92 + Interview Questions in Rna Structure Prediction in Bioinformatics Page 2 InterviewSolution

51.	In comparative approach to RNA structure prediction, Foldalign is a web-based only program for RNA alignment(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question during an online interview.This question is from Performance Evaluation topic in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct choice is (b) False To EXPLAIN: Foldalign is a web-based PROGRAM for RNA alignment and structure prediction. The user PROVIDES a PAIR of unaligned sequences.

Discussion

52.	If prediction accuracy can be represented using a ______ the ______ programs score roughly 20% to 60% depending on the length of the sequences.(a) multiple parameter, ab initio–based(b) single parameter, ab initio–based(c) multiple parameter, comparative–based(d) single parameter, comparative–basedI have been asked this question in a job interview.I need to ask this question from Performance Evaluation in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right answer is (b) SINGLE parameter, ab initio–based Easiest explanation: As mentioned, the scores DEPEND on the length of the SEQUENCES. Generally speaking, the programs PERFORM better for shorter RNA sequences than for longer ONES.

Discussion

53.	Which of the following about the RNAFold is incorrect?(a) It extends the sequence alignment to the vicinity of the optimal diagonals to calculate thermodynamic stability of alternative structures(b) It incorporates a partition function(c) It doesn’t necessarily use a partition function(d) It aims to select a number of statistically most probable structures in one of its stepsI have been asked this question during an interview.This interesting question is from Ab Initio Approach topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Correct answer is (c) It doesn’t necessarily use a partition FUNCTION Explanation: Based on both thermodynamic calculations and the partition function, a number of ALTERNATIVE structures that may be suboptimal are provided. The collection of the predicted structures may provide a BETTER estimate of plausible foldings of an RNA molecule than the PREDICTIONS by Mfold.

Discussion

54.	An aspect of the comparative method is to select a __________ structure through consensus drawing.(a) relatively distinct(b) remote(c) common(d) least abundantI had been asked this question in an online quiz.I'd like to ask this question from Comparative Approach topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct answer is (c) common The explanation: Predicting secondary structures for each individual sequence MAY PRODUCE errors, by comparing all PREDICTED structures of a GROUP of aligned RNA sequences and drawing a consensus. Hence, the commonly adopted structure can be selected; many other POSSIBLE structures can be eliminated in the process.

Discussion

55.	The comparative approach uses basic RNA structure based predictions to infer a consensus structure.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was posed to me in quiz.This intriguing question originated from Comparative Approach topic in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Correct CHOICE is (B) False Easiest explanation: The comparative APPROACH uses multiple evolutionarily related RNA sequences to infer a consensus structure. This approach is BASED on the assumption that RNA sequences that deem to be homologous FOLD into the same secondary structure.

Discussion

56.	In dynamic programming, in ab initio methods, the use of a dot plot can be effective in finding a ____ secondary structure in a ________ molecule.(a) multiple, large(b) single, large(c) single, small(d) multiple, smallI got this question in a national level competition.My question is taken from Ab Initio Approach in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The CORRECT answer is (c) SINGLE, small The explanation: Mostly, The use of a DOT plot can be effective in finding a single secondary structure in a small Molecule. However, if a LARGE molecule contains MULTIPLE secondary structure segments, choosing a combination that is energetically most stable among a large number of possibilities can be a daunting task.

Discussion

57.	In ab initio methods, a quantitative approach such as dynamic programming can be used to assemble a final structure with optimal base-paired regions.(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question in exam.The query is from Ab Initio Approach topic in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right option is (a) True To EXPLAIN: In this approach, an RNA SEQUENCE is COMPARED with itself. A scoring SCHEME is APPLIED to fill the matrix with match scores based on Watson–Crick base complementarity.

Discussion

58.	In dot matrix in ab initio methods, the diagonals _____________ to the main diagonal represent regions that can self hybridize.(a) parallel(b) cutting in random fashion(c) perpendicular(d) adjacent parallelI got this question during a job interview.I need to ask this question from Ab Initio Approach topic in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Correct option is (C) perpendicular Easiest EXPLANATION: The diagonals perpendicular to the main diagonal represent regions that can SELF hybridize to form double-stranded structure with traditional A–U and G–C base pairs. In reality, the pattern detection in a dot matrix is often obscured by high NOISE LEVELS.

Discussion

59.	Originally, the FOLD program of _____ predicted _____ having the minimum free energy.(a) M. Zuker, two structures(b) M. Wunsch, two structures(c) M. Zuker, only one(d) M. Wunsch, only oneThe question was posed to me in quiz.This interesting question is from MFOLD and the Use of Energy Plots in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct option is (c) M. Zuker, only one Explanation: However, changes in a single NUCLEOTIDE can RESULT in drastic changes in the predicted structure. A later VERSION, called MFOLD, has IMPROVED prediction of non-base paired interactions and predicts several structures having ENERGIES close to the minimum free energy.

Discussion

60.	A type of RNA secondary structure prediction method takes into account conserved patterns of base-pairing that are conserved during evolution of a given class of RNA molecules.(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question in an interview for internship.The doubt is from Limitations of Prediction topic in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct ANSWER is (a) True For explanation: Sequence positions that base-pair are found to vary at the same time during evolution of RNA molecules so that structural integrity is MAINTAINED. For example, if two positions G and C form a base pair in a given type of MOLECULE, then sequences that have C and G reversed, or A and U or U and A at the corresponding positions, would be considered reasonable matches.

Discussion

61.	Based on recent benchmark comparisons, the comparative-type algorithms can reach an accuracy range of 20% to 80%.(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question in unit test.My question is from Performance Evaluation in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The CORRECT answer is (a) True Best explanation: The results DEPEND on whether a PROGRAM is pre-alignment dependent or not. Most of the superior performance comes from pre-alignment-dependent PROGRAMS such as RNAalifold.

Discussion

62.	Which of the following is true about the RNAalifold?(a) Dynamic programming is not involved(b) Minimum free energy method is not used(c) Only minimum free energy is used(d) Covariation information is taken into considerationI had been asked this question during an internship interview.I'd like to ask this question from Comparative Approach topic in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct option is (d) Covariation information is taken into consideration Easy explanation: It is a program in the Vienna PACKAGE. It uses a multiple sequence alignment as input to analyze covariation patterns on the sequences. A scoring matrix is CREATED that combines MINIMUM free ENERGY and covariation information. Dynamic programming is used to select the structure that has the minimum energy for the whole set of aligned RNA sequences.

Discussion

63.	The type of algorithm that _____ predefined alignment is ______ for reasonably conserved sequences.(a) doesn’t require, more successful(b) requires, less successful(c) doesn’t require, relatively successful(d) requires, relatively successfulI have been asked this question during a job interview.I would like to ask this question from Comparative Approach in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct option is (d) requires, relatively successful Best explanation: The requirement for using this type of program is an appropriate set of homologous sequences that have to be similar enough to allow ACCURATE alignment, but divergent enough to allow covariations to be DETECTED. If this CONDITION is not met, correct STRUCTURES cannot be inferred.

Discussion

64.	In the programs related to FOLD, All complementary base pairs can be sampled in a fashion to determine which are present in a suboptimal structure.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was posed to me by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.My query is from MFOLD and the Use of Energy Plots topic in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct choice is (a) True For explanation: All complementary base PAIRS can be SAMPLED in a fashion to determine which are within a certain RANGE of the OPTIMAL one. An energy dot plot is PRODUCED showing the locations of alternative base pairs that produce the most stable or suboptimally stable structures.

Discussion

65.	In comparative approach to RNA structure prediction, Dynalign is a ________ program.(a) Windows based(b) Fedora(c) UNIX(d) iOS basedThis question was addressed to me during an interview.My query is from Performance Evaluation topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right option is (c) UNIX The explanation is: Is a UNIX PROGRAM with a FREE source code for downloading. Here, the user again provides TWO INPUT sequences. The program calculates the possible SECONDARY structures of each using a method similar to Mfold.

Discussion

66.	In dynamic programming, in ab initio methods, Often ________ base pairing and energy terms of the base pairing _____ incorporated into the scoring process.(a) G-C, are(b) G–U, are not(c) G–U, are also(d) G-C, are notThis question was posed to me during a job interview.My query is from Ab Initio Approach in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right answer is (C) G–U, are also The best explanation: Although the traditional structure COMPRISES of A–U and G–C base pairs, G-U base pairing is incorporated into the scoring process. A path with the maximal score within a scoring MATRIX after taking into account the entire sequence information represents the most PROBABLE secondary structure FORM.

Discussion

67.	Structures are not much important when it comes to the study of the functions.(a) True(b) FalseI got this question in an international level competition.I need to ask this question from Types of RNA Structures topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct answer is (b) False To explain: Knowledge of the STRUCTURES of these molecules is PARTICULARLY important for UNDERSTANDING their functions. Difficulties in experimental determination of RNA structures make theoretical prediction a very DESIRABLE approach. In fact, computational-based analysis is the main tool in RNA-based drug design in pharmaceutical industry. In addition, knowledge of the secondary structures of RRNA is key for RNA-based phylogenetic analysis.

Discussion

68.	The application of SCFGs to RNA secondary structure analysis is very similar in form to the probabilistic covariance models.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was posed to me during an internship interview.I would like to ask this question from Minimum Free in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right choice is (a) True Explanation: For RNA, the SYMBOLS of the alphabet are A, C, G, and U. The context-free grammar ESTABLISHES a set of RULES called productions for generating the sequence from the alphabet, in this case an RNA MOLECULE with sections that can base-pair and OTHERS that cannot base-pair.

Discussion

69.	In ab initio methods for RNA structure prediction, the prediction results from RNAfold are not always guaranteed to be better than those predicted by Mfold.(a) True(b) FalseI got this question in an interview.I would like to ask this question from Comparative Approach topic in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct option is (a) True To EXPLAIN I would say: Because of the much larger NUMBER of secondary structures to be computed, a more simplified energy rule has to be used to INCREASE computational SPEED. Thus, the PREDICTION results are not always guaranteed to be better than those predicted by Mfold.

Discussion

70.	RNA structures can be experimentally determined using _____(a) X-ray crystallography techniques only(b) NMR techniques only(c) X-ray crystallography or NMR techniques(d) Gel electrophoresisI have been asked this question during an interview.This question is from Types of RNA Structures in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The CORRECT answer is (c) X-ray crystallography or NMR techniques Explanation: HOWEVER, the two approaches are extremely time CONSUMING and expensive. As a result, computational PREDICTION has become an attractive alternative. OPTION Gel electrophoresis, here, becomes irrelevant as it comes to the structure of RNA.

Discussion

71.	The pre-alignment independent programs fare __________ for predicting long sequences.(a) slight better(b) much better(c) a bit worse(d) much worseThis question was posed to me during an interview for a job.The query is from Performance Evaluation topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» CORRECT answer is (d) much worse To EXPLAIN I would say: For small RNA SEQUENCES such as tRNA, both subtypes can achieve very high ACCURACY (up to 100%). This illustrates that the comparative approach is consistently more accurate than the ab initio one.

Discussion

72.	The type of algorithm that requires predefined alignment, requires the user to provide _______ alignment as input.(a) not necessarily an alignment(b) multiple only(c) pairwise or multiple(d) pair wise onlyThe question was posed to me during an internship interview.This is a very interesting question from Comparative Approach in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer»

Discussion

73.	In ab initio methods, free energy can be calculated based on parameters empirically derived for small molecules.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me in final exam.My query is from RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Methods in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» RIGHT ANSWER is (a) True Best explanation: G–C base pairs are more stable than A–U base pairs, which are more stable than G–U base pairs. It is also known that base-pair FORMATION is not an INDEPENDENT event.

Discussion

74.	Which of the following is not a base of RNA?(a) Thymine (T)(b) Adenine (A)(c) Cytosine (C)(d) Guanine (G)I had been asked this question in an international level competition.This interesting question is from Types of RNA Structures topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right OPTION is (a) Thymine (T) To explain I would say: RNA structures can be described at three levels as in PROTEINS: primary, SECONDARY, and tertiary. The primary structure is the linear sequence of RNA, consisting of FOUR bases, adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U).

Discussion

75.	Nussinov and Jacobson (1980) were the first to design a precise and efficient algorithm for predicting secondary structure.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me in semester exam.Query is from Limitations of Prediction in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct choice is (a) True The best explanation: The algorithm GENERATES TWO scoring matrices—one M (i,j) to keep track of the maximum number of BASE pairs that can be FORMED in any interval i to j in the sequence. The SECOND K (i,j) is to keep track of the base position k that is paired with j.

Discussion

76.	For _________ RNA sequences, such as tRNA, some programs may be able to produce _________% accuracy.(a) small, 70(b) small, 40(c) large, 90(d) large, 75This question was posed to me in an interview for job.Question is from Performance Evaluation topic in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The CORRECT choice is (a) small, 70 The BEST I can explain: The number of the percentage may vary but the qualitative idea is that for small RNA sequences, some PROGRAMS may produce BETTER ACCURACY. The major limitation for performance gains of this category appears to be dependence on energy parameters alone, which may not be sufficient to distinguish different structural possibilities of the same molecule.

Discussion

77.	In comparative approach to RNA structure prediction, algorithms that do not use pre-alignment, align multiple input sequences and infers a consensus structure.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me in an interview for internship.My question is based upon Performance Evaluation topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right option is (a) True Easiest explanation: The ALIGNMENT is produced using dynamic programming with a scoring scheme that incorporates sequence similarity as WELL as energy terms. Because the full dynamic programming for multiple alignment is computationally too demanding, currently available programs limit the INPUT to two SEQUENCES.

Discussion

78.	Rigorously evaluating the performance of RNA prediction programs has traditionally been hindered by the dearth of three-dimensional structural information for RNA.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was asked at a job interview.The question is from Performance Evaluation topic in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct option is (a) True Best explanation: The availability of recently solved crystal STRUCTURES of the entire ribosome provides a wealth of structural details relating to diverse TYPES of RNA molecules. The high resolution structural information can then be used as a BENCHMARK for evaluating state-of-the-art RNA structure PREDICTION programs in all categories.

Discussion

79.	The attractive interactions lead to _________ energy.(a) increased(b) higher(c) lower(d) no change inThe question was asked in an interview for job.I would like to ask this question from RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Methods in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right choice is (C) lower To explain: If a base pair is next to other base pairs, the base pairs tend to stabilize each other through attractive stacking interactions between aromatic rings of the base pairs. The attractive interactions lead to even lower ENERGY. Parameters for calculating the co-operativity of the base-pair FORMATION have been determined and can be used for STRUCTURE prediction.

Discussion

80.	The energy necessary to form individual base pairs is not quite affected by adjacent base pairs.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was posed to me in an international level competition.This interesting question is from RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Methods topic in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The CORRECT answer is (b) False The best I can EXPLAIN: The energy necessary to form individual base PAIRS is influenced by adjacent base pairs through helical stacking forces. This is known as co-operativity in helix formation.

Discussion

81.	In ab initio approach, generally, when a base pairing is formed, the energy of the molecule is _________ because of attractive interactions between the two strands.(a) lowered(b) increased(c) multiplied(d) kept stableI got this question in a national level competition.This interesting question is from RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Methods in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right answer is (a) lowered The explanation: Here, the ALGORITHMS can be designed to search for a STABLE RNA STRUCTURE with the LOWEST FREE energy. Thus, to search for a most stable structure, ab initio programs are designed to search for a structure with the maximum number of base pairs.

Discussion

82.	In the programs related to FOLD, the second region, the ________ region, is used to calculate the energy of the ________ structure.(a) included, most likely(b) included, best(c) excluded, least likely(d) excluded, bestThis question was addressed to me during an online interview.Asked question is from MFOLD and the Use of Energy Plots in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» RIGHT OPTION is (d) excluded, best Explanation: A second region, the excluded region, is USED to calculate the energy of the best structure that includes i, j but is not derived from the structure at i+1, j-1 After certain corrections are made, the DIFFERENCE between the included and excluded values is the most energetic structure that includes the base PAIR i, j.

Discussion

83.	The dot matrix method and the dynamic programming method can be used in detecting self-complementary regions of a sequence.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was asked during an internship interview.Question is taken from RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Methods topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Correct option is (a) True Explanation: A simple dot matrix can find all POSSIBLE base-paring PATTERNS of an RNA sequence when one sequence is COMPARED with itself. In this case, dots are placed in the matrix to represent matching complementary BASES INSTEAD of identical ones.

Discussion

84.	Which of the following is not a form of RNA?(a) mRNA(b) tRNA(c) qRNA(d) rRNAThis question was posed to me during an online exam.Enquiry is from Types of RNA Structures topic in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct ANSWER is (c) qRNA Best explanation: It is known that RNA is a CARRIER of genetic information and exists in three main forms. They are messenger RNA (mRNA), RIBOSOMAL RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). Their main roles are as FOLLOWS: mRNA is responsible for directing protein synthesis; rRNA provides structural SCAFFOLDING within ribosomes; and tRNA serves as a carrier of amino acids for polypeptide synthesis.

Discussion

85.	____ wobble pairs may be produced in these double-stranded regions.(a) A/A(b) A/U(c) G/C(d) G/UThis question was posed to me in a national level competition.I want to ask this question from Limitations of Prediction topic in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right choice is (d) G/U For explanation: As in DNA, the G/C base pairs contribute the greatest energetic stability to the MOLECULE, with A/U base pairs contributing less stability than G/C, and G/U wobble base pairs contributing the LEAST. From the RNA STRUCTURES that have been solved, these base pairs and a NUMBER of ADDITIONAL ones have been identified.

Discussion

86.	The sequence is listed down the first column of base comparisons’ table and free energy calculations’ table in the 5’→3’ orientation.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was asked in an online quiz.My query is from Minimum Free topic in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct answer is (a) True The EXPLANATION is: The first four bases of the SEQUENCE are also listed in the first ROW of the TABLES in the 5’→3’ direction. Several complementary base pairs between the first and last four bases that could lead to secondary structure are shown in the tables.

Discussion

87.	______ regions in sequences, such as those in RNA that will form secondary structures, are an example of such context-free sequences.(a) non-interlocking(b) non-Complementary(c) complementary(d) non-compatibleThis question was addressed to me in an interview.Question is taken from Minimum Free in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct option is (C) complementary The best explanation: Stochastic context-free grammars (SCFG) introduce uncertainty into the definition of such regions. It allows them to use alternative symbols as FOUND in the evolution of RNA molecules.

Discussion

88.	The Second assumption in predicting RNA secondary structure is that the energy associated with any position in the structure is _____ influenced by local sequence and structure.(a) only(b) not at all(c) partially(d) neverI have been asked this question at a job interview.I'd like to ask this question from Limitations of Prediction in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Right answer is (a) only Explanation: The energy ASSOCIATED with a particular base pair in a double-stranded region is assumed to be influenced only by the previous base pair and not by the base pairs farther down the double-stranded region or anywhere else in the structure. These energies can be reliably ESTIMATED by EXPERIMENTATION with small, synthetic RNA oligonucleotides recently IMPROVED to include sequence DEPENDENCE.

Discussion

89.	Which of the following is incorrect about the prediction of RNA secondary structure?(a) Every base is first compared to every other base by a type of analysis very similar to the dot matrix analysis(b) A row of matches in the RNA matrix indicates a succession of complementary nucleotides that can potentially form a double-stranded region(c) A row of matches in the RNA matrix indicates a failure of complementary nucleotides that can potentially form a double-stranded region(d) The sequence is listed across the top and down the side of the page, and G/C, A/U, and G/U base pairs are scoredThis question was posed to me in homework.My question is taken from Minimum Free in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Correct option is (c) A ROW of matches in the RNA MATRIX INDICATES a failure of COMPLEMENTARY nucleotides that can potentially form a double-stranded region Explanation: The energy of each predicted structure is estimated by the nearest- neighbor rule by summing the NEGATIVE base-stacking energies for each pair of bases in double-stranded regions. By adding the estimated positive energies of destabilizing regions such as loops at the end of hairpins, bulges within hairpins, internal bulges, and other unpaired regions.

Discussion

90.	In predicting RNA secondary structure, some simplifying assumptions are usually made, like the _____ structure is similar to the _____(a) most likely, energetically most unstable structure(b) most unlikely, energetically most stable structure(c) most likely, energetically most stable structure(d) least likely, energetically most stable structureThis question was posed to me by my school principal while I was bunking the class.My question is from Limitations of Prediction in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The correct ANSWER is (c) most likely, energetically most STABLE structure For explanation: The ASSUMPTION here is that the most predicted or likely structure has to be similar to the energetically most stable structure. The abundance is not TAKEN into consideration in this.

Discussion

91.	In dot matrix in ab initio methods, one way to reduce the noise in the matrix is to select an appropriate window size of a maximum number of contiguous base matches.(a) True(b) FalseI got this question in an online quiz.I want to ask this question from Ab Initio Approach topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» The CORRECT answer is (B) False Easiest explanation: To reduce the noise in the matrix is to select an APPROPRIATE window size of a minimum number of contiguous base MATCHES. Normally, only a window size of four consecutive base matches is used. If the dot plot reveals more than ONE feasible structure, the lowest energy one is chosen.

Discussion

92.	Four main subtypes of secondary structures can be identified. They are hairpin loops, bulge loops, interior loops, and multi-branch loops.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.My enquiry is from Types of RNA Structures in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics
Answer» Correct CHOICE is (a) True Easy explanation: Because the RNA TERTIARY structure is very difficult to PREDICT, attention has been mainly focused on secondary structure prediction. Based on the arrangement of helical BASE pairing in secondary structures, the mentioned four main subtypes of secondary structures can be identified.

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

In comparative approach to RNA structure prediction, Foldalign is a web-based only program for RNA alignment(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question during an online interview.This question is from Performance Evaluation topic in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

The comparative approach uses basic RNA structure based predictions to infer a consensus structure.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was posed to me in quiz.This intriguing question originated from Comparative Approach topic in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

Based on recent benchmark comparisons, the comparative-type algorithms can reach an accuracy range of 20% to 80%.(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question in unit test.My question is from Performance Evaluation in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

In comparative approach to RNA structure prediction, Dynalign is a ________ program.(a) Windows based(b) Fedora(c) UNIX(d) iOS basedThis question was addressed to me during an interview.My query is from Performance Evaluation topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

Structures are not much important when it comes to the study of the functions.(a) True(b) FalseI got this question in an international level competition.I need to ask this question from Types of RNA Structures topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

In ab initio methods, free energy can be calculated based on parameters empirically derived for small molecules.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me in final exam.My query is from RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Methods in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

Which of the following is not a base of RNA?(a) Thymine (T)(b) Adenine (A)(c) Cytosine (C)(d) Guanine (G)I had been asked this question in an international level competition.This interesting question is from Types of RNA Structures topic in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

Nussinov and Jacobson (1980) were the first to design a precise and efficient algorithm for predicting secondary structure.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me in semester exam.Query is from Limitations of Prediction in division RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

For _ RNA sequences, such as tRNA, some programs may be able to produce _% accuracy.(a) small, 70(b) small, 40(c) large, 90(d) large, 75This question was posed to me in an interview for job.Question is from Performance Evaluation topic in section RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

The attractive interactions lead to _________ energy.(a) increased(b) higher(c) lower(d) no change inThe question was asked in an interview for job.I would like to ask this question from RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Methods in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

Which of the following is not a form of RNA?(a) mRNA(b) tRNA(c) qRNA(d) rRNAThis question was posed to me during an online exam.Enquiry is from Types of RNA Structures topic in portion RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

____ wobble pairs may be produced in these double-stranded regions.(a) A/A(b) A/U(c) G/C(d) G/UThis question was posed to me in a national level competition.I want to ask this question from Limitations of Prediction topic in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics

The sequence is listed down the first column of base comparisons’ table and free energy calculations’ table in the 5’→3’ orientation.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was asked in an online quiz.My query is from Minimum Free topic in chapter RNA Structure Prediction of Bioinformatics