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Correct option is (c) carban dioxide

Correct option is (a) poisonous

The answer is (D) All the above

1. Earth’s surface: It is the upper most part of earth. It is called Sial. It has mainly Silicon (Si) and Aluminium (Al).

2. Mantle: It is the middle part of earth called Sima. Its main components are Silicon (Si) and Magnesium (Mg).

3. Central part/Core: It is the deep inside of earth called Nife. It has more of Nickle (Ni) and Iron (Ferrous Fe).

The earth is a unique planet of the Solar System because its environment favours the evolution and survival of life to make it a life bearing layer or biosphere.

• It is the only planet supporting plant and human life.
• On the earth moderate temperatures (Mean temp. 15°C) are found. It is neither too hot like Mercury, nor too cold like Jupiter due to optimum distance of the earth from the sun.
• The presence of oxygen nad nitrogen in the atmosphere around the earth favours the existence of life on the Earth. The atmosphere protects the earth from high temperatures.
• The earth is a ‘watery planet’. Water cycle on the earth provides water for growth of all living beings. The earth is the home of man.

The hydrosphere is the part of the earth’s surface, covered by water. Rivers, lakes, seas and oceans form this sphere. More than 70 per cent of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Continents are like vast islands floating in the oceans. On the other hand, oceans are the major links between landmasses. Water supports all forms of life on the earth and is very crucial for our survival.

Man has tried to exploit the resources of Biosphere. But he has disturbed the eco-system in this attempt. Human interference with the natural environment has modified or altered the ecosystem in many areas.

1. Deforestation for cultivation has changed the habitat of the organisms living in the forests.

2. It has resulted in soil erosion.

3. Excessive cultivation, over-grazing, and shifting agriculture have increased the rate of soil erosion.

4. Irrigation projects in dry areas have resulted into salinization of soil and spread of water borne diseases.

5. Land, air and water have got polluted and have become unsuitable for human consumption.

6. In recent years, environmental pollution and presence of chemicals in air, water and food has damaged human health.

Human life is closely related to the environment, Man modifies environment according to his needs. He learnt to cultivate crops, domesticate animals and lead a settled life. He used raw materials to make finished goods.

Man is using water, land, soil and other resources at such an alarming rate that there will be serious shortage of these resources in the near future. Careless use may destroy them to such an extent that they may not be available to mankind. Man will have to live in harmony with the environment so that ecological balance is not disturbed.

The major components of the environment are natural environment (consists of all objects created by nature),human environment(consists of human beings) and human-made environment (consists of objects created by human beings).

The study of natural environment is necessary because it, provides us conditions for living like land, air, water and food. It affects our economic activities and basic needs of food, shelter and clothing. It is the basic life supporting system on the earth.

The environment that consists of all objects created by nature is called natural environment. The natural environment comprises land, water, air, plants and animals.

The answer is (B) Chlorofluorocarbon

Parks, buildings, roads and industries are some examples of human-made environment.

The answer is (A) Typhoid

(c) Both biotic and abiotic components

(a) Environment

The answer is (A) Air pollution

Answer is (d) Road

Sulphur dioxide (SO₂), Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)

Answer is (a) Desert

The answer is (D) Trees

The answer is (A) Air

The answer is (D) Crop land

(i) All plants, animals and human beings depend on their immediate surroundings. They are also interdependent on each other. This relation between the living organisms as well as the relation between the organism and their surroundings form an ecosystem.
(ii) Natural environment consists of land, water, air, plants and animals. Thus, natural environment refers to both biotic (plants and animals) and abiotic (land) conditions that exist on the earth.
(iii) The major components of the environment are—natural (land, air, water, living things), human made (buildings, parks, bridges, roads, industries, monuments, etc.) and human (individual, family, community, religion, educational, economic, etc).
(iv) Four examples of human-made environment—buildings, parks, bridges and roads.
(v) Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil. It is an irregular surface with various land forms such as mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, etc.
(vi) Plants and animals are the two major components of biotic environment,
(vii) Biosphere is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air interact with each other to support life. Thus, plant and animal kingdom together make biosphere, ie., the living world.

ecology:- the study of the relationship of living organism and non living environment.

Natural environment means the condition of air, water, land and other things surrounding.

The basic components of the environment are atmosphere or the air, lithosphere or the rocks and soil, hydrosphere or the water, and the living component of the environment or the biosphere.

Human made environment examples are dams, roads, vehicles, power plants industries.

lithosphere means the rocks and soil

the two major components of biotic components are plants and animals.

the biosphere is define as where the living organism lives .

Undesirable change in characteristics of air is called air pollution.

Environment can be mainly classified into two types:

1. Social environment 

2. Natural Environment 

The main component of social environment is human society while others biotic and abiotic components are the part of natural environment.