl_(2)`
`4H_(3)PO_(3) to 3H_(3)PO_(4) + PH_(3)`

Solution :(Auto oxidation and reduction reaction)
44.

Which of the following compounds have plane of symmetry?

Answer»




all of these

SOLUTION :
45.

Water extinguishes most fires, but it does not extinguish petrol fire. Explain.

Answer»

Solution :Water EXTINGUISHES most fires by LOWERING down the temperature of the BURNING material. But in case of petrol FIRE, petrol being lighter than water, floats over water dn hence fire SPREADS instead of being extinguished.
46.

The total number of fundamental particles in tritium atom is

Answer»

4
3
2
1

Answer :A
47.

Which one of the following is incorrect ?

Answer»

An ELEMENT which has high electronegativity always has high electron GAIN enthalpy
Electron gain enthalpy is the property of an ISOLATED at
Electronegativity is the property of a bonded atom
Both electronegativity and electron gain enthalpy are usually directly related to nuclear charge and inversely related atomic size

Solution :F is most electronegative but its electron affinity is LES than CP.
48.

Which is the strongest reducing agent ?

Answer»

RB
Na
K
Mg

Solution :STRONGEST REDUCING AGENT is Rb.
49.

Which of the following statement is not correct from the view point of molecular orbital theory ?

Answer»

`Be_(2)` is not a stable molecule
`He_(2)` is not stable but `He_(2)^(+)` is expected to exist .
Bond strength of `N_(2)` is maximum amongst the homonuclear diatomic molecules belonging to the second period .
The order of ENERGIES of molecular orbitalsin `N_(2)` molecule is `sigma 2s lt sigma^(**) 2s lt sigma 2p_(z) lt (pi 2p_(x) = pi 2p_(y)) lt (pi^(**) 2p_(x) = pi^(**) 2p_(y)) lt sigma 2p_(z)`

Solution :The order of energies of molecular orbitalsin `N_(2)` molecule is `sigma 2s lt sigma^(**) 2s lt sigma 2p_(z) lt (pi 2p_(x) = pi 2p_(y)) lt (pi^(**) 2p_(x) = pi^(**) 2p_(y)) lt sigma 2p_(z)`
Existence of molecule, bonding NATURE and energy order of molecular orbitals can be explained on the basis of molecular orbital theory as follows :
(i) if molecules having ZERO bond order than it does not exists if molecular having non-z.ero bond order it exists or expected to exist.
(ii) Higher the value of bond order, higher will be its bond strength.
The electrons present in bonding molecular orbital are KNOWN as bonding electrons (Nb) and electrons present on anti-bonding molecular orbital are known as anti-bonding electrons `(N_(a))`and half of their difference is known as bond order. i.e.,
`Be_(2) (4 + 4) = 8 ) = sigma 1s^(2) , sigma^(**) 1s^(2) , sigma 1s^(2), sigma^(**) 2s^(2) `
Bond order (BO) =` (1)/(2)`
[ Number of bonding electrons `(N_(B))` - NUmber of anti-bonding electrons `N_(a) = (4 - 4)/(2) = 0 `
Here, bond order of `Be_(2)` is zero. Thus, it does not exist.
`He_(2) (2 + 2 = 4) = sigma 1 s^(2) , sigma^(**) 1s^(2) `
BO = `(2- 2)/(2)= 0 `
Bond order of `Be_(2)` is zero . So it does not exist. `He_(2)^(+) (2 + 2 - 1 = 3) = sigma 1 s^(2), sigma^(**) 1s^(1)`
BO = `(2- 1)/(2) = 0.5 `
As, the bond order is not zero, this molecule is expected to exist.
`N_(2) (7 + 7 = 14 )=sigma 1s^(2), sigma^(**) 1s^(2), sigma 2s^(2) , sigma^(**) 2s^(2), pi 2p_(x)^(2)= pi 2p_(y)^(2) sigma^(**) 2p_(x)^(2) `
BO = `(10 - 4)/(2) = 3`
So, dinitrogen`(N_(2))` molecule contain triple bond and no any molecule of second period have more than double bond. Hence, bondstrength of `N_(2)` is maximum amongst the homonuclear diatomic molecules belonging to the second period.
(D)It is incorrect. The correct order of energies of molecular orbitals in `N_(2)` molecule is `sigma 2s lt sigma^(**) 2s lt (pi 2p_(x)= pi 2p_(y)) lt pi 2p_(x) lt pi^(**) 2p_(x) = pi 2p_(y) lt sigma^(**) 2p_(z)`
50.

Which of the following solution will have pH = 13 on assuming complete dissociation

Answer»

100 ml of solution of 0.1 N` Mg (OH)_2`
0. 56 g of KOH in 100 ml solution
4 g of NaOH in 500 ml solution
100 ml of solution of 0.05 M Mg ` (OH)_2`

Solution :(a) ` [OH^(-) ] =0.1 N ,pOH= 1 rArrpH =13`
(b) `n= ( 0. 56)/(56) rArr M= ( 0.01)/( 0.1 ) =0.1`
`rArr POH =1 rArr pH = 13`
( c ) ` n= 4 //40 =0.1 rArr M =(0.1)/( 0.5)=0.2`
`rArr p = 14 - 1 log 2 =13.3`
(d) `[OH^(-)] =2 xx 0.05 = 0.1 `
`pOH =1 rArr pH =13`
` NH_3 +H_2OhArr NH_4OH HARR NH_4^(+)+OH^(-) `
` C_1(1-alpha _1)C_1alpha _1 =C_2 `
`"" C_2( 1-alpha_2)C_2alpha _2 = C_3`