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Ubuntu terminal is an interface in which users can type and execute text-based commands. It is used because of faster work COMPLETION as compared to GRAPHICAL APPLICATIONS and MENUS.

Here is a LIST of new features added to Ubuntu 17.10.

• As the DEFAULT DESKTOP, GNOME replaces Unity
• Default display server Wayland
• Default Display Manager GDM
• WiFi Captive Portals SUPPORT
• Better support for Bluetooth speakers
• Performance improvement with LINUX Kernel 4.13

We have to follow these steps to install Ubuntu in PC:

• Put the Ubuntu DVD in drive 7 restart the computer
• Select the language. Either choose Try Ubuntu or Install Ubuntu depending on your preference
• Select the Detect Keyboard Layout and Continue
• Choose Normal installation' or ‘Minimal installation’ ACCORDING to your choice and continue
• Choose whether you WANT to install Ubuntu alongside ANOTHER operating system or delete the existing one and replace it with Ubuntu
• Now click Install Now and Continue
• Select your CURRENT location if you are connected with internet
• Put your preferred location
• Choose the BACKGROUND installation
• Select the popped up Restart option to end the process

Ubuntu 18.10or Cosmic Cuttlefish is the latest VERSION of this OPERATING system, released on 18 OCTOBER 2018. The Ubuntu 19.04, codenamed Disco Dingo, is the upcoming release for the operating system, scheduled for 18thApril 2019 release.

Based on Linux, Ubuntu is free to use the desktop operating system. The operating system is primarily intended for personal computers but can be USED on the SERVER also. Ubuntu EMPLOYS GNU Network Object MODEL Environment, pronounced gah-NOHMor GNOME, which is a GRAPHICAL user interface and set of applications on the desktop for Linux.

There are different COMMANDS to ACCESS the directory in Ubuntu.

• CD /- To NAVIGATE the root directory
• cd or cd ~ - To navigate through the home directory
• cd–To navigate up one directory level
• cd -- To navigate to the PREVIOUS directory

The mkdir command is used in Ubuntu to CREATE new DIRECTORIES. The syntax to USE the mkdir command is DESCRIBED below:

mkdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY.

Sudo or “superuser do!”USED to run commands in UBUNTU with ELEVATED privileges, which are REQUIRED to perform specific administrative TASKS.

We can use the following ways to get HELP in the Ubuntu terminal.

• Use of –h or –help command
• Using tab completion on the Shell
• Use the help command by PRESSING CTRL+ ALT+ T and then type help
• Using the man pages
• Using the INFO command
• Using the relevant command

Running root COMMANDS with SUDO is the most PREFERRED way to root in Ubuntu. We can follow this process to root in Ubuntu.

• Open a terminal window using Ctrl+Alt+T
• Type the command sudo before the rest of your command
• Put the command gksudo before running a command that opens a program with a GUI
• Now simulate a root environment
• Finally, give sudo access to ANOTHER user

Advance Linux interview question and SUGGESTED answers for them to be followed by freshers and experienced.

Ubuntu has a long list of basic commands. Here is the list of most used ones:

• Sudo–to be used for a command that requires root permissions
• ls (list) - terminal will SHOW you all the files and folders of the directory
• cd –Prime command that always is in use in terminal
• pwd - displays the FULL pathname of the current working directory
• cp - allows copying a file
• mv - allows MOVING a file
• rm - allows removing a specified file
• mkdir–Used to create a new directory
• history - displays all of the previous commands
• df - presents information of all mounted filesystems disk space usage
• du - shows the size of a directory and subdirectories
• free –allows us to see the AMOUNT of open space available in the system
• uname–a–Offers a wide RANGE of necessary information regarding system
• top –displays the process utilizing the most system resources at any given time
• info –displays a manual page with precise information

Ubuntu is a South African ethical IDEOLOGY which comes from the XHOSA and Zulu languages and roughly translates as “humanity towards others.” As the platform is based on FREE software and shares the BELIEF of connectivity to all, the name “Ubuntu” is best SUITED for it.

The minimum system requirements for Ubuntu are as following:

• 2 GB RAM
• 2 GHZ dual-core processor
• 25 GB of hard-drive space
• 1024x768 SCREEN resolution VGA capable
• Either a DVD/CD drive or a USB port for the installer media
• Internet access (ADDITIONAL)

FOLLOW further to get the Ubuntu command line list.

To check the CURRENT version of Ubuntu, we have to follow these steps:

• Open the terminal
• Put the command lsb_release -a
• A message will be followed up LIKE this:

$ lsb_release –a

No LSB modules are AVAILABLE.

Distributor ID: Ubuntu

Description: Ubuntu 17.10.3 LTS

Release: 17.10

Codename: TRUSTY

(The release and description numbers are an example here)

The List of common Ubuntu terminal commands.