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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

Mathematically, Kirchhoff’s Voltage law can be _____________(a) ∑_(k=0)^n(V) = 0(b) V2∑_(k=0)^n(V) = 0(c) V∑_(k=0)^n(V) = 0(d) None of the mentionedThis question was addressed to me in semester exam.My doubt stems from Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law topic in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct option is (a) ∑_(k=0)^N(V) = 0

To EXPLAIN: ACCORDING to KVL, the sum of all voltages of BRANCHES in a closed loop is zero.

2.

In a circuit with more number of loops, which law can be best suited for the analysis?(a) KCL(b) Ohm’s law(c) KVL(d) None of the mentionedThis question was addressed to me in examination.Query is from Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» CORRECT choice is (c) KVL

Explanation: KVL can be best SUITED for CIRCUITS with more number of loops.
3.

Kirchhoff’s voltage law is based on principle of conservation of ___________(a) energy(b) momentum(c) mass(d) chargeThe question was asked during an internship interview.Asked question is from Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law topic in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The CORRECT option is (a) energy

The BEST I can EXPLAIN: KVL is based on the law of conservation of energy.

4.

Find the current through the branch containing resistance R3.(a) 2A(b) 3.25A(c) 2A(d) 2.75AI had been asked this question during an interview.Origin of the question is Kirchhoff’s Current Law in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» CORRECT OPTION is (d) 2.75A

Best EXPLANATION: By KCL, 5A = 0.25A + 2A + I3.
5.

Determine the current if a 20 coulomb charge passes a point in 0.25 seconds.(a) 10 A(b) 20 A(c) 2 A(d) 80 AThe question was posed to me during an interview.I need to ask this question from Kirchhoff’s Current Law in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» RIGHT CHOICE is (d) 80 A

To elaborate: By the DEFINITION of electric current, I=q/t.
6.

Kirchhof’s current law can be mathematically stated as ___________(a) ∑k=0^n I = 0(b) i^2∑k=0^n I = 0(c) i∑k=0^n I = 0(d) none of the mentionedThis question was posed to me in homework.This interesting question is from Kirchhoff’s Current Law in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right option is (a) ∑k=0^n I = 0

Easiest EXPLANATION: KCL states that the sum of currents entering and LEAVING a NODE is equal to zero.

7.

Find the current i3 in the circuit shown below.(a) 2A(b) 1A(c) 3A(d) 0.5AThe question was asked in final exam.I'd like to ask this question from Kirchhoff’s Current Law in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The CORRECT option is (C) 3A

Best EXPLANATION: By APPLYING the KCL at the node in the circuit , 5A = 2A +i3.

8.

Determine the current through the resistor R3 shown in the figure using KCL.(a) 25mA(b) 10mA(c) 20mA(d) 35mAThe question was posed to me in semester exam.This interesting question is from Kirchhoff’s Current Law in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» CORRECT ANSWER is (a) 25mA

The explanation: Using KCL, 60mA = 10mA + 25mA + I3.
9.

For the circuit below , find the voltage across 5Ω resistor and the current through it.(a) 1.93 V(b) 2.83 V(c) 3.5 V(d) 5.7 VThe question was asked in an internship interview.The above asked question is from Kirchhoff’s Current Law in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Correct option is (B) 2.83 V

Easy explanation: Here all the resistors are connected in PARALLEL and let the voltage be V. Hence, i15=V/15, i5=V/5, i2=V/2, i1=V/1. By kirchhoff’s CURRENT law, V/15 + V/5 + V/2 V/1 +5 = 10. On solving EQUATION, we obtain the value of V. As all resistors are in parallel, voltage across each is same as V.

10.

Determine the current in all resistors in the circuit shown below.(a) 2A, 4A, 11A(b) 5A, 4.8A, 9.6A(c) 9.3A, 20.22A, 11A(d) 10.56A, 24.65A, 14.79AThis question was posed to me in a national level competition.This key question is from Kirchhoff’s Current Law in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» RIGHT option is (d) 10.56A, 24.65A, 14.79A

Best explanation: All the resistors are in PARALLEL, so the VOLTAGE across each RESISTOR is the same V.

i1=V/7, i2 = V/3, i3=V/5. By CURRENT law, 50A = V/7 + V/3 + V/5. On solving, we obtain V and then values of i1, i2, i3.
11.

The current law represents a mathematical statement of fact that ___________(a) voltage cannot accumulate at node(b) charge cannot accumulate at node(c) charge at the node is infinite(d) none of the mentionedI had been asked this question in my homework.My question is based upon Kirchhoff’s Current Law topic in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right option is (b) CHARGE cannot ACCUMULATE at node

For EXPLANATION I would say: Charge cannot accumulate at the node, it can only flow in and out of the node.

12.

Kirchhoff’s current law is applied at ___________(a) loops(b) nodes(c) both loop and node(d) none of the mentionedThis question was addressed to me in final exam.Enquiry is from Kirchhoff’s Current Law topic in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» RIGHT answer is (b) nodes

Explanation: Kirchhoff’s current LAW can be APPLICABLE to nodes only.
13.

Kirchhoff’s Current law is based on the law of conservation of ___________(a) energy(b) momentum(c) mass(d) chargeI have been asked this question in an interview.This question is from Kirchhoff’s Current Law topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct answer is (d) charge

For explanation I WOULD say: KIRCHHOFF’s current law is based on the law of CONSERVATION of charge i.e, charge that FLOWS in = charge that flows out.

14.

In a current-voltage relationship graph of a linear resistor, the slope of the graph will indicate ___________(a) conductance(b) resistance(c) resistivity(d) a constantThis question was addressed to me during an online interview.My enquiry is from Ohm’s Law in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Correct option is (a) conductance

The EXPLANATION is: The slope of the GRAPH is the RATIO of CURRENT to a voltage which indicates conductance.

15.

Ohm’s law is not applicable to ___________(a) dc circuits(b) high currents(c) small resistors(d) semi-conductorsI had been asked this question during an interview.Query is from Ohm’s Law in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» CORRECT OPTION is (d) semi-conductors

Best EXPLANATION: Ohm’s LAW is not applicable to semi-conductors and insulators.
16.

Resistivity of a wire depends on ___________(a) length of wire(b) cross section area(c) material(d) all of the mentionedI got this question in final exam.I want to ask this question from Ohm’s Law topic in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Correct answer is (c) material

Easy EXPLANATION: RESISTIVITY of a wire is a CONSTANT and it depends on the TYPE of material used.

17.

Conductance is expressed in terms of ___________(a) mho(b) mho/m(c) ohm/m(d) m/ohmI have been asked this question in an international level competition.This interesting question is from Ohm’s Law topic in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right choice is (a) mho

The explanation: CONDUCTANCE is the RECIPROCAL of resistance and is EXPRESSED in TERMS of mho.

18.

A copper wire of length l and diameter d has potential difference V applied at its two ends. The drift velocity is V. If the diameter of wire is made d/4, then drift velocity becomes ___________(a) V/16(b) 16V(c) V(d) V/4The question was posed to me in my homework.I would like to ask this question from Ohm’s Law topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (b) 16V

The best explanation: Drift velocity is inversely PROPOTIONAL to area of MATERIAL i.e, V=I/nAq.

19.

Which of the following bulbs will have high resistance?(a) 220V, 60W(b) 220V,100W(c) 115V,60W(d) 115V,100 WThis question was posed to me during a job interview.My doubt is from Ohm’s Law topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (a) 220V, 60W

Easiest explanation: Resistance is directly PROPORTIONAL to SQUARE of voltage and inversely proportional to the POWER.

20.

In which of the following cases is Ohm’s law not applicable?(a) Electrolytes(b) Arc lamps(c) Insulators(d) Vacuum ratio valuesThe question was asked in unit test.Question is from Ohm’s Law in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Correct ANSWER is (C) INSULATORS

Explanation: According to Ohm’s law, it is applicable only to CONDUCTORS. Hence, Ohm’s law is not applicable in case of insulators.

21.

Consider a circuit with two unequal resistances in parallel, then ___________(a) large current flows in large resistor(b) current is same in both(c) potential difference across each is same(d) smaller resistance has smaller conductanceThis question was posed to me in final exam.Enquiry is from Ohm’s Law topic in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Correct ANSWER is (C) potential DIFFERENCE across each is same

The best explanation: In parallel combination of RESISTORS, the potential difference across each resistors is the same.

22.

An electric current of 10 A is the same as ___________(a) 10 J/C(b) 10 V/C(c) 10C/sec(d) 10 W/secThis question was addressed to me during an interview.I need to ask this question from Ohm’s Law in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (c) 10C/sec

The explanation is: Mathematically, ELECTRIC current can be defined as the ratio of the charge to the TIME in which charge flows.

23.

Resistance of a wire is yΩ. The wire is stretched to triple its length, then the resistance becomes ___________(a) y/3(b) 3y(c) 6y(d) y/6I got this question in final exam.My question comes from Ohm’s Law topic in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (b) 3y

Explanation: RESISTANCE of a conductor is DIRECTLY proportional to its length. That is, when the length of conductor is tripled, its resistance also gets tripled.

24.

A voltage source of 300 V has internal resistance of 4Ω and supplies a load having the same resistance. The power absorbed by the load is?(a) 1150 W(b) 1250 W(c) 5625 W(d) 5000 WThe question was posed to me in an interview for internship.This interesting question is from Voltage and Current Sources in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct choice is (c) 5625 W

For explanation I would SAY: POWER ABSORBED = I^2R.

25.

A voltage source having an open circuit voltage of 200 V and internal resistance of 50Ω is equivalent to a current source of ___________(a) 4A with 50Ω in parallel(b) 4A with 50Ω in series(c) 0.5A with 50Ω in parallel(d) none of the mentionedI have been asked this question in my homework.Question is from Voltage and Current Sources topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right OPTION is (a) 4A with 50Ω in parallel

For explanation I would say: A voltage SOURCE with RESISTANCE in SERIES can be replaced with a current source with the resistance in parallel.

26.

A constant current source supplies a electric current of 200 mA to a load of 2kΩ. When the load changed to 100Ω, the load current will be ___________(a) 9mA(b) 4A(c) 700mA(d) 12AThis question was posed to me in examination.My question comes from Voltage and Current Sources in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» RIGHT option is (B) 4A

Explanation: From Ohm’s LAW, resistance is inversely proportional to the CURRENT.
27.

If a current source is to be neglected, the terminals across the source are ___________(a) replaced by a source resistance(b) open circuited(c) replaced by a capacitor(d) short circuitedThis question was posed to me in an interview for job.This interesting question is from Voltage and Current Sources topic in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right OPTION is (b) open circuited

The explanation is: As the IDEAL current source has INFINITE resistance, it can be NEGLECTED by open circuiting the TERMINALS.

28.

With some initial change at t = 0+, a capacitor will act as ___________(a) open circuit(b) short circuit(c) a current source(d) a voltage sourceI got this question in a national level competition.Enquiry is from Voltage and Current Sources in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct answer is (d) a voltage SOURCE

Explanation: At t=0+, the CAPACITOR STARTS CHARGING to a PARTICULAR voltage and acts as a voltage source.

29.

A dependent source ___________(a) may be a current source or a voltage source(b) is always a voltage source(c) is always a current source(d) none of the mentionedI had been asked this question in my homework.My doubt stems from Voltage and Current Sources in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» RIGHT option is (a) may be a current source or a VOLTAGE source

Explanation: Dependent SOURCES can EITHER be current sources or voltage sources.
30.

Which of the following is true about an ideal voltage source?(a) zero resistance(b) small emf(c) large emf(d) infinite resistanceI have been asked this question in homework.The above asked question is from Voltage and Current Sources topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) zero RESISTANCE

Best explanation: An IDEAL voltage SOURCE with zero internal resistance.

31.

Constant voltage source is ___________(a) active and bilateral(b) passive and bilateral(c) active and unilateral(d) passive and unilateralThe question was asked in an online quiz.My doubt is from Voltage and Current Sources in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right answer is (c) ACTIVE and UNILATERAL

For explanation I would SAY: Voltage SOURCE is an active ELEMENT and is unilateral.

32.

A practical voltage source can also be represented as ___________(a) a resistance in series with an ideal current source(b) a resistance in series with an ideal voltage source(c) a resistance in parallel with an ideal voltage source(d) none of the mentionedThis question was addressed to me in final exam.I want to ask this question from Voltage and Current Sources topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (b) a resistance in SERIES with an ideal voltage SOURCE

The EXPLANATION is: A practical voltage source COULD be represented with a resistor in series with an ideal voltage source.

33.

A practical current source can also be represented as ___________(a) a resistance in parallel with an ideal voltage source(b) a resistance in parallel with an ideal current source(c) a resistance in series with an ideal current source(d) none of the mentionedThis question was addressed to me in an internship interview.Asked question is from Voltage and Current Sources topic in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right option is (B) a resistance in parallel with an ideal current SOURCE

For explanation I would SAY: A practical current source COULD be REPRESENTED with a resistor in parallel with an ideal current source.

34.

In a network consisting of linear resistors and ideal voltage source, if the value of resistors are doubled, then voltage across each resistor ___________(a) increases four times(b) remains unchanged(c) doubled(d) halvedI had been asked this question in an internship interview.I want to ask this question from Voltage and Current Sources topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (B) remains unchanged

The explanation is: Even on changing the values of LINEAR resistors, the voltage remains constant in case of IDEAL voltage source.

35.

In case of ideal current sources, they have ___________(a) zero internal resistance(b) low value of voltage(c) large value of currrent(d) infinite internal resistanceI had been asked this question in unit test.My question is from Voltage and Current Sources in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Correct choice is (d) infinite INTERNAL RESISTANCE

To EXPLAIN I WOULD say: For the ideal CURRENT sources, the current is completely independent of voltage and it has infinte internal resistance.

36.

Voltage source and terminal voltage can be related as ___________(a) terminal voltage is higher than the source emf(b) terminal voltage is equal to the source emf(c) terminal voltage is always lower than source emf(d) terminal voltage cannot exceed source emfThis question was posed to me in an interview.Origin of the question is Voltage and Current Sources in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (C) TERMINAL voltage is always lower than source emf

The EXPLANATION: A practical voltage source can be represented with a resistance in series with the source. Hence, there would be some voltage drop at the resistor and the terminal voltage is always lower than the source emf.

37.

For a voltage source to be neglected, the terminals across the source should be ___________(a) replaced by inductor(b) short circuited(c) replaced by some resistance(d) open circuitedThe question was posed to me in a national level competition.The above asked question is from Voltage and Current Sources in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» RIGHT ANSWER is (b) short circuited

The best explanation: If the VOLTAGE source is to be NEGLECTED, it can be replaced simply by means of a WIRE i.e, it should be short circuited.
38.

Pick the incorrect statement among the following.(a) Inductor is a passive element(b) Current source is an active element(c) Resistor is a passive element(d) Voltage source is a passive elementI got this question during an internship interview.Query is from Voltage and Current Sources topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (b) Current source is an active element

Best explanation: Energy sources(VOLTAGE or current sources) are active elements, CAPABLE of DELIVERING power to some external device.

39.

If the resistances 3Ω, 5Ω, 7Ω, 9Ω are in series, then their equivalent resistance(Ω) is?(a) 9(b) 20(c) 24(d) 32I have been asked this question in final exam.This intriguing question originated from Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Correct ANSWER is (c) 24

Easy explanation: If the RESISTANCES are in SERIES, then equivalent RESISTANCE is the SUM of all the resistances that are in series. Equivalent resistance is (3+5+7+9)Ω = 24Ω.

40.

Find total current(mA) in the circuit.(a) 1(b) 2(c) 3(d) 4The question was asked during an online exam.Enquiry is from Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right answer is (a) 1

Explanation: R2 is parallel to R3. So equivalent RESISTANCE of R2 and R3 is 1K. The total resistance in the CIRCUIT is (1+1+1)K = 3K.Current in the circuit is 3V/3KΩ = 1mA.

41.

If the resistances 1Ω, 2Ω, 3Ω, 4Ω are parallel, then the equivalent resistance is?(a) 0.46Ω(b) 0.48Ω(c) 0.5Ω(d) 0.52ΩThe question was asked in a job interview.I need to ask this question from Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct choice is (B) 0.48Ω

For EXPLANATION: The equivalent resistance 1/Rt = (1/R1)+(1/R2)+(1/R3)+(1/R4). And R1, R2, R3, R4 are1Ω, 2Ω, 3Ω, 4Ωrespectively. => Rt = 0.48Ω.

42.

Find the voltage Vx in the given circuit.(a) 10(b) 20(c) 30(d) 40This question was addressed to me in an online quiz.Question is taken from Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws topic in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right option is (a) 10

Easy EXPLANATION: From the circuit applying Kirchhoff’s voltage law, we can WRITE 50 = 15 + 10 + 15 + VX => Vx = 10V.

43.

How many types of dependent or controlled sources are there?(a) 1(b) 2(c) 3(d) 4The question was asked in exam.This interesting question is from Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (d) 4

The explanation: There are 4 dependent or controlled sources. They are VCVS(Voltage Controlled Voltage SOURCE), VCCS(Voltage Controlled CURRENT Source, CCVS(Current Controlled Voltage Source, CCCS(Current Controlled Current Source).

44.

The energy stored in the inductor is?(a) Li²/4(b) Li²/2(c) Li²(d) Li²/8This question was posed to me in an online quiz.I'm obligated to ask this question of Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws in portion Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Right answer is (B) Li²/2

For explanation I would SAY: The energy stored in the INDUCTOR the area under the power of the inductor and is given by W = ʃpdt = ʃLidi = Li²/2.

45.

The voltage across R1 resistor in the circuit shown below is?(a) 10(b) 5(c) 2.5(d) 1.25I got this question in class test.Asked question is from Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws topic in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (B) 5

Explanation: According to voltage divider RULE, 10v is divide EQUALLY across resistors R1 and R2. So the voltage across R1 will be 5V.

46.

The circuit in which current has a complete path to flow is called ______ circuit.(a) short(b) open(c) closed(d) open loopI got this question at a job interview.Question is from Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws topic in section Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct choice is (C) closed

Best explanation: The circuit in which current has a complete path to flow is CALLED a closed circuit. When the current path is BROKEN so that current cannot flow, the circuit is called an OPEN circuit.

47.

If the voltage-current characteristics is a straight line through the origin, then the element is said to be?(a) Linear element(b) Non-linear element(c) Unilateral element(d) Bilateral elementI have been asked this question during a job interview.My doubt is from Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (a) Linear element

To elaborate: If the voltage-current characteristic is a straight line through the origin, then the element is said to be Linear element. The DIFFERENCE in potential energy of CHARGES is CALLED Potential difference.

48.

Potential difference in electrical terminology is known as?(a) Voltage(b) Current(c) Resistance(d) ConductanceThis question was posed to me during an online exam.I want to ask this question from Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

Correct OPTION is (a) Voltage

Explanation: Potential difference in electrical TERMINOLOGY is KNOWN as Voltage and is denoted either by V or v. It is EXPRESSED in terms of energy per UNIT charge.

49.

Example of distributed element is ___________(a) Resistor(b) Thermistor(c) Semiconductor diode(d) Transmission linesThe question was asked by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.I'd like to ask this question from Sources and Some Definitions topic in division Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer»

The correct answer is (d) Transmission lines

Easy EXPLANATION: Distributed elements are those which are not separable for ANALYSIS purposes. Examples of distributed elements are transmission lines in which the resistance, INDUCTANCE and CAPACITANCE are distributed ALONG its length.

50.

A semiconductor diode is an ____________ element.(a) Bilateral(b) Unilateral(c) Active(d) PassiveThe question was posed to me in an interview.Origin of the question is Sources and Some Definitions topic in chapter Circuit Elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws of Network Theory

Answer» CORRECT answer is (b) UNILATERAL

Explanation: In SEMICONDUCTOR diode, current flows through the diode only in one DIRECTION. HENCE, it is a unilateral element.