Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

The correct answer is Panvar 

• After the failure of August's offer, Gandhi decided to initiate a limited satyagraha on an individual basis by a few selected individuals in every locality.
• The aims of launching individual satyagraha were:
  • to show that nationalist patience was not due to weakness;
  • to express people's feeling that they were not interested in the war they made no distinction between Nazism and the double autocracy that ruled India;
  • to give another opportunity to the Government to accept Congress' demands peacefully.
• Vinoba Bhave was the first to offer the satyagraha and Nehru, the second.
• By May 1941, 25,000 people had been convicted for individual civil disobedience.
• In Pavnar the leader of the Individual Satyagraha movement, Acharya Vinoba Bhave started this movement.
• The individual Satyagraha movement was not to seek independence but to affirm the rights of speech.
• Vinayak Narahari Vinoba Bhave was an Indian advocate of nonviolence and human rights and also best known for the Bhoodan movement.

• Panchsheel Principles 
• Non-alignment 
• Anti-racist 
• Emphasis on the necessity for foreign aid

Correct option is (ii) Germany 

• The Planning Commission of India came into existence on March 15, 1950 with Prime Minister Nehru as Chairman. The first Vice Chairman was Gulsarilal Nanda. 
• The Commission introduced centralised planning in India. It devised many projects for the economic progress of India. The most important ones were the Five Year Plans which helped in the agricultural and industrial progress of India.

• APJ Abdul Kalam, the 11th President of lndia was a scientist and researcher and is regarded as the father of Indian Missile Technology. 
• He was a renowned expert in missile technology.
• Dr.Kalam was the head of ISRO and played a major role in developing satellite launch vehicles (PSLV, SLV3)
• He is known as the missile man of India.

• Council of Scientific and Industrial Research 
• Indian Council for Agricultural Research 
• Indian Council of Medical Research

• Homi.J.Bhabha 
• S.N.Bhatnagar

India’s achievements in science and technology and space research after independence are very remarkable.

Science and Technology: Progress of scientific research is a precondition of agricultural and industrial development. Technology and technocrats played a significant role in the development in India’s agricultural progress and industrialisation. Under Jawaharlal Nehru who was an ardent admirer of modem science and technology India attained great progress in science and technology.

Several research institutes like Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Indian Council for Agricultural Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, etc. came into being. Two stalwarts of Indian science Homi.J.Bhabha and S.N.Bhatnagar helmed the projects of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research.

The Atomic Energy Commission was started in 1948 to utilize atomic energy for development. Eminent atomic scientist Homi.J.Bhabha was appointed as the Chairman of the Commission . He was also the head of Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. Several world class engineering institutes were started. Between 1954 and 1964, five IITs were started.

Nehru’s strongly believed to minimize Indian’s dependence on western countries in science and technology. Subsequently India attained tremendous progress in medical science, biomedical engineering, genetics, biotechnology, health science, transportation, marine technology, information technology and atomic energy.

Space research: 

Independent, India conducted various space explorations and experiments. In 1962, Nehru, with the technical advice of Vikram Sarabhai, formed the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR). Following this, in 1969, Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) was established to lead space research.

The first rocket launching station was established at Thumba, near Trivandrum.

As a result of the collective efforts of India’s space research experts, first artificial satellite Aryabhatta was successfully launched in 4 975. In addition to satellites, space vehicles and rocket launchers were also developed. It was because of the farsightedness of Nehru that India became the first developing nation to make and launch satellites.

The agencies that develop satellites in India include:

• National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA) 
• Physical Research Laboratory (PRL)

India has also advanced much in missile technology. Agni and Prithvi are the missiles developed by India. Dr. Raja Ramanna and Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam led experiments in atomic energy sector

With the new space missions Chandrayan and Mangalayan, India has entered a new era in space exploration. Chandrayan which began in 2008 is Indian’s first lunar mission. With this ‘ India became a member in the coveted group to launch space shuttle to the lunar orbit after USA, Russia, European Space Agency, China and Japan.

Mangalayan is the space mission of India to Mars. It is the Indian made space shuttle that covered the long distance in space. India is all set to take new experiments in space.

Independent India achieved remarkable progress on science and technology fields. Science and technology has very significant role in India’s agricultural as well as industrial developments. Several research institutions and five Indian Institution of technologies were set up in India soon after independence. India also gained rapid progress in medical education, biomedical engineering, nuclear science, biotechnology, health, transportation, oceanic research information technology, space research, etc. All these developments lead to overall development of the country.

The correct answer is An avatar.

• Avatar -
  • It is an image or username that represents a person online, most often within forums and social networks.

• A selfie:-
  • an image that includes oneself (often with another person or as part of a group) and is taken by oneself using a digital camera especially for posting on social networks. 
• A bio:-
  • It is a detailed description of someone's life, professional background, education history, achievements, and skillset.
• A mask:-
  • It is something that we wear that covers our face or part of our face. 

(d) The Eighth Five-Year Plan

• Agriculture and industrial sectors flourished. 
• Eradication of poverty.
• Improvement in education sector. 
• Formation of iron and steel industrial firms.
• Major dams.

Correct option is (ii) 1951 

In 1947 Britain gave freedom to India. But regions like Goa, Daman and Diu were under Portuguese control while Pondicherry, Mahe, Yaman, and Karaikal were under French domination. In 1954 the French settlements were liberated while the Portuguese settlements were liberated in 1961. That is why it is said that India got complete independence in 1961.

• Flourished agriculture and industrial sectors progress in poverty alleviation, energy production, and education.
• Recent development in these fields may be mentioned.

• This agreement was signed between India and China.
• This agreement was signed for maintaining mutual relationship.
• Mutual non-aggression. 
• Other provisions being the mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty.
• Each of the provisions of the agreement aimed for mutual relationships.

• Availability of water for agriculture.
• Availability of electricity for industries 
• Increased agricultural production.

Instead of public sector, private sector gained priority.

Role of major dams : 

Major dams had a significant role in modernising Indian economy. They were the primary sources for irrigation and electricity. Bhakra Nangal Project is the largest multipurpose project in the country. Several other major dams are also built for irrigation and power generation. This increased agricultural production and industrial production.

• Focusing on primary education and continuing education.
• Launching Operation Black Board Scheme to universalise primary education and to improve the infrastructure facilities in schools. 
• Setting Navodaya Vidyalaya in every district. 
• Encourage girl’s education.

Dr. Radhakrishnan Commission was appointed in 1948. 

Objectives : To study university education.

Recommendations:

• Start professional educational institutions. 
• Give emphasis to women education. 
• Form the University Grants Commission.

Lakshmana Swami Mudaliar Commission was appointed in 1952. 

Objectives : To study secondary education.

Recommendations:

• Implement three language formula. 
• Form secondary education commission. 
• Establish multipurpose schools.
•  Form a council for teacher training.

Kothari Commission was appointed in 1964. 

Objectives : To propose a national pattern of education.

Recommendations:

• Implement 10 + 2 + 3 pattern of education. 
• Start vocational education at secondary level. 
• Focus on moral education.

(c) Of the Jallianwala Bagh tragedy

(c) Bharat Vidhata

(a) Mohammed Iqbal

(c) Vaishnava Jana To Tene Kahiye