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The correct option is (b) Parturition

Easiest EXPLANATION: Parturition, ALSO called birth or childbirth, process of bringing forth a child from the uterus, or womb. The prior DEVELOPMENT of the child in the uterus is described in the article human EMBRYOLOGY. The process and SERIES of changes which take place in a woman’s organs and tissues as a result of the developing fetus are discussed in the article pregnancy.

Correct option is (C) 1968

Best explanation: National dairy cattle judging contests are ONE of the highlights at WORLD Dairy EXPO. They were sponsored since the year 1968.

The correct OPTION is (b) Energy

To explain I would say: In the case of temperature DRIPPING below 30°F it is recommended that the normal young calf diet should be supplemented with Energy. This energy helps the calf to tackle temperature DRIP.

The correct answer is (b) Modified Live Virus

To explain: Live VACCINES CONTAIN bacteria or a virus that has been modified (MLV). This means they’ve lost their disease-causing ability (attenuated) or are ADMINISTERED by a route that prevents them from causing clinical disease.

Right option is (d) Fort ATKINSON, Wisconsin

The explanation: The NATIONAL Dairy Shrine is an American dairying group founded in 1949 and BASED in Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin. The shrine PROMOTES the dairy industry and RECORDS its history. As of 2007, the organization had over 18,000 members from most facets of dairying.

Right option is (d) Bovine VIRAL Diarrhea

To explain: Bovine VIRUS Diarrhoea (BVD) is a significant ECONOMIC disease of cattle which is ENDEMIC in the majority of countries throughout the world. BVD is a viral disease of cattle that can cause many problems in a herd.

Right choice is (a) Farm SERVICE Agency

The explanation is: The Farm Service Agency (FSA) is the United States Department of Agriculture agency into which were MERGED several PREDECESSOR agencies, including the AGRICULTURAL Stabilization and Conservation Service.

Correct choice is (d) 70 percent moisture

The EXPLANATION is: Corn silage is a popular feed with Missouri cattle feeders. Harvesting corn as silage FURNISHES 50 to 60 percent more nutrients per acre for BEEF cattle. 70% moisture corn silage be chopped at when stored in horizontal silos-bunkers or bags.

Right answer is (d) 62 to 65 percent moisture

To explain: CATTLE are easily changed from corn SILAGE to a high-grain finishing ration. Corn silage is often used to furnish minimum roughage levels in high-grain finishing RATIONS. Corn silage, STORED in upright, top-unloading silos, should be chopped at 62 to 65 percent moisture.

Right choice is (C) No less than 60 percent MOISTURE

Easiest explanation: Corn silage is a SAFE feed. It WORKS well for starting cattle on feed. Corn silage stored in SEALED uprights should be ensiled at no less than 60 percent moisture.

Right option is (a) Nonprotein nitrogen

The explanation: Non-protein nitrogen (or NPN) is a term USED in animal NUTRITION to refer COLLECTIVELY to components such as urea, biuret, and ammonia, which are not proteins but can be converted into proteins by microbes in the RUMINANT stomach.

Correct choice is (b) Once every 12 months

For explanation: Under perfect CONDITIONS, the cow has a calf every year. When the cow FRESHENS for the first TIME and BECOMES part of the milking herd.

Right choice is (b) National RESEARCH Council

Easy explanation: The National Research Council (NRC) is the Government’s premier research organization supporting INDUSTRIAL innovation, the advancement of knowledge and technology development, and fulfilling government MANDATES.

Correct answer is (c) Milk letdown and urine contraction

Easiest explanation: Release of the hormone OXYTOCIN from the COW’s pituitary gland in the brain into the bloodstream, where it travels to the udder and causes SEVERAL IMPORTANT PROCESSES to occur. Processes include milk letdown and urine contraction.

Correct OPTION is (d) Food Animal Residue Avoidance DATABANK

To explain I would say: The Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank (FARAD) is PART of the Food Animal Residue Avoidance & Depletion Program, which has served the VETERINARY profession for more than 35 years.

Correct option is (d) Mycobacterium bovis

The EXPLANATION: BOVINE tuberculosis (TB) is a CHRONIC disease of animals caused by BACTERIA called Mycobacterium bovis, (M.bovis) which is closely RELATED to the bacteria that cause human and avian tuberculosis.

Correct CHOICE is (b) Digital DERMATITIS

The best explanation: BOVINE digital dermatitis is an infectious condition of the foot caused by bacteria called Treponemes. Infections TYPICALLY RESULT in ulcers and/or warts.

Correct option is (d) Food SAFETY and Inspection Service

Easy EXPLANATION: The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), an agency of the United States DEPARTMENT of Agriculture (USDA), is the public health regulatory agency responsible for ensuring that United States commercial SUPPLY of meat, poultry, and egg products is safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged.

Correct choice is (a) Niacin

For EXPLANATION I would say: Another SUPPLEMENT that might be USEFUL to people who consume the KETOGENIC diet is Niacin. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble NUTRIENT that also functions as a hormone in the body.

The correct choice is (C) BONE calcium

The EXPLANATION is: Having a diet with too much potassium in the weeks before calving can MAKE the COWS weak and make them downer cows.It can make them susceptible to milk fever, hence affecting the ability to mobilize bone calcium. The critical time is 4-6 weeks before calving.

Correct choice is (d) 39 percent

To elaborate: The required dietary energy concentration is a FUNCTION of the energy requirement and the feed INTAKE RATE. The cow ration should contain about 39 percent of CALCIUM.

Correct CHOICE is (c) Esophageal groove

For explanation I would say: The esophageal groove is a CURVED MUSCLE that lies in the throat of the calf. When a calf drinks WATER from a trough or eats meal and grains, the esophageal groove stays curved to direct these foods to the rumen for digestion. It is also a pathway in young cows to direct milk into the ABOMASUMS.

The CORRECT choice is (d) Corpus Luteum

Easy explanation: The corpus luteum is a temporary ENDOCRINE structure involved in ovulation and early pregnancy. During ovulation, the primary follicle leads to the formation of the secondary follicle and subsequently the mature vesicular follicle. At ovulation, the follicle ruptures expelling the ovum into the FALLOPIAN TUBE.

Correct answer is (c) Lactation records are being adjusted to the same milk fat percentage

Explanation: Fat-corrected milk (FCM) is a means of adjusting the milk yield for the AMOUNT of fat in the milk to reflect the RELATIVE energy concentration in the milk, THUS it REFLECTS the amount of energy required to PRODUCE the given amount of milk. It means Lactation records have been adjusted to the same milk fat percentage.

The CORRECT option is (b) Udder

Explanation: The interior of each quarter of the udder is composed of a TEAT cistern, a gland cistern, milk ducts, and glandular tissue. The glandular tissue PLACED deep within the udder contains MILLIONS of microscopic sacs called alveoli; each alveolus is lined with milk-producing epithelial cells.

The CORRECT choice is (b) GREEN Bay, Wisconsin

The explanation is: The National Cheese Exchange (NCE) was a private non-profit corporation that operated in Green Bay, Wisconsin. Each Friday MORNING for one-half hour, members of the NCE met to buy or SELL cheddar cheese in 40-pound blocks and 500-pound BARRELS on the exchange.

Correct CHOICE is (d) Nonforage Carbohydrates

Explanation: Some laboratories DISTINGUISH between NFC (non-fiber carbohydrate) and NSC (nonstructural carbohydrate). They define NFC by the above equation [100-(%NDF + %CP + %Fat + Ash)]. They define NSC as only the starches and sugars in the feed or forage. Starches and sugars can be DETERMINED DIRECTLY by enzymatic analysis.

Right answer is (c) Small Intestine

Explanation: Undegradable protein (RUP) is DEFINED as that portion of DIETARY protein that ESCAPES degradation by ruminal microorganisms and is PASSED into the small intestine for digestion and absorption. Metabolizable protein (MP) is defined as the true protein absorbed in the small intestine.

Correct option is (C) HIGH-producing and pregnant COWS

Easy explanation: Ruminants need a daily supply of all NUTRIENTS required for maintenance and production: milk, meat, growth and PREGNANCY. Quantitatively any of the types of a nutrient can limit performance levels, but the most likely to be in short supply are energy and protein; this is especially true for high and average yielding cows.

Correct answer is (d) Rumen

To explain I would say: DEGRADABLE Protein (RDP) is the fraction of CRUDE Protein (CP) consumed which is BROKEN down by rumen MICROBES. A much simpler bench top was PROPOSED in which feed samples are incubated with a mixture of protein- degrading enzymes extracted from the rumen.

Correct CHOICE is (b) 2.25

The best I can explain: Fats require more oxidation to become CO2 and H2O than do carbohydrates. Generally, fats provide about 9 KILOCALORIES per GRAM and carbohydrates provide about 4 kilocalories per gram.

Right answer is (C) Nonstructural CARBOHYDRATES

Explanation: NSC is Nonstructural Carbohydrate. Generally, feedstuff that is high in FIBER is low in nonstructural carbohydrates and low in ENERGY. For example, grass HAY is high fiber and low in nonstructural carbohydrates and energy.