Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Correct option is A) in

Correct option is D) shock

Correct option is B) American

(a) relocation center

The author claims the best manner of making tea is the subject matter of violent disputes. He compliments china tea for being economical but also says one does not feel rejuvenated after drinking it. One doesn’t feel braver, wiser, more optimistic or stimulated after drinking the Chinese tea. He says army tea tastes of grease and white wash. In Britain there are two schools of thought (i.e.) milk first school and tea first school (i.e.) one school claiming that milk must be poured first and tea added later and another school claiming that tea must be poured first and milk to be added next.

He says those who take tea with sugar for its sweetness alone as misguided people. He says that they could very well add salt and pepper to tea and drink it. He claims that there are some mysterious social etiquette surrounding teapot. It is vulgar to drink tea out of one’s saucer. There are some subsidiary uses of tea leaves such as telling fortunes, predicting the arrival of visitors, feeding rabbits, healing burns and sweeping the carpet.

Reporter: How did you become the owner of such a large chain of grocery stores?

Brown : I couldn’t read nor write and being an uneducated person I lost my job.

Reporter: What do you mean by saying that the reason is because you could not read or write?

Brown : Yes because of that, I had to leave my job as the vicar of St. Peter’s church.

Reporter: Why did you leave your job as vic’ar of St. Peter’s church?

Brown : I was sent away by the Priest as I couldn’t read nor write as the Vicar.

The correct answer is Marc Marquez.

• Marc Marquez won MotoGP Thai Grand Prix 2019.
• MotoGP Thai Grand Prix 2019 was held in Chang International Circuit.

Ranking 2019:

Advantages of inbreeding:

1. Due to increase in homozygosity, the stamping ability or prepotency of inbred line increases. 

2. It helps to eliminate lethals and semi lethals due to homozygosity. 

3. It increases genetic variance between lines and reduces genetic variance within lines.

Firsdtly, their partly-filled bottle of oxygen got exhausted. They had only one oxygen bottle to carry. With reduced load of 20 litre bottle, Hillary cut steps down off the South Summit. So, he felt a sense of freedom and well-being.

The basic steps involved in ice cream manufacture include mixing of ingredients, pasteurization, homogenization, ageing, freezing, hardening and storage.

Andrew has an unconventional swing but he manages to drive the ball farther than some professional golfers.

Reference: These lines are from the poem ‘Ulysses” written by Alfred Tennyson.

Context: The poet says these words while discussing the mental agony of Ulysses who is unable to settle down with his ageing wife Penelope and son Telemachus.

Explanation: Ulysses finds doling out justice to a savage people as ‘boring’. He does not want to settle down and die in Ithaca. He compares himself to a sword which may rust if left unused. He wants to lead an active and adventurous life till his death.

Two figures came towards them a couple of hundred feet about their camp. They were George Lowe and Wilfrid Noyce, and it was thoughtful of them because Hillary’s oxygen ran out just then.

Reference: This line is from Edwin Muir’s poem “The Castle”.

Context: The helpless soldier says this while being surprised by the enemies who bribed the wicked wicket gate keeper.

Explanation: The soldier was initially proud of their fortified castle, brave and loyal soldiers and pile of arms and the well-stocked granary to last a siege. There was vigil behind the turret wall. But he was not aware of the enemy within the human soul: the greed. Gold was their enemy for which they had no weapon. The wizened warder had let the enemy in through the wicket gate by taking “gold”. The weakness of the gatekeeper for gold made the strong castle weak.

Correct option is E) distracts

Correct option is E) bald

• In the first stage, the raw material clay is dug from the soil by a digger and lumps of clay are placed on a metal grid and broken into smaller pieces, which fall through a roller.
• They are later mixed with sand and water to make a uniform mixture.
• Brick-shaped pieces are subsequently formed either by using a mould or by cutting the clay mix with a wire cutter.
• The raw bricks are then hardened, stacked in a drying oven and left for one or two days. The dried bricks are finally heated in a kiln, first to a moderate temperature and then to a high temperature.
• They are finally transferred to a chamber to cool and harden slowly over two to three days before being transported to customers.

(a) A publisher spends the maximum in binding the books. 

(b) Twenty five percent of the expenditure is incurred on printing. 

(c) The royalty for the author is 15%.

Teacher : Why are you late today? 

Student: I went to hospital with my mother. 

Teacher : Who is sick? 

Student: My mother is down with a viral infection. 

Teacher : Couldn’t your father accompany her to the hospital? 

Student: I am afraid that there wasn’t any alternative as my father was out of station.

Correct option is A) impervious

The narrator was very proud of the awe-inspiring castle. The soldiers were least bothered about the enemy who was just half a mile away. They had a well -guarded, tall, smooth and insurmountable fort. They were led by a brave captain. The soldiers were loyal and ready to lay down their lives for protecting the castle and the trusting citizens of their country. There was constant vigil from the turret wall to shoot down the enemy at sight.

They were proud that only a bird could have the temerity to scale over the fortified castle. They were even prepared for a siege as they had well-stocked granaries. In the event of the outbreak of a war, allies were ready to rush with their assured forces in support of them. But the soldiers were unaware of the truth, “the strength of the strongest chain lies in its weakest link”. An aged warder of a wicked wicket gate had a cancerous growth of greed.

As the enemy was hidden within the soul of their own citizen, they had no weapon to fight it. Gold was ultimately their enemy. The wicked gate keeper betrayed his country for a bag full of gold. The great citadel fell without even a groan of protest and without shedding “a jot of blood.”

The poet shares his wisdom with his son who is at the threshold of manhood. He persuades his son to be hard like steel or rock to withstand challenges and unforeseen betrayals in life. A person with soft heart will crumble before a breach of trust. Similarly he wants his son to be discerning enough to be soft when needed to grow like a frail flower plant splitting a rock. 

Occasionally one has to go with the current because life is at times fertile with a lot of opportunities to grow even among the harshest circumstances. ‘Rich soft wanting’ can help a person to win against all odds. He reiterates this idea by explaining how gentleness can reform a hardened criminal when lashes would, in contrast, harden them further.

Baldwin and Gresham were boyhood chums. They went to school together. Their friendship flowered into a lifetime bondage as it was sustained for thirty five years. When Baldwin’s son was being baptised in the church, Gresham was present. Baldwin expressed his wish that his son John Gresham Baldwin grew up to Gresham’s standard in life. Baldwin was paid only 60 dollars a week for working as a Governor of the private bank founded by Gresham.

Accidentally, Baldwin found out how Gresham was siphoning money very cleverly from the deposits technically without really causing any loss to the depositors. But Baldwin was loyal to Gresham only as long as he was honest. Once he parted ways with honesty, Baldwin would also part ways with Gresham. By the force of his upright character, Baldwin advised him to close the bank and return the deposit to the customers.

Third National Bank was ready to help the reorganization of the bank. Meanwhile, Gresham was arrested. The court could not nail Gresham as there was not a shred of evidence to prove his guilt. If Baldwin testified, the court would indict him. Just before being arrested Gresham offered him one hundred thousand dollars to just say don’t remember”. The three words to let him off the hook. He claimed it was the difference between the salary he had been paid and what he ought to have received. Had it been someone else, Baldwin would have slapped him.

But it was Gresham who understood his body language and did not press the matter further. He was proud of the fact that Gresham understood how he could not compromise with his conscience. His family members Martha, Evie and John felt that it was a compliment that cost him one hundred thousand dollars. Baldwin said that Gresham’s compliment about his uprightness was worth a hundred thousand dollars.

Pi had never before experienced physical hell than that putrid taste and pasty feeling in the mouth. It was an unbearable pressure at the back of his throat. The divining rod in Pi’s mind dipped sharply and spring gushed forth. He remembered that he was on a genuine regulation lifeboat and such a lifeboat was surely outfitted with supplies. A captain would never fail in so elementary way of preserving water to ensure safety and survival of his crew in the event of a disaster. Besides, it is natural that a ship chandler would think of making a little extra money under the noble pretext of saving lives. It was settled beyond doubt that there was water on board.

Napoleon was a powerful orator and was able to muster the support of young soldiers who could gladly throw away their lives for the glory of France and for fulfilling the ambitious plans of territorial expansion of Napoleon Bonaparte. He inspired unprecedented courage among the soldiers.

They never worried about the strength of the enemy army or their pile of armaments. They faced the battles with the single minded determination to ‘do or die’ or do and die. They kissed death for the glorification of France and for making Napoleon proud of their heroism, sacrifices and patriotism.

Correct Answer is: (c) un

Correct Answer is: (a) re

I have a friend whose cat is very cute.

20th Sept, 2020 

From 

XXX 

YYY 

zzz

To 

The Mayor, 

Municipal Corporation, 

Chennai-600012.

Sir, 

Sub: Provision for additional street lamps. 

This is to bring to your notice that there is provision bf just one street light in every street on YYY Nagar in ZZZ locality. It is very scary to walk on the road as there are empty lands here and there with plants and bushes grown robustly. As a result, we have insects and snakes that come out of its shelter in search of food in the nights.

There is also the problem of chain snatching. Additional lights will help us to walk safe in the locality.

We thereby request you to look into the matter, make provisions for additional lamp posts and also change the tube lights that aren’t working.

Thank you,

The correct answer is 2 and 3 only.

• Tropical Cyclone
  • ​Tropical cyclones are intense low-pressure areas confined to the area lying between 30° N and 30° S latitudes, in the atmosphere around which high-velocity winds blow.
  • Horizontally, it extends up to 500-1,000 km and vertically from surface to 12-14 km.
  • A tropical cyclone or hurricane is like a heat engine that is energized by the release of latent heat on account of the condensation of moisture that the wind gathers after moving over the oceans and seas.
  • There are differences of opinion among scientists about the exact mechanism of a tropical cyclone.
  • However, some initial conditions for the emergence of a tropical cyclone are:
    1. Large and continuous supply of warm and moist air that can release enormous latent heat. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
    2. Strong Coriolis force that can prevent the filling of low pressure at the centre (absence of Coriolis force near the equator prohibits the formation of tropical cyclone between 0°-5° latitude). Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct.
    3. Unstable condition through the troposphere that creates local disturbances around which a cyclone develops.
    4. Finally, absence of strong vertical wind wedge, which disturbs the vertical transport of latent heat. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

• Structure of Tropical Cyclone
  • Tropical cyclones are characterized by large pressure gradients.
  • The centre of the cyclone is mostly a warm and low-pressure, cloudless core known as eye of the storm. Generally, the isobars are closely placed to each other showing high-pressure gradients.
  • Normally, it varies between 14-17mb/100 km, but sometimes it can be as high as 60mb/100km.
  • Expansion of the wind belt is about 10-150 km from the centre. 
• Spatio-temporal Distribution of Tropical Cyclone in India
  • Owing to its Peninsular shape surrounded by the Bay of Bengal in the east and the Arabian Sea in the west, the tropical cyclones in India also originate in these two important locations.
  • Though most of the cyclones originate between 10°-15° north latitudes during the monsoon season, yet in case of the Bay of Bengal, cyclones mostly develop during the months of October and November.
    • Here, they originate between 16°-2° N latitudes and to the west of 92° E. By July the place of origin of these storms shifts to around 18° N latitude and west of 90°E near the Sundarban Delta.

Kollam – Kottappuram

The Golden’Quadrangle Super Highway

Traditions and customs have their own significance. But rigid adherance to them blindly brings stagnation in life and thus progress and development come to a halt. In the same way modernity is good but ultra modernity uproots us from our own soil and we are ultimately destroyed. Rama Mehta has focussed on the higher studies in foreign country. Ajay Singh and Veer Singh are good examples. Sita is a servant’s daughter. In spite of strict opposition Bhagwat Singhji, his wife and daughter-in-law Geeta send her to school. The haveli is a good example where the master and the servant flourish together. Thus Rama Mehta has made a wise use of modernity and tradition for the sake of human progress and development.

परम्पराओं और रीति-रिवाजों का अपना महत्त्व होता है। परन्तु उनके साथ जिद से अन्धा होकर चिपकना जीवन में हैरानी लाता है तथा इस प्रकार उन्नति और विकास रुक जाते हैं। इसी प्रकार आधुनिकता अच्छी है परन्तु आधुनिकता का सीमा से भी बाहर हो जाना हमें अपनी भूमि से उखाड़ फेंकता है और आखिर हम बर्बाद हो जाते हैं। विदेशों में उच्च शिक्षा पर रमा मेहता ने फोकस किया है। अजय सिंह और वीर सिंह इसके अच्छे उदाहरण हैं। सीता एक नौकर की बेटी है। कठोर विरोध के बावजूद भी भगवत सिंह जी, उनकी पत्नी और पुत्र-वधू गीता उसे स्कूल भेजते हैं। उपन्यास इसका बहुत अच्छा उदाहरण है जहाँ स्वामी और सेवक साथ-साथ फलते-फूलते हैं। इस प्रकार रमा मेहता ने मानव की उन्नति और विकास के हित में आधुनिकता और परम्परा का बुद्धिमता से प्रयोग किया है।

• Unlike Britain where the impact of industrialisation led to more people moving into urban areas, in India the initial impact of the same British industrialisation led to more people moving into agriculture. 
• Just as manufacturing boomed in Britain, traditional exports of cotton and silk manufactures from India declined in the face of Manchester competition. This period also saw the further decline of cities such as Surat and Masulipatnam. 
• When the British took over Indian states, towns like Thanjavur, Dhaka, and Murshidabad lost their courts and, therefore, some of their artisans and court gentry. 
• Industrialization in the west was accompanied by the growth of a western middle class. However, in India, it could not create any genuine middle class. We know only too well that the zamindars become parasites in land and the graduates job hunters

• ‘Modernity’ assumes that local ties and parochial perspectives give way to universal commitments and cosmopolitan attitudes; 
• that the truths of utility, calculation, and science take precedence over those of the emotions, the sacred, and the non-rational; 
• that the individual rather than the group be the primary unit of society and politics; 
• that the associations in which men live and work be based on choice not birth; 
• that mastery rather than fatalism orient their attitude toward the material and human environment; 
• that identity be chosen and achieved, not ascribed and affirmed; 
• that work be separated from family, residence, and community in bureaucratic organisation

OR

• The idea of female education was debated intensely. Reformers argued that for a society to progress women have to be educated. Some of them believed that in pre-modern India, women were educated. Others contested this on the grounds that this was so only of a privileged few. Thus, attempts to justify female education were made by recourse to both modern and traditional ideas.
• They actively debated the meanings of tradition and modernity. Jotiba Phule thus recalled the glory of pre-Aryan age while others like Bal Gangadhar Tilak emphasised the glory of the Aryan period. 
• Muslim social reformers actively debated the meaning of polygamy and purdah. For example, a resolution against the evils of polygamy was proposed by Jahanara Shah Nawas at the All India Muslim Ladies Conference. 
• Debates within communities were common during this period. For instance, sati was opposed by the Brahmo Samaj. Orthodox members of the Hindu community in Bengal formed an organisation called Dharma Sabha and petitioned the British arguing that reformers had no right to interpret sacred texts.

• The social movement for Jharkhand had a charismatic leader in Birsa Munda, an adivasi who led a major uprising against the British. 
• Literate adivasis began to research and write about their history and myths. They documented disseminated information about tribal customs and cultural practices. This helped create a unified ethnic consciousness and a shared identity as Jharkhandis. 
• Literate adivasis were also in a position to get government jobs so that, over time, a middle-class adivasi intellectual leadership emerged that formulated the demand for a separate state and lobbied for it in India and abroad. 
• Within south Bihar, adivasis shared a common hatred of dikus – migrant traders and moneylenders who had settled in the area and grabbed its wealth, impoverishing the original residents. 
• Adivasi experiences of marginalisation and their sense of injustice were mobilised to create a shared Jharkhandi identity and inspire collective action that eventually led to the formation of a separate state. 
• The issues against which the leaders of the movement in Jharkand agitated were: acquisition of land for large irrigation projects and firing ranges; survey and settlement operations, which were held up, camps closed down, etc., collection of loans, rent and cooperative dues, which were resisted; and nationalisation of forest produce which they boycotted.

OR

• The Chipko Movement, an example of the ecological movement, started in the Himalayan foothills. 
• When government forest contractors came to cut down the trees, villagers, including large number of women, stepped forward to hug the trees to prevent their being felled. 
• All of them relied on the forest to get firewood, fodder and other daily necessities. This conflict placed the livelihood needs of poor villagers against the government’s desire to generate revenues from selling timber. 
• The economy of subsistence was pitted against the economy of profit. Along with this issue of social inequality (villagers versus a government that represented commercial, capitalist interests), the Chipko Movement also raised the issue of ecological sustainability. 
• In addition, the Chipko Movement also expressed the resentment of hill villagers against a distant government headquartered in the plains that seemed indifferent and hostile to their concerns. 
• So, concerns about economy, ecology and political representation underlay the Chipko Movement.

• The Bombay Textile strike of 1982, which was led by the trade union leader, Dr. Datta Samant, and affected nearly a quarter of a million workers and their families. The strike lasted nearly two years. 
• Women workers participated actively in the strike. However, they experienced a conflict between their role as a participant in the strike and their responsibility towards their families and children. 
• Members of the RMMS played a role in breaking the strike by bringing people to work. 
• Nearly one lakh workers lost their jobs and went back to their villages, or took up casual labour

Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mole 

First we have to calculate the mass of NaOH. 

As, 1L of solution contains 4 g of NaOH 

So, 0.05 L of solution contains 4 x 0.05 = 0.2 g of NaOH 

The mass of NaOH = 0.2 g 

Now we have to calculate the moles of NaOH. 

The moles of NaOH = Mass of NaOH/ Molar mass of NaOH = (0.2 g)/(40g/mole) =  0.005 mole 

The moles of NaOH = 0.005 mole

Now we have to calculate the moles of HCl. 

The balanced chemical reaction will be, 

NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H₂O

From the balanced reaction we conclude that 

As, 1 mole of NaOH neutralizes 1 mole of HCl 

So, 0.005 mole of NaOH neutralizes 0.005 mole of HCl 

The moles of HCl = 0.005 mole 

Now we have to calculate the volume of HCl. 

As we know that at STP, 

1 mole of HCl contains 22.4 L volume of HCl 

So, 0.005 mole of HCl contains 22.4 x 0.005 = 0.112L = 112 ml volume of HCl 

Therefore, the volume of HCl gas at STP will be, 0.112 L or 112 ml.