Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

The pressure during contraction or systole of left ventricle is called systolic blood pressure.

Formation of RBC, oxidation in tissues.

Various constituents of food which are necessary for growth and nourishing life are called nutrients. Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals are the nutrients. Carbohydrates and fats provide energy to the body. Hence, they are known as energy-giving food. Proteins facilitates growth and repair and hence it is called the body-building food. Vitamins and minerals help the body in fighting diseases. So, vitamins and minerals are called protective food.

Following are the harms of alcohol: 

• Lack of alertness. 
• Lack of control on cognitive functions. 
• Liver damage in the long run. 
• Blindness and even death may happen in case someone consumes spurious liquor. 
• Alcohol consumption can put a severe strain on one’s pocket

The pressure exerted by arteries to the blood flow is called blood pressure. In a healthy person, the blood pressure is 80/120 mm Hg. This figure shows two types of blood pressure, i.e. systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.

The pressure during relaxation or diastole of left ventricle is called diastolic blood pressure.

Synchrony between sexes ,release of large number of gametes ,vulnerable to predaters.

Oviparous –fertilised eggs covered by hard calcareous shell ,incubation young ones hatch out eg. reptiles Viviparous – zygote develops into a young ones inside the body of female eg. mammals.

Oestrus and menstrual cycles

Papaya and date palm.

Correct answer is (c) Calcium

(b) Vitamin B

• In yeast, the cell division is unequal and small buds are produced.
• In Amoeba, the cell division is equal and identical daughter cells are produced.

The off springs formed through external fertilisation are subjected to the attack of predators.

Meiocyte is a diploid cell undergo reduction division to form haploid gametes.

Embryo sac is found in Ovule

(b) fruit and seed

Dogs and cats are seasonal breeders . They have heat period during which ovulation takes place. Humans, on the other hand, have this cycle monthly.

The reproductive cycle in non-primates is called oestrus cycle, e.g., cow, sheep.

Female placental animals , exhibit cyclical changes, non-primate,cows , primate, monkeys.

Oestrus Cycle: The reproductive cycle of non- primate mammals is called oestrus cycle which consists of a few days of oestrus or heat. The female shows strong urge and allows male to copulate. 

Ex. Cow, Sheep, Tiger.

Correct answer is (b) Worms

The parents may be haploid or diploid but the gametes always have to be haploid. Diploid parents undergo meiosis to produce haploid gametes, whereas haploid parents undergo mitosis to produce haploid gametes.

In Amoeba, binary fission takes place whereas in yeast cell division occurs by budding.

Gestation: The development of a foetus inside the uterus till birth is called gestation.

Parturition: On completion of gestation, the birth of the fully - developed foetus is called parturition.

(a) Antipodals and synergids

(b) Egg nucleus + Sperm -> Sygote (2n)

Polar nuclei + Sperm -> PEN (3n) primary endosperm nucleus.

Gametogenesis – It is the formation of gametes. 

Gamete transfer – It is the transfer of male gamete to the female gamete.

It is a heat period during which sexual desire of the female animal is at peak.

(a) The time period from the fertilisation up to the birth of a baby is called gestation. The average gestation period in humans is about 9 months (about 38 weeks). 

(b) Condoms. 

(c) AIDS has no cure. Its causative organism is HIV (human Immunodeficiency Virus).

Cell- division increases the number of cells in the developing embryo.

Pre fertilization-ovule development and gamete transfer. Post fertilization - embryo genesis and pericarp formation.

Pre-fertilization, fertilization and post fertilization events.

The male and female gametes of similar size (morphologically similar).

The flower in which both reproductive organs i.e. stamen and pistil are present is called a bisexual flower. Common name Scientific name

• Mango flower – Mangefera indica
• Coconut – Cocos nucifera
• Pea – Pisum salivum
• Hibiscus – Hibiscus Rosa – sinenses
• Rose – rosa mulliflora
• Mustard – Brassica nigra

Gametogenesis and gamete transfer.

After fertilization the ovule converts into the seed and the whole ovary develops into a complete fruit. The petals and sepals dried and fall off. The fate of other parts is 

• The ovary wall forms the pericarp of the fruit. It may become fleshy, juicy or dry.
• The integument of the ovule is converted into .seed coat. The outer integument forms the tesla and the inner into tegmen. 
• Egg of the ovule divides meiotically and forms multicellular diploid embryo. 
• Polar nuclei as a result of triple fusion from endosperm. It accumulates food and functions as a nutritive tissue for the developing embryo.

Gametogenesis, Pollination.

Post -fertilisation events- formation of zygote

Zygote. One celled , diploid, vital link between two generations.

•  External fertilization –zygote formed in external medium water

eg. Frog,

•  Internal fertilization –zygote formed inside the body eg. Humanbeings. Development of zygote depends on type of life cycle and environment. Some develop thick wall ( prevent damage and desiccation) & undergo period of rest

eg. Algae, fungi.

•  Haplontic life cycle- zygote (2n) divides by meiosis to form haploid (n) spores.

•  Diplontic life-cycle- zygote (2n) divides mitotically, develops into embryo (2n).

•  Oviparous animals lay eggs out-side the female body.Eggs can be fertilized/ unfertilized. Fertilized eggs covered which hard calcareous shell, laid in safe place in the environment. Unfertilised eggs laid in water.

Example- fishes, frogs, reptiles, birds 

• Viviparous animals bear and rear the embryo inside female body, give birth to young-ones.

Advantage- proper embryonic care, protection, survival chances of young-ones greater.

Example- cows, whales, humanbeings

• Embryogenesis: development of embryo from zygote by cell division (mitosis) and cell differentiation.

Two sources of demand for foreign exchange are:

1. To purchase goods and services from abroad. 

2. To send gifts and grants to foreign countries.

Balance of trade = Value of exports – value of imports = 250 – 200 = ₹50 crore

Capital Fund

Explanation: In case of non- profit organisations, excess of assets over liabilities is termed as capital fund. It is similar to the capital account in case of profitmaking entities. Any surplus/ deficit shown by the Income and Expenditure Account will be added/ deducted from the opening capital and the net capital fund will be shown on the Liabilities side.

Correct answer is (i) Trade surplus

i. (c) Surplus

ii. (b) Income and Expenditure

iii. (b) Cash and Bank Balance

iv. (a) service

v. (a) Capital

In case of non trading concern the excess of assets over liabilities is termed as capital fund.

Explanation: Excess of assets over liabilities, in case of a not-for-profit organisation, is called capital fund. It is same as capital, which is calculated in case of profit-seeking entities. Opening capital fund is calculated by deducting opening liabilities from opening assets. It is shown on the Liabilities side of the Balance Sheet.

Excess of income over expenditure is termed as surplus.

Explanation: When income side of the Income and Expenditure Account exceeds its expenditure side, then we have surplus.

Deficit

Explanation: When the expenditure side of the Income and Expenditure Account exceeds its income side, we have deficit. In case of profit seeking entities, it is termed as loss (ascertained from Profit and Loss Account).

This statement is True.

To get the idea of sufficient income, other expenditure, for smooth run of concern, every year ‘Not for Profit’ concern prepares Income and Expenditure Account.

I = \(\frac{PRN}{100}\)

= 80,000 × \(\frac{12}{100}\) × 1

= ₹ 9600.

Thus, interest on a Bank loan ₹ 80,000 for 1 year = ₹ 9600.

Revenue receipts are those receipts that are received in the conduct of ordinary and day-to-day business activities. For instance, receipts from the sale of goods and services are the main source of revenue receipts. These receipts or incomes are received frequently in the normal course of business operations. Revenue receipts are shown on the credit side of the Income and Expenditure Account.