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Gandhiji went to Natal in South Africa to represent Dada Abdulla and Company in 1893.

Though Gandhi intended to be at Natal only three months, he ended up living in South Africa for twenty long years. He opposed the Apartheid policy that discriminated between dark skinned and pale skinned people.

He invested a new tool of protest called ‘Satyagraha’ and formulated its dos and don ts. Many South Africans take pride in declaring that “You sent us unformed Gandhi and We sent back the complete of Gandhi”.

Gandhi conceived the protest based on Sathyagraha and Non-Violence for the first time, He founded Natal Indian Congress. Gandhi published periodical ‘Indian Opinion’ for the first time to express his views and formulated the opinion of people in order to intensify the struggle further he started ‘Passive Resistance Organization’.

He started ‘Tolstoy Farm’ and Phoenix Farm’ to train the people in Sathyagraha and non-violent .peace struggles. Many people like Hermann Kallenbach, his wife Kasturba, Children lent their helping hand to Gandhiji. Finally, feeling pressured by the agitations led by Gandhiji, the government of South Africa, withdrew all restrictions and prohibitions against Indians and Black people.

Once, Gandhiji was traveling from Pretoria and Durban in first class railway compartment. He was thrown out of the compartment by a white officer. This made him to realize the hardships faced by Indians in the various places of South.

Africa. He himself has recorded that there were more hash discriminations in South Africa than in England. After leading a long struggle in South Africa, Gandhiji arrived back to India in 1915.

Nawab Wajed Ali Shah

National Committee on Islamic Banking

The correct answer is 1 and 2 only.

• The Vijayanagar rulers were great builders. During this period, palaces, temples, huge halls (mahamantapa), forts, towers, public buildings, dams, tanks, and canals were constructed.
• The Vijayanagar rulers produced a new style of architecture called a Dravida style. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• The chief characteristics of the Vijayanagara architecture were the construction of tall Raya Gopurams or gateways and the Kalyanamandapam.
• The sculptures on the pillars were carved with distinctive features.
  • The horse was the most common animal to be depicted on the pillars.
• During the period of the Vijayanagar kings, temples were built in Hampi, Shringeri, Tirupati, Kalahasti, Nandi, Kolar, Srishaila, etc.
• The finest temples of Vijayanagara are in Hampi, which has been designated as a World Heritage City.
• The important features of the Vijayanagara style of temple architecture are monolithic pillars, ornate bracelets, and decoration on the exterior side of the walls.
• Paintings at the Virabhadra temple and Lepakshi temple show the excellence of Vijayanagar painters.
• The Vijayanagar rulers inscribed the stories of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata on the walls of the various temples.
• In Lepakshi, near Hindupur, in present Andhra Pradesh, there are glorious examples of Vijayanagara paintings on the walls of the Shiva temple. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

• Their capital city, Vijayanagar, stood on the south bank of river Tungabhadra. Hence, statement 3 is NOT correct.

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• Krishnadeva Raya was a great builder.
• He founded the town Nagalapura (near Vijayanagar), in memory of his mother, Nagamba, and built tanks, gopurams, and temples in various parts of the empire.
  • The most famous among these temples are the Vittalaswamy temple and Virupaksha temples.
• The famous Hazara temple, built during the reign of Krishnadeva Raya, is, as remarked by Longhurst, “one of the most perfect specimens of Hindu temple architecture in existence”.
• We can form an idea of the architectural achievements of the Vijayanagara rulers and the ruins of Hampi from the accounts of foreign travelers, Nicolo Conti and Abdur Razak. 

Transvaal phase

Bedabrata Pain

Each feature on the earth’s surface has a location of its own. Such features of the earth’s surface having a specific location are known as spatial data. For example, the location of Trivandrum is in between north latitude 8°29′ and east longitude 76°55′. When the map of a place is to be included in G1S, its spatial data should also be given. The latitude and longitude of that place should be marked in the map.

Along with spatial data, attributes should also be included in the map. The additional information about the characteristics of each spatial data on earth’s surface are called attributes. For example, if a well is to be marked in the map, information about the characteristics of the well such as the depth of the well, whether it has a platform and retaining wall, whether it is fresh water or not and details of ownership of the well should also be marked. These are the attributes of the well.

• Spatial data : Kerala, Mizoram, Lakshadweep 
• Attributes : Population, vegetation, distribution of rainfall. 

• d is the wrong answer.
• The linear features such as road, railway, rivers

etc. are used in network analysis.

i) Spatial Data : Silent Valley, Kerala, Lakshadweep 

ii) Attributs: Population, Vegetation, Area of land

The correct answer is Nathula Pass.

• Nathula pass Passes is located in Sikkim.
  • Nathu La is a mountain pass in the Himalayas in the East Sikkim district.
    • It connects the Indian state of Sikkim with China's Tibet Autonomous Region.
    • The pass, at 4,310 m above mean sea level, forms a part of an offshoot of the ancient Tea Horse Road.
  • Nathu means "listening ears" and La means "pass" in Tibetan.
  • On the Indian side, the pass is 54 km east of Gangtok, the capital of Sikkim.
  • Only citizens of India can visit the pass, and then only after obtaining a permit in Gangtok.
  • Nathula was Sealed by India after the 1962 Sino-Indian War.
  • Nathu La was re-opened in 2006 following numerous bilateral trade agreements. 

• Taungup Pass :
  • Taungup is a principal town of the Taungup Township in the Rakhine State of the westernmost part of Myanmar.
  • As of May 2020, there is one case of COVID-19, one of two cases in not only Thandwe township but the whole Rakhine State.
  • It got 29.1 inches of rainfall on 21 July 2011.
  • It was record-breaking and there was severe flooding.
  • The population of the Taungup Urban area is 28,652 as of 2014, while Taungup Township's population is 114,437.
  • Taungup Pass is situated in Rakhine state in the westernmost part of Myanmar.
  • It is a mountain corridor connecting India and Myanmar.
  • The estimated terrain elevation above sea level is 922 meters. 
• Baralacha Pass :
  • Baralachala means summit with crossroads from Spiti, Ladakh, Zanskar, and Lahaul meet here.
  • Baralacha is a high mountain pass in the Zanskar range.
  • It connecting Lahaul district in Himachal Pradesh to Leh district in Ladakh, situated along the Leh–Manali Highway.
  • The Bhaga river, a tributary of the Chenab river.
  • It originated from Surya Taal lake.
  • The other major tributary of the Chenab River.
  • The Chandra also originates from glaciers in this region.
  • The pass also acts as a water-divide between the Bhaga river and the Yunam river.
• Banihal Pass :
  • Banihal Pass is a mountain pass across the Pir Panjal Range at a maximum elevation of 2,832 m.
  • It connects the Kashmir Valley in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir to the outer Himalayas and the plains to the south.
  • In the Kashmiri language, "Banihāl" means blizzard.
  • Banihal pass is a popular pass in Jammu and Kashmir.
  • It connects Banihal with Qazigund.
  • It connects Srinagar with Kargil and Leh.

Explanation:

Conventional energy source

• Conventional energy sources are natural energy resources that are present in a limited quantity and are being used for a long time.
• They are formed from decaying matter over hundreds of millions of years.
• These resources have been depleted to a great extent due to their continuous exploitation.
• If once they are depleted, we have to find a substitute for it as they cannot be renewed, and hence they are called as non - renewable energy sources. Currently, they are being used up more quickly than they can replace themselves.
• Examples of conventional sources of energy include coal, petroleum, biomass, natural gas, and electricity.

Non-Conventional energy source

• Non-conventional sources of energy are the energy sources that are renewable by natural processes.
• These cannot be exhausted easily, can be generated constantly so can be used again and again.
• These sources do not pollute the environment and do not require heavy expenditure. 
• They are called renewable resources as they can be replaced through natural processes at a rate equal to or greater than the rate at which they are consumed.

• The various non-conventional energy sources in which technological developments are under process to harness energy for power generation.
  • Solar energy
  • Wind energy
  • Energy from biomass and biogas
  • Tidal energy
  • Hydrogen energy
  • Ocean thermal energy
  • Geothermal energy
  • Fuell cells

Hence, Coal will be the odd one out since the rest all are non-conventional energy sources.

1  D) was at school with John Fuller.

2  B) to see how John Fuller had changed over the years.

3  C) No Longer Ordinary

1  B) the writer expresses a feeling of contentment.

2  D) took the boat out to enjoy themselves rather than to catch fish

3  E) observing the movements of fish around their boat.

1  A) teaches us the real meaning of happiness.

2  D) as long as they are satisfied with the things they have.

3  B) a lot of people who should be happy are not

1  E) the Deakins realized that they had made a mistake.

2  C) had wasted a lot of time traveling

3  D) fully expected to enjoy living in central London.

The correct answer is 12.

• The ranking of Bihar in India in terms of area is 12.

• The total geographical area of Bihar - 94,163sq km.
• Total forest area - 7288sq km.
• Percentage of the total area of Bihar 7.74%
• Highly compacted forest area - 248 sq km.
• Protected forest area in the state- 3208.47sq km.
• Non-protected forest area in the state - 76.3 sq km.

• Goa (3,702 sq km) is the smallest state.
• Lakshadweep (32 sq km) is the smallest union territory in India on the basis of area.

1  D) became rich after his uncle’s death.

2  E) James has changed since he became rich.

3  A) since he is a rich man

The correct answer is Someshwar.

• Someshwar Fort is the highest peak of Bihar.
• It is part of a Shiwalik hill.
• It is situated in West of Champaran district.
• Nitish Kumar is the Chief Minister of Bihar.

The correct answer is Dhupgarh.

• Dhupgarh is the highest peak of the Satpura range.

• Satpura Range is a part of the Deccan plateau.
• It is a series of seven mountains. Hence, called Satpura.
• It runs in an east-west direction south of the Vindhyas and in between the Narmada and the Tapi, roughly parallel to these rivers.
  It stretches for a distance of about 900 km.
• Dhupgarh which is 1,350 m high is located near Pachmarhi on Mahadev Hills.

• Kalsubai is the highest peak in Maharashtra.  
  • It is located in the Western Ghats.
• Doddabetta is the highest peak of the Nilgiri Hills.
• Anamudi is the highest peak of the Western Ghats.

1  C) knew what sort of person he needed for his clinic.

2  C) The Right Receptionist

3  D) Jenny was the right person for the job

Correct option is A) dog

Correct option is C) in

Correct option is D) than

 Internal trade

Explanation:

• The buying and selling of goods and services within the boundaries of a nation are referred to as ‘Internal Trade’ or ‘Domestic Trade’ or ‘Home Trade’.
• Hence, this illustration relates to the concept of ‘internal trade’ as Maharashtra purchased wheat within the country i.e. Punjab.

Correct option is C) effort

a) Net Value Added at Factor Cost (NVA @ FC) 

= (i)+(iii)+(iv)+(vi)-(v) 

= ₹6800+₹200+₹50+₹20-₹100 

= ₹6,970crore

b) Component of net factor income from abroad are: 

i. Net compensation of employees 

ii. Net income from property and entrepreneurship 

iii. Net retained earnings of resident companies abroad

a) The traditional practices can help in controlling contamination without the use of chemical fertilizers, as follows:

 i.  Neem trees and its by products are a natural pest-controller, which has been used since ages in India. Recently, the government promoted the sale Neem coated urea as a measure of natural pest control. 

ii. Large variety of birds should be allowed to dwell around the agricultural areas, they can clear large varieties of pests including insects

b) The given statement is quite appropriate with reference to the ‘casualisation of labour’ in India.

i) For casual workers, the rights of the labour are not properly protected by labour laws. Particularly, during pandemic times, as demand for goods and services fell the casual workers were left jobless, without any compensation or support. 

ii) During the COVID-19 lockdown millions of casual workers lost their jobs, raising the question of their survival. Also, additional health expenditure added to their troubles. Had such workers been working under the formal sector, it would have given them some respite in their difficult times.

(c) Ducts

The conditioned air is supplied to the conditioned space through Ducts.

Cobra pose is also known as Bhujangasana.

(a) G.I. Sheets

The ducts normally used are made of G.I. Sheets.

Before applying nail paint, place the toe separator between the toes.

1. Base coat application. 

2. Choose the colour. 

3. Apply nail paint.

4. Apply top coat

(b) Hot wire relay

Hot wire relay is also a current type relay.

This mission aims to clean up Indian cities, towns, and villages. One of its main aims was to achieve an open-defecation free India by October 2, 2019, the 150th anniversary of the birth of Mahatma Gandhi, by constructing toilets across the country.

1. Disinfect the work area. 

2. Sterilize the tools and equipments.

Paraffin manicure: It involves use of paraffin wax in a regular manicure process. 

This manicure works great for dehydrated hands or over worked hands. It makes your hands soft and is extremely relaxing.