Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

If weapon is mounted at bottom of the fuselage then it is called __________(a) internal carriage(b) external always(c) conformal(d) rail launch system alwaysThis question was posed to me in an interview for job.This interesting question is from Payload topic in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right OPTION is (c) conformal

Best explanation: When weapons are mounted at bottom of fuselage then, it is termed as conformal type of weapon carriage. DRAG PRODUCED by conformal is lower than EXTERNAL but higher than the internal weapon carriage system.

2.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of semi-submerged weapon carriage?(a) Indentation will increase structural weight in this type of weapon carriage(b) Lowest possible weight(c) Drag will be more than external carriage(d) Drag will be lower than that of the external carriageThis question was posed to me during an online interview.I'd like to ask this question from Payload in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (a) Indentation will increase structural weight in this type of weapon carriage

For explanation I would SAY: Semisubmerged type of weapon carriage will REDUCE drag and have a lesser than of the EXTERNAL weapon carriage. Semisubmerged type will increase structural weight sure to indentations in aircraft.

3.

Which of the following is correct?(a) Vision requirements will be used to determine location of cockpit(b) Crew station design is based on lift only(c) Cockpit design is not affected by visual requirements(d) Weight will be always same as liftThis question was posed to me during an online exam.My question is based upon Crew Station topic in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Correct OPTION is (a) Vision REQUIREMENTS will be used to determine location of cockpit

The BEST explanation: Unobstructed OUTSIDE vision will be used to evaluate design of cockpit. Vision requirements will affect the location of cockpit as well. Weight is not always same as lift.

4.

The term indicated by ‘?’ in following diagram _________(a) aisle width(b) aisle length(c) fuselage length(d) headroomThe question was posed to me in homework.Query is from Passenger Compartment in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right choice is (a) aisle WIDTH

To explain: As shown in the FIGURE, PASSAGE between two rows has been marked as ‘?’. The above diagram represents the typical space between two rows of seat which is KNOWN as an aisle. HENCE, the above diagram is showing aisle width.

5.

What is the headroom?(a) Vertical distance from the floor to the roof cover seat(b) Height of seat(c) Height of seat measured height of next respective seat(d) Length of one seat plus height of seatThe question was posed to me in an internship interview.I'd like to ask this question from Passenger Compartment topic in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (a) Vertical distance from the FLOOR to the roof cover seat

For explanation I would SAY: Headroom is height measured from floor to roof over seat. Headroom is one of the fundamental factor which can affect OVERALL layout of passenger cabin. A typical COMMERCIAL economy class will include headroom of more than 60in.

6.

Which of the following is correct?(a) Missile can be launched in two ways typically(b) Missile are always free fall(c) Bombs are always guided(d) All Missile and bombs adopt similar launching mechanismThis question was addressed to me in unit test.The origin of the question is Payload in portion Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Correct option is (a) Missile can be launched in two WAYS typically

To explain I WOULD say: Typically a missile can be launched in two different ways either rail guided or release mechanism. Missiles are not always FREE FALL. They could be rail guided as well. Typically bombs are not guided HOWEVER some guided bombs are in use as well.

7.

Which weapon carriage option gives more flexibility to carry different weapons?(a) Internal carriage(b) External carriage(c) Conformal(d) Rail launch system alwaysI had been asked this question in quiz.This intriguing question originated from Payload in portion Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer» CORRECT OPTION is (b) External carriage

Explanation: External weapon carriage system PROVIDES more flexibility to carry DIFFERENT weapons. This is one of the advantages of an external type weapon carriage.
8.

Which of the following is an advantage of internal weapon carriage?(a) Weapon RCS will tend to be none(b) Highest possible RCS(c) RCS is more than external(d) RCS is more than conformalThis question was addressed to me in my homework.I would like to ask this question from Payload in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right option is (a) Weapon RCS will tend to be none

The explanation is: An INTERNAL weapon carriage SYSTEM hides weapon from radar DETECTION. This is due to fact that weapons are located inside the aircraft itself in an internal weapon carriage system. CONFORMAL CONFIGURATION has more RCS than internal weapon carriage system.

9.

Higher seat back angle (>60°) will result in __________(a) improvement to withstand high- g loads(b) drag increment(c) outside vision improvement(d) maximum dragThis question was posed to me during an interview for a job.The doubt is from Crew Station in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (a) improvement to withstand high- g loads

To explain I would say: Typically, seat back ANGLE can vary from 12° to 40°. However, some more advanced studies consider seat back angle of up to 70-75 degrees. This is much HIGHER seat back angle will improve pilot’s ABILITY to withstand high g turns.

10.

Following diagram represents ___________(a) rail launch system(b) free falling(c) longerons(d) lofting processThe question was posed to me during an online exam.My doubt stems from Payload in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Correct choice is (a) rail LAUNCH system

For explanation I would say: Typically missile can be launched in two different ways. Above diagram is showing a typical rail launched mechanism. Rail launcher is typically mounted to the AIRCRAFT at either WINGTIP or a pylon.

11.

Pitch is defined as ___________(a) Distance from the back of one seat to the back of next respective seat(b) Height of seat(c) Height of seat minus height of next respective seat(d) Length of one seat plus height of seatI have been asked this question during an interview.My question comes from Passenger Compartment topic in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right choice is (a) Distance from the back of one seat to the back of next respective seat

To explain: Seat pitch is defined as the distance from the back of one seat to back of the next respective seat. HEIGHT of seat is defined from floor. By properly considering pitch of seat we can alter the NUMBER of SEATS in PASSENGER CABIN.

12.

All the fighter aircrafts incorporate only external weapon carriage.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me during a job interview.Question is taken from Payload topic in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (a) True

Explanation: Weapon carriage is to be utilized will be decided based on mission profile and requirements of the AIRCRAFT. A typical fighter aircraft doesn’t necessarily CONSIST of only EXTERNAL weapon carriage system. It can use combination of VARIOUS types of weapon carriage systems.

13.

Following diagram represents ____________(a) conformal(b) internal weapon carriage(c) external weapon carriage(d) fully submergedI got this question during an interview for a job.This intriguing question comes from Payload in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Correct choice is (a) conformal

For explanation: A TYPICAL conformal weapon carriage SYSTEM is shown in the figure. As shown in the above diagram, weapons are MOUNTED at the bottom of the fuselage. This REDUCES drag generated by weapons as compared to the external weapon carriage.

14.

In following diagram the term mark by ‘?’ is showing __________(a) headroom(b) pitch(c) seat back angle(d) over nose angleThis question was addressed to me in final exam.My doubt stems from Passenger Compartment in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer» CORRECT choice is (a) headroom

The EXPLANATION: The term MARKED by ‘?’ is called headroom. Headroom is nothing but the vertical distance MEASURED from floor to the roof over seat. Pitch of seat is used for legroom. Head clearance can be used to determine headroom requirements.
15.

Over- side vision requirements prevent locating the cockpit directly above wings.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was posed to me by my school principal while I was bunking the class.This is a very interesting question from Crew Station topic in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right OPTION is (a) True

The best I can explain: Over-side vision requirements will not let us to locate the cockpit directly above WINGS. LOCATION of cockpit is highly influenced by vision requirements. Safety CRITERIA is also used to estimating and placing the cockpit.

16.

Gun should be located near to the centerline of aircraft.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was posed to me in final exam.My doubt stems from Payload in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right OPTION is (a) True

Explanation: When gun is fired, it tends to generate recoil force. An air to air gun such as M61A1 produces recoil force about 2 or more tons. This can PRODUCE sudden yaw and to prevent or to REDUCE such EFFECTS, we should locate gun near to aircraft CENTER line.

17.

An aircraft has 6 seats in one row then, find the ideal value of aisle numbers.(a) 2(b) 5(c) 3(d) 9The question was posed to me in class test.My doubt is from Passenger Compartment in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) 2

The EXPLANATION is: Given, number of ROWS = 6

Typical number of AISLE required = 6/3 – 1= 2-1 = 1.

18.

Passenger cabin is defined by ________(a) pitch, headroom, aisle, etc(b) pitch only(c) headroom only(d) aisle onlyI had been asked this question during an online interview.My enquiry is from Passenger Compartment topic in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (a) pitch, HEADROOM, aisle, etc

Explanation: PASSENGER CABIN is defined by using number of factors such as pitch, headroom, aisle etc. Each factor will be used to determine cabin layout. Only pitch or headroom or only aisle cannot be used for layout.

19.

Following diagram represents __________(a) pitch of seat(b) headroom(c) height of seat(d) seat diameterI got this question in an interview for job.Asked question is from Passenger Compartment in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer» CORRECT CHOICE is (a) PITCH of SEAT

Easy explanation: Pitch of the seat or seat pitch is defined as the distance measured from back of one seat to the back of another seat. As shown in the figure, here distance is shown from back of one seat to back of another seat. Hence, the FOLLOWING diagram is illustrating the concept of Pitch of seat.
20.

External weapon carriage can suffer from high drag.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was asked in semester exam.This intriguing question comes from Payload in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right OPTION is (a) True

The best explanation: In a typical, external weapon carriage weapons are LOCATED OUTSIDE of the AIRCRAFT. This arrangement EXPERIENCES higher values of drag. However, it is most suitable for carrying different weapons.

21.

Following diagram represents __________(a) internal weapon carriage(b) non submerged weapon carriage(c) external weapon carriage(d) conformalThe question was posed to me in an interview for internship.My question is from Payload in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct answer is (a) internal weapon carriage

The best explanation: An internal weapon carriage SYSTEM is presented in the above diagram. As shown in the figure, weapons are located inside the aircraft itself. This helps to reduce the DRAG tremendously. Drag PRODUCED by internal weapon carriage is lowest AMONG all 4 TYPES of weapon carriage.

22.

Following diagram represents __________(a) typical gun(b) missile layout(c) rocket system(d) missile launch systemThe question was posed to me during a job interview.The doubt is from Payload in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right answer is (a) typical gun

To EXPLAIN I would say: Gun is one of the most common and IMPORTANT WEAPONS used in military aircraft. The above diagram is showing typical gun viewed from side. Gun should be LOCATED based on mission requirements. Ammunition container is typically located at AFT end of the gun as shown.

23.

Which of the following is incorrect?(a) Cockpit is always located directly above the wing(b) Lofting is mathematical model for skin(c) Conceptual design is first phase of the design process(d) Cockpit design is affected by visual requirements of pilotI got this question in an online quiz.Query is from Crew Station topic in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer» CORRECT CHOICE is (a) Cockpit is always LOCATED directly above the wing

Explanation: Cockpit is not always located at the wing. Lofting is done to provide MATHEMATICAL model of our aircraft. Conceptual design is the first phase of aircraft design process. In conceptual design we will be dealing with some fundamental principles of design of an aircraft.
24.

Crew station design is affected by?(a) Vision requirements(b) Lift only(c) Weight effects only(d) Drag required onlyI have been asked this question in an interview for job.I want to ask this question from Crew Station topic in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The CORRECT ANSWER is (a) VISION requirements

To elaborate: Vision requirements are one of the primary factor affecting overall crew station or COCKPIT design. LIFT affects aerodynamics of the aircraft. Weight will affect lift requirements.

25.

Which of the following will produce the lowest drag?(a) Internal carriage(b) External always(c) Conformal(d) Rail launch system alwaysThe question was posed to me during an interview.Question is from Payload in portion Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (a) Internal carriage

Best explanation: External weapon carriage system is known to produce the highest drag. CONFORMAL system REDUCES drag at some EXTENT. Drag produced by semi submerged falls between conformal and internal. An internal weapon carriage system will provide LEAST drag among all mentioned options.

26.

What is the grazing angle?(a) Smallest angle between pilot’s line of vision and the cockpit windscreen(b) Same as over nose angle(c) Seat back angle(d) Seat reference angleI got this question during an interview.My question comes from Crew Station in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Correct option is (a) Smallest angle between pilot’s line of VISION and the cockpit windscreen

For EXPLANATION I would SAY: The transparency grazing angle is defined as the smallest angle between pilot’s line of vision and the cockpit windscreen. It is not same as the overnose angle. SEAT reference POINT is defined as the point where seat pan meets back.

27.

Following diagram is showing ______________(a) typical external weapon carriage(b) conformal(c) internal weapon carriage(d) semi submergedThis question was posed to me during an interview.I'm obligated to ask this question of Payload topic in portion Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right answer is (a) typical external WEAPON CARRIAGE

The explanation: As SHOWN in the figure, a typical external weapon carriage type is shown. The above diagram is explaining some fundamental principles of an external weapon carriage. As shown in the figure, weapons are located at outside of the aircraft BODY; mostly below wings as shown.

28.

Following diagram represents ____________(a) rotary weapons bay(b) linear motion(c) cabin(d) cockpitThis question was posed to me during an online exam.This key question is from Payload topic in portion Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct option is (a) rotary weapons bay

The best I can explain: Rotary weapons bay is a SPECIAL type of internal weapon CARRIAGE system. A typical rotary weapons bay is SHOWN in diagram. This ARRANGEMENT can be used to LAUNCH all of the weapons through single door.

29.

Which of the following is a type of weapon carriage?(a) Conformal(b) Uni Conformal(c) Omni external(d) Tail draggerThe question was asked in exam.I want to ask this question from Payload in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (a) Conformal

To elaborate: Weapon carriage is primarily CONSIDERATION of military aircraft. Weapon carriage can be of many different types; ONE of them is conformal weapon carriage system. Tail dragger is landing gear arrangement.

30.

Overnose vision angle will be same for all aircrafts.(a) True(b) FalseI got this question in a job interview.My question is taken from Crew Station in portion Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer» RIGHT choice is (a) True

To EXPLAIN I would say: No, OVERNOSE angle is not always same for all AIRCRAFTS. Typically, military aircraft requires overnose of 17 degree for transport or bomber aircraft. However, a fighter will have overnose vision of 10-15 DEGREES.
31.

Following diagram represents ____(a) typical fighter cockpit(b) typical glider(c) typical empennage(d) wing layoutThe question was posed to me in an online quiz.The question is from Crew Station in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Correct option is (a) TYPICAL fighter cockpit

For explanation: A typical fighter cockpit is SHOWN in the diagram. The above diagram is representing a typical cockpit DESIGNED for 95th percentile pilot. Glider is type of aircraft. The empennage is tail section of aircraft. WING LAYOUT is based on its planform shape.

32.

Determine approximate value of approach angle if, overnose angle is 20° and approach speed is 100knots.(a) 13°(b) 5°(c) 2°(d) 3°The question was posed to me by my school principal while I was bunking the class.My doubt is from Crew Station in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct option is (a) 13°

The explanation is: GIVEN, overnose angle O = 20°, APPROACH SPEED V = 200knots.

Now, Approach angle A is given by,

A = O – 0.07*V = 20 – 0.07*200 = 13°.

33.

A small business jet has internal diameter of 32in. find the external diameter of passenger compartment.(a) 34 in(b) 35 in(c) 32m(d) 34mI have been asked this question in an internship interview.This intriguing question originated from Passenger Compartment in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct answer is (a) 34 in

The BEST explanation: EXTERNAL DIAMETER D = Internal diameter d + 2* structural thickness t

For a small business jet typical value of t is 1in.

Hence, D=d+2t = 32+2*1= 34in.

34.

A typical a/c has approach speed of 100 knots. If approach angle is 10° then, estimate value of overnose angle.(a) 17°(b) 25°(c) 10°(d) 40°I got this question in class test.I would like to ask this question from Crew Station in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer» CORRECT choice is (a) 17°

Explanation: Given, approach speed V=100knots, approach angle a=10°.

Now, OVERNOSE angle = a+0.07*V = 10 + 0.07*100 = 17°.
35.

Following diagram represents __________(a) typical cargo container(b) lift curve(c) aisle(d) headroomThis question was addressed to me in final exam.This is a very interesting question from Passenger Compartment topic in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right choice is (a) typical cargo CONTAINER

Easiest explanation: Cargo needs to be CARRIED in such way that it doesn’t shift during FLIGHT. Above diagram is showing typical cargo container. This diagram is showing one of the most WIDELY used cargo container design.

36.

A jumbo jet has external diameter of 150in. Calculate the value of internal diameter for passenger cabin.(a) 142in(b) 167in(c) 172in(d) 150inThe question was asked in examination.I want to ask this question from Passenger Compartment in portion Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (a) 142in

Best EXPLANATION: Given, external diameter D = 150in.

Door jumbo JET, STRUCTURAL thickness t = 4in.

Hence, internal diameter d is given by, d = D – 2*t = 150 – 2*4 = 142in.

37.

Overnose angle is defined based on?(a) Pilot’s eye point(b) Seat reference point(c) Seat length(d) CG of aircraftThe question was asked in exam.I would like to ask this question from Crew Station in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct option is (a) Pilot’s EYE point

For explanation: Pilot’s eye point is USED to define the OVERNOSE angle. Grazing angle, pilot’s HEAD clearance is also defined by using pilot’s eye point. Seat reference point can be used to provide reference to legroom.

38.

What do you mean by aisle?(a) Passage between two rows(b) Height of seat from floor(c) Height of seat measured height of next respective seat(d) Length of one seat plus height of seat of second rowThe question was posed to me in class test.I want to ask this question from Passenger Compartment in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Correct choice is (a) Passage between TWO ROWS

Best explanation: Aisle is nothing but passage between 2 rows of seats. Aisle can be USED to DETERMINE a typical number of seat rows in passenger COMPARTMENT of the aircraft.

39.

Typically, Which weapons are utilized for missions?(a) Missile, gun, bombs, etc(b) High lift device(c) Vortex generator(d) Bombs onlyThe question was posed to me during an interview.My enquiry is from Payload in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right answer is (a) Missile, gun, bombs, etc

To ELABORATE: Weapon CARRIAGE is one of the IMPORTANT parameters in military aircraft. Traditional and typical weapons are GUNS, bombs, missiles etc. High lift device is used to generate a higher lift. VORTEX generator will generate vortex.

40.

Following diagram represents ____________(a) typical ejection launch(b) typical rail launch(c) lift Increment method(d) drag reduction designThis question was posed to me in an internship interview.The query is from Payload topic in section Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Correct option is (a) typical EJECTION launch

Easiest explanation: In the above diagram a typical ejection launch MECHANISM for missile is shown. Missile is CONNECTED through some hooks which can quickly release the Missile from AIRCRAFT. Generally this system is USED for larger missiles.

41.

Why some slope is provided at the nose of an aircraft?(a) To provide unobstructed runway vision(b) To provide obstruction to vision(c) Only to increase lift(d) Only to reduce weightThe question was posed to me in final exam.My doubt is from Crew Station topic in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer» RIGHT CHOICE is (a) To provide unobstructed runway VISION

Best explanation: A cockpit design is HIGHLY affected by PILOT’s vision requirements. The Pilot must be able to view the runway when they are on final approach. Hence, to provide unobstructed runway vision nose of the a/c must slope away from the eye of pilot.
42.

Which range of pilot size are used to design a typical military aircraft?(a) Size from 5^th to 95^th percentile for male pilots(b) Size from 0^th to 2^nd percentile(c) Size of 3^rd percentile always(d) Size doesn’t concern of designThis question was addressed to me during an interview.This interesting question is from Crew Station in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer» CORRECT option is (a) Size from 5^th to 95^th PERCENTILE for male pilots

To elaborate: Typically, cockpit of an aircraft is DESIGNED for particular size range of pilot. A TYPICAL military aircraft has cockpit design which can accommodate 5^th to 95^th percentile of male pilots.
43.

Seat reference point is the point where?(a) Seat pan meets the back(b) Pilot head is located(c) Lift is concentrated(d) Weight is carried out in cockpitThis question was addressed to me in class test.My enquiry is from Crew Station in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) Seat PAN meets the back

To explain I would SAY: The point at where seat pan meets back is termed as seat reference point. It can be used to define fundamental terms in COCKPIT design. Legroom requirement, HEIGHT etc. are using seat reference point as a reference.

44.

Which of the following is correct?(a) Overnose angle = approach angle + 0.07*approach speed (in knots)(b) Overnose angle = (approach angle)^2 + 7*approach speed (in knots)(c) Overnose angle = (approach angle)^2(d) Approach angle = (Overnose angle)^2I got this question in an interview for internship.The above asked question is from Crew Station topic in chapter Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

Right choice is (a) Overnose angle = approach angle + 0.07*approach speed (in knots)

The explanation: CORRECT relation between overnose angle and approach angle is given by, Overnose angle = approach angle + 0.07*approach speed (in knots). This equation can be used only when INITIAL layout is completed and we know the exact LOCATION of pilot’s eye point and main LANDING GEAR.

45.

Typically, weapons are located near to ___________(a) CG of aircraft(b) Aft CG(c) Fore CG(d) Always at tail sectionI have been asked this question in an online quiz.The question is from Payload topic in division Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload of Aircraft Design

Answer»

The correct option is (a) CG of aircraft

Easiest explanation: Substantial portions of the TOTAL aircraft weight are WEAPONS. Typically, weapons are placed near the CG of an aircraft. This would help to make aircraft less influenced by weapons for example, aircraft can perform pitch up when weapon is RELEASED and hence, by locating near CG, we can REDUCE such effects.