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Correct answer is (b) 120 cm

For explanation I would SAY: SSD = lag DISTANCE + BRAKING distance.

= v.t + v^2/2gf.

= 22.22*2.5 + (22.2)2/(2*9.81*0.35).

= 126.5 (NEAR to 120)

Where v is in m/s and t = reaction time(2.5sec acc. to IRC).

Correct answer is (c) portland CEMENT CONCRETE

Best EXPLANATION: Plain cement concrete (PCC) is used to provide rigid impervious bed to RCC in foundation where the EARTH is soft and yielding. PCC can be used over brick flat soling or without brick flat soling. Plain cement concrete can also CALLED only “cement concrete (CC)” or “binding concrete”.

Correct answer is (c) 1 in 10

Easiest explanation: Ruling gradient (PLURAL ruling gradients) (rail transport) The steepest UPHILL gradient in one direction on a section of RAILWAY line, which determines the load that can be pulled by one locomotive over that section, according to the power rating of the locomotive. A TYPICAL ruling gradient could be 1:50 (2%).

The correct option is (B) False

The explanation is: For CONTROLLING the amount of water in cement regular SLUMP test should be CARRIED out to maintain the required consistency. A slump of 7.5 cm to 10 cm MAY be allowed for building work, and 4 cm to 3 cm may be allowed for road work.

Correct ANSWER is (a) True

For explanation: Roof shall be of R.C.C. slab with an insulation layer and LIME concrete terracing above, supported over R.S. JOISTS or R.C.C. beams as REQUIRED. Height of rooms shall not be less than 3.7 m (12 FEET).

The correct option is (a) True

The best explanation: Water, if any accumulates in the TRENCH, should be bailed or pumped out without any extra PAYMENT and necessary precautions shall be taken to PREVENT SURFACE water to ENTER into the trench.

Right option is (b) False

Explanation: For 2nd class building superstructure SHALL be of 2nd class BRICKWORK in LIME mortar. Lintels over DOORS and windows shall be of R.B.

The correct OPTION is (a) True

Easy explanation: It is a short description of different parts of the work specifying materials, proportion, QUALITIES, etc. GENERAL specification give general idea of the WHOLE work or structure and are useful for preparing the ESTIMATE.

Correct option is (b) Tile roof

Easy explanation: Roof tiles are designed mainly to keep out RAIN, and are traditionally made from locally AVAILABLE materials such as TERRACOTTA or slate. Modern materials such as CONCRETE and plastic are also used and some clay tiles have a waterproof glaze. Roof tiles are ‘hung’ from the framework of a roof by fixing them with NAILS.

Right choice is (b) False

Explanation: 1st class brick SHALL be soaked in CLEAN WATER by submerging in a tank for a period of 12 hours IMMEDIATELY before use. Soaking shall be continued TILL air bubbling is ceased.

Correct option is (a) 60 cm

The best explanation: A parapet is a barrier which is an extension of the wall at the edge of a ROOF, terrace, balcony, walkway or other STRUCTURE. The word comes ULTIMATELY from the Italian parapetto. The German equivalent Brustwehr has the same meaning. Where extending above a roof, a parapet may SIMPLY be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof SURFACE, or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a fire wall or party wall.

Correct option is (d) 100 m

Easiest explanation: The length of a crest VERTICAL curve is governed by visibility considerations. The minimum length is based on the stopping sight DISTANCE; the maximum length is based on the passing sight distance, and overtaking is ALLOWED throughout its length. The object of the present paper is theoretical determination of the zone of overtaking visibility in a curve designed on a below-maximum BASIS. The analysis covers 2 CASES: (a) overtaking vehicle inside oncoming vehicle outside the curve and (b) both vehicles outside the curve. The corresponding curve geometries were also considered.

Correct CHOICE is (d) 60mm

The explanation: Ballast should not ABSORB WATER and should not be affected by weather action and shall be clean and free from dust, dirt, etc. Ballast should be stacked 30 CM high on the levelled side-berm of the road in a continuous stack along the road having the section as required per metre LENGTH of the road.

The correct choice is (d) interior design

To elaborate: Interior design is the art and SCIENCE of enhancing the INTERIORS of a space or building to achieve a healthier and more aesthetically pleasing environment for the end user. An interior designer is someone who plans, RESEARCHES, coordinates, and manages such projects. Interior design is a multifaceted profession that includes CONCEPTUAL development, space planning, site inspections, programming, RESEARCH, communicating with the stakeholders of a project, construction management, and execution of the design.

Right answer is (a) True

The explanation: Rammed EARTH is simple to manufacture, non-combustible, thermally massive, strong, and durable. HOWEVER, structures such as walls can be laborious to construct of rammed earth without machinery, e. g., POWERED TAMPERS, and they are susceptible to water damage if inadequately PROTECTED or maintained.

Right answer is (b) Chief Engineer

Explanation: A chief engineer is a senior engineer in an organization. Typically they are in charge of an engineering department, and DUTIES VARY considerably depending on the INDUSTRY. In public WORKS, such as for a city, county, military division, or federal program, the engineering department often has a chief engineer. This is typically shown as “Office of the Chief Engineer” in organizational charts. This person or group is separate from the other engineering offices, and functions to coordinate their ACTIVITIES from an engineering perspective.

Correct ANSWER is (d) pavement thickness, ruling gradient and limiting gradient

For explanation I would say: Weight transfer and load transfer are two expressions used somewhat confusingly to describe two distinct effects: the change in load borne by different wheels of even perfectly rigid vehicles during acceleration, and the change in CENTER of mass (COM) location relative to the wheels because of suspension compliance or cargo shifting or sloshing. In the automobile industry, weight transfer customarily refers to the change in load borne by different wheels during acceleration. This is more properly REFERRED to as load transfer, and that is the expression used in the motorcycle industry.

Correct CHOICE is (d) RAILS

Easiest explanation: Horizontal boards at the top, BOTTOM, and optionally in the middle of a door that join the two stiles and split the door into two or more rows of panels. The “top rail” and “bottom rail” are named for their positions. The bottom rail is also known as “kick rail”. A middle rail at the height of the BOLT is known as the “LOCK rail”, other middle rails are commonly known as “cross rails”.

Right answer is (b) 1 in 10

To explain I would say: To counter-act the effect of centrifugal FORCE and reduce the tendency of vehicle to OVERTURN and to skid laterally outwards, PAVEMENT outer EDGE is raised with respect to inner edge. Thus, providing a transverse slope is known as Super elevation. It is represented by “ E ”.

Correct choice is (a) Superintending Engineer

The explanation is: On large construction PROJECTS, the superintendent’s (otherwise known as a ‘foreman’ outside the USA) job is to run the day-to-day operations on the construction site and control the short-term schedule. The role of the superintendent also includes important quality control and SUBCONTRACTOR coordination responsibilities. It is common for most finance-related tasks (especially labor and material cost control) and long-term scheduling to be handled by a PROJECT MANAGER. The project manager and superintendent need to cooperate and share control effectively. Superintendents are ALMOST universally stationed on the construction site, while project managers are usually based in the contractor’s office with part-time on site responsibilities.

Right CHOICE is (c) in the form of welded wire mesh

The explanation is: In concrete pavement the longitudinal reinforcing steel is continuous throughout the pavement length. It is a joint less concrete pavement sufficiently reinforced to CONTROL cracking, without the aid of weakened transverse joints such as are used in ORDINARY or conventional type of jointed concrete pavement. Reinforced bars in the concrete are lapped to form continuous reinforcement holding the pavement together in all kinds of weather and preventing formation of large cracks that would OTHERWISE reduce the service life of the pavement. CRCP has all the good features of concrete pavements such as durability, high structural strength, non-skid surface and good visibility at night, WET or dry—features which make concrete, and especially continuously reinforced concrete, a permanent road surfacing material.

The correct CHOICE is (c) normal traffic GROWTH

For explanation: Because Normal traffic growth is the increase in traffic volume due to the GENERAL increase in no of TRANSPORTATION vehicles from year to year.

The correct choice is (d) Telford and Macadam simultaneously.

The best I can explain: Thomas Telford, born in Dumfriesshire SCOTLAND, was a surveyor and engineer who applied Tresaguet’s road building theories. In 1801 Telford worked for the British Commission of HIGHLANDS Roads and Bridges. He became director of the Holyhead Road Commission between 1815 and 1830. Telford extended Tresaguet’s theories, but emphasized high-quality stone. He recognized that some of the road PROBLEMS of the French could be avoided by using cubical stone blocks.

John Loudon McAdam was born in Ayr, Scotland in 1756. In 1787 he became a trustee of the Ayrshire Turnpike in the Scottish Lowlands and during the next seven years this hobby became an obsession. He moved to BRISTOL, England in 1802 and became a Commissioner for Paving in 1806. On 15 January 1816 he was elected Surveyor-General of roads for the Turnpike Trust, and was now responsible for 149 miles of road. McAdam first put his ideas about road construction into major practice, the first ‘macadamised’ stretch of road being Marsh Road at Ashton Gate, Bristol.

Right option is (b) 3.70 m

The explanation: A single CARRIAGEWAY or undivided highway is a road with ONE, two or more lanes arranged within a single carriageway with no central reservation to separate OPPOSING flows of traffic.

A two-lane road or two-lane highway is a single carriageway with one lane for each direction. A single-track road has a single lane with passing places for traffic in both directions. Road traffic safety is generally worse for high-speed single carriageways than for dual carriageways due to the lack of separation between traffic moving in opposing directions.

Correct OPTION is (c) Mosaic

Best explanation: Floors of BEDROOMS shall be coloured and polished of 2.5 cm(1”)cement concrete over 7.5 cm(3”) lime concrete. Floors of others shall be of 2.5 cm (1”) cement concrete over 7.5 cm(3”) lime concrete polished.

The correct answer is (b) header

Easiest explanation: It is a brick or STONE which lies with its GREATEST length at right angles to the face of the work. In case of stone masonry header is sometimes KNOWN as through stone. The COURSE of brick work in which all the bricks are laid as HEADERS is known as header course.

Correct choice is (a) spot speed

For EXPLANATION I would SAY: ENOSCOPE consists of a simple open housing containing a mirror mounted on a tripod at the side of the road in such a WAY that an observer’s line of sight turned through 90o. The observer stands at one end of section and on the other end enoscope is placed and measure the time taken by the vehicle to cross the section (fig 6.2). Advantages of this method are that it simple and eliminate the errors due to parallax and considerable time is required to time each vehicle, which lengthen the study period and under heavy traffic condition it may be difficult to relate ostentatious to proper vehicle are the disadvantages of enoscope method.

The correct answer is (B) slip

The best explanation: An automobile skid is an automobile handling condition where one or more TIRES are slipping relative to the road, and the OVERALL handling of the VEHICLE has been affected.

In (automotive) vehicle dynamics, slip is the relative motion between a tire and the road surface it is moving on. This slip can be generated either by the tire’s rotational speed being greater or less than the free-rolling speed, or by the tire’s plane of ROTATION being at an angle to its direction of motion.

Correct choice is (a) False

To explain: Specification SPECIFIES or DESCRIBES the nature and the class off the work, materials to be used in the work, workmanship, etc., and is very IMPORTANT for the execution of the work. The COST of a work depends much on the specifications.

Right choice is (a) Cast IRON

The best explanation: Cast iron is a group of iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content greater than 2%.[1] Its usefulness derives from its relatively low melting temperature. The alloy constituents affect its colour when fractured: white cast iron has carbide impurities which ALLOW cracks to pass straight through, grey cast iron has graphite flakes which DEFLECT a passing crack and initiate countless new cracks as the material breaks, and ductile cast iron has spherical graphite “NODULES” which stop the crack from further progressing.

The correct CHOICE is (a) True

To explain I WOULD SAY: Traditionally the top half can be opened to allow a horse or other ANIMAL to be FED, while the bottom half remains closed to keep the animal inside. This style of door has been adapted for homes.

The CORRECT OPTION is (a) True

To explain I would say: The detailed specification of different ITEMS of work are prepared separately, and describe what the works should be and how they shall be executed and CONSTRUCTED. Detailed specification are written to express the requirements clearly in a concise form avoiding repetition and AMBIGUITY.

Right option is (c) I.R.C. Class-A loading

The explanation is: IRC a body of professional highway ENGINEERS provides the following services:

 (i) It provides a forum for expression of collective opinion of its members for all matters AFFECTING the construction and maintenance of roads in India.

(ii) It promotes the USE of the standard specifications and practices.

(III) It provided with the suggestions for the better methods of planning, designing, construction, administration and maintenance of roads.

(iv) It conducts periodical meetings to DISCUSS technical problems regarding roads.

(v) It makes the laws for the development, improvement and protection of the roads.

(vi) It furnishes and maintains libraries and museums for encouraging the science of road making.

Correct answer is (c) Detailed specification

The best EXPLANATION: The detailed specification of an item of WORK specifies the qualities and quantities of materials, the PROPORTION of mortar, workmanship, the method of preparation and the execution and the method of measurement. The detailed specification of different ITEMS of work are PREPARED separately and describe what the works should be and how they shall be executed and constructed.

Right answer is (a) FLEMISH bond

To EXPLAIN: This bond has ONE stretcher between headers, with the headers centred over the stretchers in the course below.

Where a course begins with a quoin stretcher, the course will ordinarily terminate with a quoin stretcher at the other end. The NEXT course up will begin with a quoin header. For the course’s second brick, a queen closer is laid, generating the lap of the bond. The third brick along is a stretcher, and is—on ACCOUNT of the lap—centred above the header below.

The correct choice is (B) False

For explanation I would SAY: FIRST coat of bituminous painting shall be with ASPHALT or Road tar No.3 and stone grit of 20 mm gauge at 220 kg of asphalt and 1.35 cu m of stone grit per 100 sq. m.

The CORRECT choice is (a) True

Easy explanation: Every course shall be truly horizontal and wall shall been truly in plumb. VERTICAL joints of consecutive course shall not come directly over one another. Vertical joints in alternate course shall come directly over one another. No damaged or broken bricks shall be USED.

The correct ANSWER is (a) True

Easy explanation: It shall be free from corrosions, loose rust scales, oil, grease, paint, etc. The STEEL BAR shall be round and capable of being bent without fracture. Bars shall be hooked and bent ACCURATELY and placed in positions as PEER design and drawing and bound together tight with 20 S.W.G. annealed steel wire at their point of intersection.

Right option is (b) False

Explanation: As soon as SUFFICIENT length of PREMIX has been laid, rolling should be started with 7 to 8 tonne ROLLER. Rolling should commence at the edge and progress towards the centre. After light rolling high spots or depressions which become apparent should be corrected by removing or adding premix and then rolled to thorough COMPACTION.

The correct answer is (d) Ministry of Road TRANSPORT and Highways

For EXPLANATION: The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways is a ministry of the Government of India, is the apex body for formulation and administration of the rules, regulations and laws RELATING to road transport, and transport research, in order to increase the mobility and efficiency of the road transport system in India. Road transport is a critical infrastructure for ECONOMIC development of the country. It influences the pace, structure and pattern of development. In India, roads are used to transport over 60% of the total goods and 85% of passenger traffic.

Correct ANSWER is (a) True

Easiest explanation: Precoating prevents SEPARATION and disintegration of grits and improves the life of the road. For precoating stone grits 12kg to 16 kg of asphalt or road TAR PER cu m of grit may be used.

Correct ANSWER is (a) True

Easiest explanation: Subgrades are commonly compacted before the construction of a road, pavement or railway track, and are sometimes stabilized by the addition of asphalt, lime, portland cement or other modifiers. The subgrade is the foundation of the pavement structure, on which the subbase is laid.

The load-bearing strength of subgrade is measured by California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, falling weight deflectometer back calculations and other METHODS.

The correct option is (b) False

Easiest EXPLANATION: Foundation and plinth shall be of 1st class brickwork in LIME MORTAR or 1:6 cement mortar over lime concrete or 1:4:8 cement concrete.

The correct answer is (b) False

To explain I would SAY: During lime concreting in foundation the concrete SHALL CONSISTS of 1 cu m of brick ballast, 0.32 cu m of surkhi and 0.16 cu m of white lime in the proportion of 100:32:16 by VOLUME.

The CORRECT CHOICE is (d) spiral

For explanation I would say: In case of transition curves, if traffic condition is mixed then provision of speed is limited to 60% of max. Speed of vehicle. One side of curve will higher then the other side for the case of accident of traffic.

Ideal Transition curve: Spiral or clothoid (Lemniscate for MODERN roads).

Valley curve: Cubic PARABOLA.

Vertical curve: Parabola.