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In setting up the office, the first thing required is Place.

(d) All of the above

(a)  3 years

(a)  in the file

(d) All of the above

(b) inward – outward register

(a)  manager

(c) Both (a) and (b) are correct

(b) When the mails are received

To make every visitor experience a pleasant atmosphere and to create a positive image in the mind of a consumer.

Postal System.

Clerical – class employees

His work is to receive and dispatch and sort and forward mail to concerned departments.

Modem, Scanner.

His work is to mail the details and maintain the records of outgoing mail.

Anybody who comes to an office is first made to enter the reception area. The area has facilities like ventilation, sitting space and other facilities so that every visitor experiences a pleasant atmosphere.

The making of hard copy is done by the printer.

(b) To check and control.

• It helps in quick reference. 
• It establishes proper control.

An office manager is the one serves as a link between the top management and lower-level employees.

The scanner is an input device of the computer which is used to store data.

Calculator is used for general calculations in the office.

(d) All of the above

Photocopy machine.

There are various types of records used in an office (letter, report, voucher, various other records), these are systematically maintained and classified so that any of these records can be accessed immediately, if and when required.

Steps of Record Maintenance:

1. Creating a list.

2. Classification of the list by time. 

3. Selection of the necessary storage space. 

4. Building a maintenance department. 

5. Composition of desired devices. 

6. Appointment and training of employees.

7. Recording, classification and conservation. 

8. Investigation and control.

Benefit/Advantage of Record Maintenance and Management: 

1. Ease in Reference – 

The old records can be used, anytime, anywhere, therefore they can be used in the form of a quick reference. 

2. Legal Requirement – 

According to various laws or regulations, it is mandatory for any type of organisation to maintain its records for a certain duration of time (3 years to 8 years), hence proper maintenance of records is essential. 

3. Helpful in Future Planning – 

Future planning needs to be done to fulfil the objectives of a business, and it is only possible when previous records are kept under-hand. A task becomes easier with records.

4. Proof of Dissent Solving – 

If any dissent or conflict occurs among the workers than with the help of previous records maintained, it becomes easy to solve the issue. It can be used as evidence in such matters. 

5. Effective Control – 

Control is maintained effectively with the help of the records. It is used as a receipt of the desired information for appropriate control. 

6. Convenience in Replies – 

If someone is answerable for something in an office, then records can be of great help. It can easily be done with record maintenance.

Better adjustment of the employees, equipment, finance and other resources available in the office, proper operation of the desired activities of the office, through which office targets can be achieved is office management. It includes minimum cost and maximum result in minimum time.

Anybody who comes to an office is first made to visit the reception area. From there, he gets information about the desired office activity, of a person or place. The reception area has facilities like ventilation, sitting space and other facilities so that every visitor experiences a pleasant atmosphere.

(c) using office equipment of modern technology.

(c) to welcome and provide information to guests.

The place is determined first while establishing a business.

(d) All of the above

In every office, there is a section which takes care of the incoming and outgoing mail. One or more employee is appointed to receive/dispatch and sort or forward mail to the concerned department. A separate register is maintained for incoming and outgoing mail, in which date, details of mail and record of these mails is maintained.

(a) Office Management

Various type of records likes, letters, reports, challans, contracts, vouchers, circulars, minutes of meetings, information, other records, catalogues, etc. are systematically maintained and classified so that any of these records can be accessed immediately if and when required.

Office Equipment can be divided into two parts: 

1. Conventional Equipment. 

2. Modern Equipment. 

1. Conventional Equipment – 

Various types of equipment according to the situation and size – 

1. Typewriter

2. Telephone 

3. Dating Machine 

4. Punching machine 

5. Numbering Machine 

6. Calculator 

7. Almirah

2. Modern Equipment – 

Following modern equipment can be found in an office – 

1. Computer 

2. Scanner 

3. Printer 

4. Web Camera 

5. Pen Drive 

6. Compact disk 

7. Modem 

8. E – almirah

1. Computer – 

This is very important equipment in an office. The computer is an electronic device which is used to input the data, process it and give result as output. A computer can process the data one lakh times faster than a normal human and it can also perform various tasks at a single time. Various records can be saved in a computer that can be beneficial for future use.

2. Printer – 

This is used to make a hard copy in an office. Any type of data such as text or photo which is shown on a computer screen needs a printer to be put on a paper. 

These are of two types –

• Impact Printer – This type of printer contains the relationship between the printer head and paper. It has some pins which hit as alphabets on the paper present at the back of the ribbon and it gets printed on.
• Non – Impact Printer – This printer works on the basis of thermal, chemical, electronics and uses a spray of colours on technical inkjet.

3. Modem – 

Modem is modern equipment, which is used to join the internet through computers and telephone lines are used for this. Today, the internet has become an important part of every office, without which, no task can be fulfilled. 

4. Scanner – It is office equipment in which any kind of hard copy or photocopy which needs to be sent through the internet or needs to be stored in a computer can be done easily through the Internet. The scanner is an input device of the computer, which is used to insert data in the computer.

5. Photostat Machine –

Photostat Machine has become important equipment used in the office. Through this, the owner of the photostat machine can copy the exact version of anything including letter, photo, book, etc. The cameras are fitted in the photocopy machine to get its exact copy. With this, the original copy can be adjusted according to the requirements.

An office is an essential place of a business, therefore for management of office managerial work efficiency is essential.

By office organisation, it means the department and employee structure, such as staff, line, project, etc.

(b)  Control

Conventional equipment used in the office are: 

1. Typewriter 

2. Telephone 

3. Printer 

4. Punching Machine 

5. Numbering Machine 

6. Calculator 

7. Almirah

All the records related to the sale, purchase, employees, finance, production, etc. associated with the office are maintained and managed under record management.

(d) All of the above

(d) All of the above

(d) Help in increasing employee intelligence

Modern types of equipment used in the office are: 

1. Computer 

2. Scanner 

3. Printer 

4. Web Camera 

5. Pen drive 

6. Compact Disk 

7. E – almirah, etc.

(d) All of the above

The process of filling the gap between the desired and achieved objectives is called office control.

Various types of equipment have made human activities easier, pleasant, pleasurable and easy in the office. 

Types of equipment are: 

1. Computer 

2. Typewriter 

3. Printer 

4. Scanner 

5. Photostat machine 

6. Fax machine 

7. Modem 

8. Telephone 

9. Punching Machine 

10. Calculator 

11. Filer or Rack or E-almirah 

12. Web Camera 

13. Pen drive 

14. C.D. 

Importance of Office Equipment: 

Following is the importance of office equipment – 

1. Increase in Efficiency and Productivity – 

The use of modern equipment in the office increases efficiency in the work culture and productivity among the workers and employees. It is very important for the institute. 

2. Economy – 

The use of types of equipment in the office has resulted in enhanced efficiency in the routine work of the office, and the tasks, which were earlier regarded as difficult, are performed by the employees in an easy way today due to the use of this modern equipment.

3. Human labour and Time Saving – 

Use of various equipment in the office has resulted in less use of labour and it also saves time. The devices work as human assistants and as dependable workers.

4. Reduce the chance of Mistakes – 

Work is nowadays done by devices as an associate of human beings and so the possibility of mistakes has been minimised.

5. Working Accuracy –

It is natural for human beings to commit errors, but these tools generally meet their objectives and do not make mistakes.

6. The decrease in Monotony – 

When equipment is used in an office, the employees find the task less monotonous, and thus they work with firm determination and motivation.

7. Facilitation and support of personnel – 

The devices located in the office work as associates of employees, simplify their work and provide convenienc

There is various type of records in a business office such as letters, reports, challans, contracts, vouchers, circulars, minutes of meetings, other information, etc. Inefficient office management, all these records are systematically maintained and classified, so that any of these records can be accessed immediately if and when required.

The office manager is an important and responsible person in the office. He has to face several situations and people as well. He needs to get the work done from the employees, play the role of coordinator and controller. He must be effective and efficient enough to perform all these activities.

Despite having expertise in his field, with enough knowledge and skills, an office manager cannot succeed until his colleagues are happy. Hence, he should develop a sense of engagement and a better environment through proper consultation, discussion, etc. with his co-workers.