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(d) Mr X will likely to be flown over Black Sea. Since Black Sea is bounded by Europe, Anatolia and Caucasus, it is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean.

d. Buenos Aires

The correct answer is anthracite.

• Coal is classified mainly into three types lignite, bituminous, and anthracite.
• Anthracite - It is considered to be the highest quality coal as it contains 94 to 98 per cent carbon content.
• Bituminous - It contains 78 to 86 per cent carbon content. It is a solid sedimentary rock, which is black or dark brown in colour.
• Lignite - It contains 28 to 30 per cent carbon content. It is used to generate electrical energy.
• This coal is brown in colour.
• Peat - This is the first step in the formation of coal. It has less than 27 per cent of carbon content.
• Peat deposits are gradually changed to lignite coal. 

April 1930 the Chittagong armoury raid take place.

M.S Swaminathan is the father of Green revolution is India.

Lal Bahadur Shastri gave the famous slogan "Jay Jawan, Jay Kisan".

Chandrashekhar is known from the name of young turk.

Pandit Nehru was five-point programme started.

Bhagat Singh first attended the congress session at Calcutta.

Gokhale presided over the Banaras session of the congress.

The father of Green Revolution of India was M.S. Swaminathan.

Indira Gandhi gave the slogan "Eradicate Poverty"

The correct answer is Waiting for a Visa.

• Waiting for a Visa is a 20-page autobiographical life story of B. R. Ambedkar written in the period of 1935–36.
  • It consists of reminiscences drawn by Ambedkar, related to his experiences with untouchability, in his own handwriting.
  • The book is used as a textbook at Columbia University.
  • The book consists of a very brief introductory passage followed by six sections; relating Ambedkar's experiences with untouchability, starting from his childhood.
  • Sections 1,2,3 and 4 consists of Ambedkar's own experiences, while Sections 5 and 6 consist of other people's experiences with untouchability.

• Who Were the Shudras is a history book published by Indian social reformer and polymath B. R. Ambedkar in 1946.
  • The book discusses the origin of the Shudra Varna. Ambedkar dedicated the book to Jyotirao Phule.
• Riddles in Hinduism is one of his many works B.R. Ambedkar did not get to publish in his lifetime.
  • Ambedkar began writing Riddles in Hinduism in the first week of January 1954 and completed it by the end of November 1955.
• Annihilation of Caste is an undelivered speech written in 1936 by B. R. Ambedkar. B.R.
  • Ambedkar was the first highly educated, politically prominent Dalit.
  • He wrote The Annihilation of Caste for the 1936 meeting of a group of liberal Hindu caste-reformers in Lahore.

The congress condemned the 1935 Act as totally Disappointing.

 R.D.Mangles  the head of the East India Company in 1857.

(c) Vallabhbhai Patel

The correct answer is Neemchuna Farmers Movement.

•  Mahatma Gandhi considered the Neemchuna Farmers Movement massacre as even extreme of Jallianwala Bagh.
• And termed it “Dyrism Double Distilled” in Young India Newspaper.

• Mev Farmers Movement, 1932-35
  • In 1932 farmers of Kishangarh, Ramgarh, Lakshmangarh & Tijara (Mev Region) started a movement under the leadership of Mohd. Ali.
  • In 1933, in Alwar demands of farmers were agreed upon.
  • However, in Bharatpur Farmers stopped paying land revenue for Kharif crops but the government did not let the movement succeed.
  • Gradually the movement turned communal and leader Anjuman Khaidm-ul-Islam raised demands for separate schools for Muslims, a significant place for the Urdu language, and jobs for Muslims in Govt.
• Alwar Famers Movement 1921
  • Wild-pigs were reared in Alwar State. Whenever the pigs were released they caused damage to the standing crops of farmers.
  • But due to restriction, these could not be killed.
  • In 1921, farmers organized a movement against the practice.
  • As a result, the government allowed the killing of wild-pigs, and movement was withdrawn.
• Jat Farmers Movement, 1880
  • This farmer movement was organized at Matrakundiya pargana in Chittor in Udaipur State.
  • Maharana Fateh Singh was the ruler.
  • The Jat farmers of the region organized this revolt against the excess land-revenue.

The correct answer is The Rowlatt Act.

• The Rowlatt Act (Black Act) was passed on March 10, 1919, authorizing the government to imprison or confine, without a trial, any person associated with seditious activities.
• This led to nationwide unrest. Gandhi initiated Satyagraha to protest against the Rowlatt Act.
• Under the command of Colonel Reginald Dyer, soldiers opened fire on a large number of people gathered at Jallianwala Bagh on 13 April 1919.
  • It was estimated that over 1,000 people lost their lives and another 1,500 people were injured in the firing.
• Apart from the main entrance, there was no way for the crowd to escape the garden as the area was surrounded by buildings. This is a major reason for the high number of casualties.

• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre is also called the Massacre of Amritsar.
• Tagore was awarded the knighthood by King George v in1915, but he repudiated it in 1919 as a protest against the Amritsar (Jallianwala Bagh) Massacre.
• He is sometimes referred to as “the Bard of Bengal”.
• After this massacre, Gandhi began his first large-scale and sustained nonviolent protest (satyagraha) campaign, the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22).

•  Lord Lytton passed the Vernacular Press Act in 1878.
  • By this act, the magistrates of the districts were empowered, without the prior permission of the Government, to call upon a printer and publisher of any kind to enter into a Bond, undertaking not to publish anything which might “rouse” feelings of disaffection against the government.
• The Arms Act, 1959 that deals with the regulation of arms in India.
  • The Act defines arms to include firearms, swords, and anti-aircraft missiles.

S. Vidyarthi was the congress socialist party formed.

1909 Gandhi write Hind Swaraj.

The Hind Swaraj was originally written in Gujarati.

1934 was the congress socialist party formed.

Siddhu, kanhu, chand, Bhareo were the leaders of Santhal uprising.

S.V. Tambe was the leader of swaraj party in the central provinces.

The correct answer is Lord Dalhousie.

• The chief instrument through which Lord Dalhousie implemented his policy of annexation was the ‘Doctrine of Lapse’.
  • Under the Doctrine of Lapse, when the ruler of a protected state died without a natural heir, his/her state was not to pass to an adopted heir as sanctioned by the age-old tradition of the country.
• Lord Dalhousie came to India as the Governor-General in 1848.
• Lord Dalhousie was keen on annexing the kingdom of Avadh.

Allahabad was the swaraj party formed in March, 1923.

The correct answer is (i), (iii), (iv) & (ii).

• The correct chronological order of the following events is first Lucknow Pact, second Jallianwala Massacre, third Death of Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and fourth Formation of Swaraj Party.

​

• Lucknow Pact:
  • ​The Lucknow Pact was an agreement between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
  • A joint session of both the parties held in Lucknow in December 1916.
  • Through the pact, the two parties agreed to allow representation to religious minorities in the provincial legislatures.
• Jallianwala Massacre:
  • ​The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre.
  • It took place on 13 April 1919, when Acting Brigadier-General  Dyer ordered troops of the British Indian Army to fire their rifles into a crowd of unarmed Indian civilians in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar.
  • It killed at least 379 people.
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak:
  • Place of Birth:
    • Ratnagiri, Maharashtra on 23 July 1856
  • Association:
    • Indian National Congress,
    • Indian Home Rule League,
    • Deccan Educational Society
  • Movement: 
    • Indian Independence Movement
  • Political Ideology: 
    • Nationalism
    • Extremism
  • Publications: 
    • The Arctic Home in the Vedas (1903);
    • Srimad Bhagvat Gita Rahasya (1915)
  • Passed Away: 1 August 1920 
• ​Formation of the Swaraj Party:
  • ​The Swaraj Party was established as the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party.
  • It was a political party formed in India on 1 January 1923.
  • It was formed after the Gaya annual conference in December 1922 of the National Congress.
  • The main intent of the organisation self-government and political freedom for the Indian people from the British Raj.

(a) Motilal Nehru

The correct answer is (A) - (iii), (B) - (iv), (C) - (ii), (D) - (i).

•  Mt. Whitney:
  • ​Mount Whitney is the tallest mountain in the contiguous United States and the Sierra Nevada, with an elevation of 14,505 feet.
  • The mountain is partially dome-shaped, with its famously jagged ridges extending to the sides.
• Mount Kosciuszko:
  • ​Previously known as Mount Kosciusko is mainland Australia's highest mountain, at 2,228 metres (7,310 ft) above sea level.
  • It is located on the Main Range of the Snowy Mountains in Kosciuszko National Park, part of the Australian Alps National Parks and Reserves, in New South Wales, Australia.
• Mt. Kilimanjaro:
  • ​Mount Kilimanjaro is a dormant volcano in Tanzania.
  • It has three volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi and Shira.
  • It is the highest mountain in Africa and the highest single free-standing mountain in the world with a height of 5,895 metres above sea level.
• Aconcagua:
  • Aconcagua is a mountain in the Principal Cordillera of the Andes mountain range, in Mendoza Province, Argentina.
  • It is the highest mountain in the Americas, the highest outside Asia, and the highest in both the Southern and the Western Hemispheres.
  • Its summit has an elevation of 6,961 metres.

The correct answer is Mount Aconcagua.

• Aconcagua is the highest mountain peak in the Andes Mountains of South America.

• It is the highest mountain in the world outside of Asia.
• However, the continent of Asia has so many high mountains that its place on the global level is very low.
• Its height is 6,962 m.
• The Elbrus Mountains is part of the Caucasus mountain range.
• Its height is 5,642 m.

The correct answer is Barwara - Bhairach - Taragarh - Dilwara.

• The highest peak in Northern Aravali hills
  • Raghunathgarh(Sikar) - 1055 meter
  • Khoh (Jaipur) - 920 meter
  • Bhairach (Alwar) - 792 meter
  • Barwara (Jaipur) - 786 meter
• The highest peak in Central Aravali hills
  • Goramji (Ajmer) - 934 meter
  • Taragarh (Ajmer) - 870 meter
  • Naag Pahar(Ajmer) - 795 meter
•  The highest peaks in Southern Aravali hills
  • Gurushikar (Sirohi) - 1722 meter
  • Ser (Sirohi) - 1597 meter
  • Dilwara(Sirohi)-1442 meter

• The highest mountain peak in Rajasthan is Gurushikar (1722 meters).
• The highest mountain peak in India is Kangchenjunga (8586 meters).
• The highest mountain peak in the World is Mount Everest (8848 meters). 

The correct answer is Bihar.

• A person aged seven and above, who can both read and write with understanding in any language, is treated as literate.
• Children below five years of age were necessarily treated as illiterates until the 1991 census.
• The 15^th official census in India was calculated in the year 2011.

• According to the 2011 census:
  • The national literacy rate in the country is 74.04%.
    • The literacy rate among males is 82.14%.
    • The literacy rate among females is 65.46%.
  • Kerala retained the top with a 93.91% literacy rate.
  • Bihar ranks the last in the overall ranking with a 63.8% literacy rate.
  • Serchip in Mizoram is the most literate district in India.
  • Alirajpur in Madhya Pradesh is the least literate district in India.
  • Lakshadweep is the most literate union territory in India with a 91.85% literacy rate.
  • Dadra Nagar Haveli is the least literate union territory in India with a 76.24% literacy rate.

The correct answer is Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh.

• According to the census of 2011, the sequence of top five most populated states of India is Uttar Pradesh, Maharastra, Bihar, West Bengal, and Madhya Pradesh whose populations are 199812341, 112374333, 104099452, 91276115, and 72626809 respectively.

• There are presently 28 states in India.
• The total population of the country is 1.21 billion presently.
• According to the State Census 2011, the most populated state in India is Uttar Pradesh with a population of 19.96 crores.
• The least populated state in the country is Sikkim with a population of 60, 7688.
• The census of Indian states in 2011 reveals that Kerala is the highest literate state in the country with a 93.91% literacy rate.
• Bihar is the least literate state with a literacy rate of 63.82%.
• The Indian census 2011 state-wise shows that Kerala represents the highest sex ratio with 1084 females per 1000 males while Haryana features the lowest sex ratio in India with just 877 women per 1000 males.

The Correct answer is Uttar Pradesh.

• As per the 2011 Census
  • Most Populous State- Uttar Pradesh.
  • Least Populous State- Sikkim.
  • Highest Sex Ratio- Kerala.
  • Highest Literacy- Kerala.
  • Highest Population Density- Bihar

• The Census of India is conducted after every 10 years.
• The first Census began in the year 1872 under the Viceroy Lord Mayo.
• The first complete census was taken in 1881.

• As per the 2011 Census
  • Total Population of India- 1,210,854,977
    • Males- 623,724,568
    • Females- 586,469,294
  • Population Density- 382 per sq Km
  • Sex Ratio- 1000:940
  • Literacy- 74%
    • Males- 82.10%
    • Females- 65.46%

Correct option is (C) Madam Bhikaji Cama

• There were certain aspects in which the Civil Disobedience Movement differed from the Non-Cooperation Movement. These comparisons are as follows:
• The stated objective of the Civil Disobedience Movement was complete independence and not vaguely-worded Swaraj.
• Civil Disobedience Movement had an objective of Purna Swaraj. The Purna Swaraj Demand was made in the Lahore session of congress by J.L.Nehru in 1929. while Non- Cooperation Movement had the objective of Swaraj.​ Hence statement A is Correct.
  • Swaraj-Swaraj lays stress on governance, not by a hierarchical government, but by self-governance through individuals and community building.
  • Poorna swaraj-means Declaration of the Independence of India was promulgated by the Indian National Congress on 26 January 1930.
• The methods involved a violation of the law from the very beginning and not just non-cooperation with foreign rule.
• There was a decline in forms of protests involving the intelligentsia, such as lawyers giving up the practice, students giving up government schools to join national schools and colleges.
• Muslim participation was nowhere near that in the Non-Cooperation Movement level. Hence statement B is Incorrect.
• No major labour upsurge coincided with the movement.
• The massive participation of peasants and business groups compensated for the decline of other features.
• The number of those imprisoned was about three times more this time.
• Congress was organizationally stronger.

Mohammad Ali Jinna gave two Nation theory.