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CO2 is a non-combustible gas and extinguishes fire in two ways:(i) Since it is heavier than oxygen, it covers the fire like a blanket and cuts off the contact between oxygen and fuel.(ii) In cylinders, CO2 is kept in the liquid form. When released, it expands enormously and cools down. This brings down the temperature of the fuel, which helps in controlling the fire.

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given n =2 , l = 0 so, the orbital is 2s

and since the there is only 1 electron present having s = +1/2 so, the atom will be lithium.

option A.

Haloalkanestend todissolve in organic solventsbecause the new intermolecular attractions betweenhaloalkanesandsolventmolecules have much the same strength as the ones being broken in the separate haloalkane andsolventmolecules.Haloalkanesare only very slightly soluble in water.

On the whole, the metals burn in oxygen to form a simple metal oxide.Berylliumis reluctant to burn unless it is in the form of dust or powder.Berylliumhas a very strong (but very thin) layer ofberylliumoxide on its surface, and this prevents any new oxygen getting at the underlyingberylliumtoreactwith it.

They are less reactive than alkali metals, but they form (except forberyllium) alkaline oxides and hydroxides. Alkaline earth metals all have two valence electrons, and theyeasilyoxidize to the +2 state. ... Alkaline earth metalsreactwith halogens and (except forberyllium) with water and oxygen.

Anionic polymerization

Base adds to double bond of monomer to form carbanion which attacks another monomer to form bigger carbanion and so on. Then, addition of proton occurs to complete polymerization. Steps are:

The different ways of initiating addition polymerisation :.1. Free radical generation using a peroxide compound.( Benzoyl peroxide )2. Using Base/nucleophile initiator (such as butyl lithium)

One of the method is free radical mechanism using peroxide compound for polymerising vinyl chloride.

The different ways of initiating addition polymerisation :.1. Free radical generation using a peroxide compound.( Benzoyl peroxide )2. Using Base/nucleophile initiator (such as butyl lithium)

One of the method is free radical mechanism using peroxide compound for polymerising vinyl chloride.

Nonionic surfactantsare low sudsing and are typically used in laundry and automatic dishwasherdetergentsand rinse aids..

option D. should be the answer.

Step-growth polymerizationrefers to a type ofpolymerizationmechanism in which bi-functional or multifunctionalmonomersreact to form firstdimers, thentrimers, longeroligomersand eventually long chainpolymers. Many naturally occurring and some synthetic polymers are produced by step-growth polymerization, e.g.polyesters,polyamides,polyurethanes, etc. Due to the nature of the polymerization mechanism, a high extent of reaction is required to achieve high molecular weight. The easiest way to visualize the mechanism of a step-growth polymerization is a group of people reaching out to hold their hands to form a human chain—each person has two hands (= reactive sites). There also is the possibility to have more than two reactive sites on a monomer: In this case branched polymers production take place

Polymerization is the process of formation of polymers from their respective monomers.

It is a process by which an organic compound reacts with itself to form a high-molecular-weight compound composed of repeating units of the original compound. When two or more monomers are involved, the process is called copolymerization or heteropolymerization.

The formation of stable covalent chemical bonds between the monomers sets polymerization apart from other processes, such as crystallization.

Polymerization is important because it is the process by which plastics are made. It affects numerous aspects of everyday life, as anything to do with plastic, fabrics or elastomers involves polymerization.

Chain-growth polymerizationorchain polymerization(IUPAC recommended term) is apolymerizationmechanism in whichmonomermolecules add onto the active site of a growingpolymerchain one at a time.Growth of the polymer occurs only the active sites on the chain, which are typically at the chain-end(s). Addition of each monomer unit regenerates the active site.

The reaction of a halogen with an alkane in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light or heat leads to the formation ofa haloalkane (alkyl halide).An example is the chlorination of methane.

Halogenation mechanism.In the methane molecule, the carbon‐hydrogen bonds are low‐polarity covalent bonds. The halogen molecule has a nonpolar covalent bond. UV light contains sufficient energy to break the weaker nonpolar chlorine‐chlorine bond (∼58 kcal/mole), but it has insufficient energy to break the stronger carbon‐hydrogen bond (104 kcal/mole). The fracture of the chlorine molecule leads to the formation of two highly reactive chlorine free radicals (chlorine atoms).A free radicalis an atom or group that has a single unshared electron.

The bond that is ruptured is said to have broken in ahomolyticfashion; that is, each of the originally bonded atoms receives one electron. This initial reaction is called theinitiation stepof the mechanism. The chlorine free radicals that form are in a high‐energy state and react quickly to complete their octets and liberate energy. Once the high‐energy chlorine free radicals are formed, the energy source (UV light or heat) can be removed. The energy liberated in the reaction of the free radicals with other atoms is sufficient to keep the reaction running.

When a chlorine free radical approaches a methane molecule, a homolytic fission of a carbon‐hydrogen bond occurs. The chlorine free radical combines with the liberated hydrogen free radical to form hydrogen chloride and a methyl free radical. This is called apropagation step, a step in which both a product and a reactive species, which keeps the reaction going, are formed.

The bond that is ruptured is said to have broken in ahomolyticfashion; that is, each of the originally bonded atoms receives one electron. This initial reaction is called theinitiation stepof the mechanism. The chlorine free radicals that form are in a high‐energy state and react quickly to complete their octets and liberate energy. Once the high‐energy chlorine free radicals are formed, the energy source (UV light or heat) can be removed. The energy liberated in the reaction of the free radicals with other atoms is sufficient to keep the reaction running.

When a chlorine free radical approaches a methane molecule, a homolytic fission of a carbon‐hydrogen bond occurs. The chlorine free radical combines with the liberated hydrogen free radical to form hydrogen chloride and a methyl free radical. This is called apropagation step, a step in which both a product and a reactive species, which keeps the reaction going, are formed.

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To summarize, thisfree‐radical chain reactioninitially contains few free radicals and many molecules of reactants. As the reaction proceeds, the number of free radicals increases, while the number of reactant molecules decreases. Near the end of the reaction, many more free radicals exist than reactant molecules. At this stage of the overall reaction, termination steps become the predominant reactions. All of the halogenation mechanism reactions occur very rapidly, and the formation of the products takes only microseconds.

So , the no. of atoms of A are 1/4(8) = 2 atoms. Here 8 = no. of edges and the no. of atoms of B = 1/2(6) = 3. Here 6 = no. of faces.

the simplest formula is A2B3.

as the element belong to first group and third period of periodic table :-

1) in the group it is alkali metal 2 ) if you move through the period third then we get conclusion that it is Sodium ( Na ) .so we can draw its position as ( Na ) which belong to 1 group and 3 period.

Element belongs to 3rdperiodTherefore, n = 3Element belongs to 17thgroupTherefore, number of valence electrons = 7Outermost electronic configuration of element is 3s23p5Therefore, the atomic number of element is 17

Producers are basically what we call phytoplanktons which do photosynthesis and act as primary producers of water body. And as we all are aware that photosynthesis can take place only in presence of light. So the depth till light penetrating the water body don't fade completely it can help in photosynthesis at some level. The depth varies according to turbidity of water body. Say if water body is clear enough then depth can be up to 120 m and if it is highly turbidity then depth can be minimized to 10–20 m too

A= 4B= 4+4=8ratio- A:B4:8=1:2formula =AB2

7.Oxygen almost always has an oxidation number of -2, except in H2O2 (when it is -1) and in OF2 (when it is+2). Hydrogen always has an oxidation number of +1 in compounds which contain elements that are more electronegative than it is.

8. Sodium metal is used in detection of elements by lassaignes methods

Ans :- Chemical Bonds :- Chemical bonds are the attractive forces that hold atoms together in the form of compounds. They are formed when electrons are shared between two atoms. Valence bond theory describes a chemical bond as the overlap of atomic orbitals.

A chemical bond is the physical phenomenon of chemical substances being held together by attraction of atoms to each other through sharing, as well as exchanging, of electrons -or electrostatic forces.

Ans :- A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds. The bond may result from the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions as in ionic bonds or through the sharing of electrons as in covalent bonds.

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CaCo3 chemical formula of marble

calcium carbonate is the correct answer

CaCo3 is the chemical equation

Marble या संगमरमर

Chemical Formula - CaCO3

Chemical Name - Calcium Carbonate

Common Name - बुझा चुना

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Marble is made of calcium carbonate, CaCO3, which is also what limestone is made from

Caco3 is the best answer

CaCo3 chemical formula of marble

CaCo3 is the correct answer

caco3 - calcium carbonate

caCO3 is the chemical equation

caco3calcium carbonateis the right answer

chemical formula of marble is CaCO3

chemical formula of mass is proton

Thechemical formula for marbleis CaCO3. Thischemicalcompound is known as calcium carbonate. The rock limestone also has the samechemical composition, but a different structure to its crystals.

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The chemical formulae of marble are Caco3.

Caco3 (calcium carbonate) is the chemical formula of marble

caco3 is the best ans

Chemical formula of marble is CaCO3.

the chemical formula of marble CaCo3

the comman name of marble is bhujha hua chuna

P1/T1=P2/T2p2=P1T2/T1p2=2*40/20P2=4atm

In ideal condition

Coordination number, also called Ligancy, thenumberof atoms, ions, or molecules that a central atom or ion holds as its nearest neighbours in a complex orcoordinationcompound or in a crystal. ...Coordination numbersfrom 2 to 9 have been observed in complexes; highercoordination numbersoccur,

Coordination number, also ligancy, the number of atoms, ions, or molecules that a central atom or iron holds as its nearest neighbours in a complex or coordination compound or in a crystal.

In coordination chemistry, the coordination number is the number of ligands attached to the central ion (more specifically, the number of donor atoms). Coordination numbers are normally between two and nine. The number of bonds depends on the size, charge, and electron configuration of the metal ion and the ligands.Coordination number, also called Ligancy, the number of atoms, ions, or molecules that a central atom or ion holds as its nearest neighbours in a complex or coordination compound or in a crystal.

decreases

because energy at every level is inversly proportional to 1/n²

Onblowing air into balloon, it inflates,becausegasses exerts pressure in all directions. Theairfilled in theballoonpushes and exerts force in all the directions on the wall of theballoon, henceinflatingit.When wefill theairin aballoon, Theballoon inflatesdue to the pressure of theair inside it

The monomer of Nylon-6,6 are adipic acid nd hexamethylenediamene.Both these structures have 6 carbon each.So.the compound formed by their polymerisation is called Nylon 6,6

Diagonal Relationship is said to exist between certain pairs of diagonally adjacent elements in the second and third periods of the periodic table. These pairs (Li & Mg, Be & Al, B & Si etc.) exhibit similar properties; for example, Boron and Silicon are both semiconductors, form halides that are hydrolyzed in water and have acidic oxides. Such a relationship occurs because crossing and descending the periodic table have opposing effects. On crossing a period of the periodic table, the size of the atoms decreases, and on descending a group the size of the atoms increases. Similarly, on moving along the period the elements become progressively more covalent, less reducing and more electronegative, whereas on descending the group the elements become more ionic, more basic and less electronegative. Thus, on both descending a group and crossing by one element the changes cancel each other out, and elements with similar properties which have similar chemistry are often found - the atomic size, electronegativity, properties of compounds (and so forth) of the diagonal members are similar.

The similarity between Lithium and Magnesium is particularly striking and arises because of their similar sizes: atomic radii, Li = 152 pm, Mg = 160 pm: ionic radii: Li+ = 76 pm, Mg2+ = 72 pm. The main points of

similarity are:

(i) Both lithium and magnesium are harder lighter than other elements in the respective groups.

(ii) Lithium and magnesium react slowly with water. Their oxides and hydroxides are much less soluble and their hydroxides decompose on heating.

(iii) The oxides, Li2O and MgO do not combine with excess oxygen to give any superoxide.

(iv) The carbonates of lithium and magnetism decompose easily on heating to form the oxides and CO2 .

(v) Both LiCl and MgCl2 are soluble in ethanol.

(vi) Both LiCl and MgCl2 are deliquescent and crystallize from aqueous solution as hydrates, LiCl.2H2O and MgCl2.8H2O.

1. Similar properties are:

i) They all have 7 electrons in their valence shell

ii) They all have the same valency (i.e. 1)

iii) They all are non- metals.

2. Common name of this group = Halogens

Bauxite is not directly used in Hall's process. It is first converted into alumina by Bayer's process.Reaction of carbon withAl2O3forming Aluminium and carbon dioxideis given :2Al2O3+ 3C→4Al + 3CO2

​Molar mass of Al = 27 gmol-1​​Molar mass of Al2O3= 118 g mol-1​Molar mass of Carbon = 12 g mol-1

Thus, we can see that according to this reaction, (4×27) = 108 g of Al is formed from the reduction of Al2O3by (3×12) = 36 g of carbon.108 g of Al produced by 36 g of Carbon27000 g of Al is formed by (36 / 108)×27000=90000 g or 90 kg (aaprox.)

Option C is rightwe draw all FBD then calculated

Noon is the part of the day.

option 2

Yes , this is because it has minimum no. of electrons i.e. one .

Ans :- The atomic radiusof theGa is less thanAl because of poor screening effect. Theatomicradius of Gais slightly lesser thanof Al because in going from Al toGa, the electrons have already occupied 3d sub shell inGa.

The atomic radius increases down the group because energy levels increase.

Explanation:As we move down a group, the number of electrons increases. Therefore, the number of energy levels increases. Each subsequent energy level is further from the nucleus than the last. Therefore, the atomic radius increases down the group.

the atomic radius increases in going down in a group because its shell is increased

number of orbitals are increases it is the reason of atomic radius increases down the group

Ans :- Aluminium and gallium belongs to group 13.Generally, atomic radii increases on moving down in a group.But the atomic size of gallium is less than aluminium although it lies below aluminium in the group.This because of the poor shielding effect of electrons in the 3d orbital of gallium.The outermost electrons are poorly shielded by d electrons increasing the nuclear attraction on the outer electrons due to which the radius of gallium is smaller than expected. Hence gallium has less atomic radius than aluminium.

Factors affecting atomic radius are:

1. Nuclear charge: As the nuclear charge increases, it pulls all the electrons closer to the nucleus resulting in the decrease of the atomic size (atomic radius).

2. Number of filled shells: Increase in the number of filled shells, the valence electrons will be far away from the nuclear attractions and hence it increases the atomic radius.

3. Screening effect: Increase in the number of filled inner shells would increase the screening effect that is intervening electrons screen the valence electrons from the nuclear attraction and increases the atomic radius.

Atomic radius decreases from left to rightwithin a period. This is caused by the increase in the number of protons and electrons across a period. One proton has a greater effect than one electron; thus, electrons are pulled towards the nucleus, resulting in a smallerradius.

Atomic radius patternsareobserved throughout theperiodic table. Atomic size gradually decreases from lefttoright across aperiodofelements. This is because, within aperiodor family ofelements, all electronsareaddedtothe same shell.

Tendency of atoms to lose electrons and form positive ion is known aselectropositivity. In aperiod electropositivitydecreases because of increase in ionization energy along aperiod. While in agroup electropositivityincreases because ionization energy decreases when we move down in agroup.

Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes within and related to living organisms. It is a laboratory based science that brings together biology and chemistry. By using chemical knowledge and techniques, biochemists can understand and solve biological problems.

XA + yB ----------> ProductRate= k[A]^x.[B]^y .........(i)When conc. of B is doubled, Rate/4 = k[A]^x.[2B]^y...........(ii)Equation (i)/(ii)4=1/2^y⇒2^y = 1/2²⇒y=-2 with respect to B

Atomic mass =10 *19+ 81 *11 /100 = 1081 /100 = 10.81